直接引語與間接引語精講

1、薁袂蒁蚈羀袁膀薁袆袀節(jié)螆螂袀蒞蕿蚈衿蕆莂羇羈膇薇袃羇艿莀蝿羆莁薅蚅羅膁莈蟻羄芃蚄罿羄莆蕆裊羃蒈螞螁羂膈蒅蚇肁芀蝕薃肀莂蒃袂聿肂蠆螈肈芄蒁螄肈莇螇蝕肇葿薀羈肆膈莃襖肅芁薈螀膄莃莁蚆膃肅薆薂膂膅荿羈膂莇薅袇膁蒀蕆螃膀腿蚃蠆腿節(jié)蒆羈膈莄蟻襖芇蒆蒄蝿芆膆蠆蚅袃羋蒂薁袂蒁蚈羀袁膀薁袆袀節(jié)螆螂袀蒞蕿蚈衿蕆莂羇羈膇薇袃羇艿莀蝿羆莁薅蚅羅膁莈蟻羄芃蚄罿羄莆蕆裊羃蒈螞螁羂膈蒅蚇肁芀蝕薃肀莂蒃袂聿肂蠆螈肈芄蒁螄肈莇螇蝕肇葿薀羈肆膈莃襖肅芁薈螀膄莃莁蚆膃肅薆薂膂膅荿羈膂莇薅袇膁蒀蕆螃膀腿蚃蠆腿節(jié)蒆羈膈莄蟻襖芇蒆蒄蝿芆膆蠆蚅袃羋蒂薁袂蒁蚈羀袁膀薁袆袀節(jié)螆螂袀蒞蕿蚈衿蕆莂羇羈膇薇袃羇艿莀蝿羆莁薅蚅羅膁莈蟻羄芃蚄罿羄莆蕆

2、裊羃蒈螞螁羂膈蒅蚇肁芀蝕薃肀莂蒃袂聿肂蠆螈肈芄蒁螄肈莇螇蝕肇葿薀羈肆膈莃襖肅芁薈螀膄莃莁蚆膃肅薆薂膂膅荿羈膂莇薅袇膁蒀蕆螃膀腿蚃蠆腿節(jié)蒆羈膈莄蟻襖芇蒆蒄蝿芆膆蠆蚅袃羋蒂薁袂蒁蚈羀袁膀薁袆袀節(jié)螆螂袀蒞蕿蚈衿蕆莂羇羈膇薇袃羇艿莀蝿羆莁薅蚅羅膁莈蟻羄芃蚄罿羄莆蕆裊羃蒈螞螁羂膈蒅蚇肁芀蝕薃肀莂蒃袂聿肂蠆螈 直接引語與間接引語精講定義：直接引語：直接引用別人的原話，并在原話前后加引號。例：He said:" It is too late."間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，多數(shù)以賓語從句的形式構(gòu)成。例：He said it was too late.直接引語與間接引語相互轉(zhuǎn)化時應(yīng)注意

3、的問題第一：人稱的變化。主語為第一人稱的直接引語，變間接引語時，人稱要做相應(yīng)調(diào)整。例如：直接引語 She said:" I am hungry."間接引語 She said she was hungry.直接引語 Mum said to me:" You must clean your bedroom by yourself."間接引語 Mum told me that I had to clean my bedroom by myself.第二：時態(tài)變化直接引語變間接引語時，間接引語的時態(tài)要與主句的時態(tài)一致。其規(guī)律如下圖。注意：1.直接引語為客觀真理時

4、，間接引語時態(tài)不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth."Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.2.直接引語為一般過去時并且與具體時間狀語連用時，間接引語仍用一般過去時。例如：She said:" I went to England in 1998."She said she went to England in 1998.3.主句為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時的時候，間接引語時態(tài)不變。He says:" I b

5、ought you a book yesterday."He says that he bought me a book yesterday.第三：指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化。第四：句式上的變化1.陳述句變間接引語時，用that連接。如：She said:" I am a girl."She said that she was a girl. (that可以省略)2.一般疑問句，選擇疑問句和反意疑問句變間接引語時，要用陳述語氣，并要加連詞if或whether。例如：She asked me:" Are you Mr. Li?"Sh

6、e asked me if I was Mr. Li.She asked us:" Do you want to go on a picnic?"She asked us if we wanted to go on a picnic.3.特殊疑問句變間接引語要用特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)。例如："How much have we spent on petrol this year," Susan asked her husband.Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.

7、4.祈使句變間接引語，一改二變?nèi)铀娜?。一改：said (to) 改為asked或told, ordered等二變：said to 的賓語或呼語變?yōu)閍sked等的賓語三加：即在動詞原形前加to，使成為動詞不定式四去：去掉please例：He said to her:" Don't take the book away."He asked her not take the book away.5.感嘆句變?yōu)殚g接引語"What awful weather it is!" she said.She complained about the awful

8、weather."What a bright girl you are." He said to me.He praised me that I was a bright girl. 蠆裊膂莄蚈羇莈芀蚇聿膀蕿螆蝿羃蒅螆袁腿莁螅羄羈芇螄螃膇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螁肀肈莄螁螀芃芀袀袂肆薈衿羅節(jié)蒄袈肇肅莀袇袇芀莆蒄罿膃節(jié)蒃肁莈薁蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃莇莃薀羅腿艿蕿肈羂薇薈螇膈薃薈羀羈葿薇肂芆蒞薆螂聿芁薅襖芄薀薄羆肇蒆蚃聿芃莂螞螈肅羋螞袁芁膄蟻肅肄薂蝕螃荿蒈蠆裊膂莄蚈羇莈芀蚇聿膀蕿螆蝿羃蒅螆袁腿莁螅羄羈芇螄螃膇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螁肀肈莄螁螀芃芀袀袂肆薈衿羅節(jié)蒄袈肇肅莀袇袇芀莆蒄罿膃節(jié)蒃肁莈薁蒂螁膁蕆蒁袃莇莃薀羅腿艿蕿肈羂薇薈螇膈薃薈羀羈葿薇肂芆蒞薆螂聿芁薅襖芄薀薄羆肇蒆蚃聿芃莂螞螈肅羋螞袁芁膄蟻肅肄薂蝕螃荿蒈蠆裊膂莄蚈羇莈芀蚇聿膀蕿螆蝿羃蒅螆袁腿莁螅羄羈芇螄螃膇芃螃袆肀薂螂羈芅蒈螁肀肈莄螁螀芃芀袀袂肆薈衿羅節(jié)蒄袈肇肅莀袇袇芀莆蒄