高中英語短文改錯總結(jié)

1、高中英語短文改錯寫作訓(xùn)練（一）教學(xué)指導(dǎo) 短文改錯是高考寫作中的一部分，文體大都是記敘文，旨在測試考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷和糾正錯誤的能力。它要求考生具有詞法、句法和在語篇中綜合運(yùn)用英語的能力，因此考點(diǎn)綜合性強(qiáng)，覆蓋面廣，錯項(xiàng)設(shè)置類型多，是歷年高考英語中的難題。為了提高做短文改錯題的能力，除了要加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)知識的積累、提高語篇的整體理解能力之外，還應(yīng)該對其錯項(xiàng)設(shè)置的基本情況有所了解，以便做到目標(biāo)明確，有的放矢，從而提高解題的正確率。短文改錯要從從語法和邏輯的角度，用口訣的形式，向同學(xué)們介紹高考英語短文改錯中最常見的幾類錯誤1. 常見謂語動詞錯誤類型有 一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時錯用； and 前后動詞時態(tài)不一致;

2、 主謂不一致; 缺少動詞,特別是be動詞; 第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯用; 主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)錯用。1） They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.（did 改為do 錯誤類型屬于 ）2） As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting 改為 visited錯誤類型屬于)3） There will an important gam

3、e next month.(will后加be錯誤類型屬于)4）One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.( 主謂不一致,was應(yīng)為were)2. 名詞的常見錯誤：單復(fù)數(shù)名詞錯用；注意區(qū)分名詞是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)；或根據(jù)名詞前的修飾語或謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來判斷。 Ill get good marks in all my subject.（subject 改為subjects） Their word were a great encouragement to me.（word 改為words） Wit

4、hout enough knowledges, you can never teach well.（knowledges是不可數(shù)名詞，改為knowledge）3. 連詞錯誤 連詞包括關(guān)系代詞、從屬連詞和并列連詞and/ or/but等（一般考查從句關(guān)系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ） I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei. (錯用了who的所有格形式改為whose) I teach them, play with them, but watch them grow

5、ing up.(此處應(yīng)該是并列的關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)折，but改為 and) Clever as she is, but she works very hard.（已經(jīng)有連詞as ,所以去掉but）4. 冠詞錯誤：誤用a和an（根據(jù)單詞的因素來判定）；誤用a 和the（固定搭配，各自單獨(dú)使用的地方） 多余冠詞或缺少冠詞。 We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改為the the same 是固定搭配) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of pants.（mount

6、ain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞，所以加 a ） I hope you have pleasant journey.（一次愉快的旅行，所以pleasant前加a)5. 形容詞和副詞錯誤1) 系動詞后用形容詞（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性動詞 smell /feel）2) 詞性的誤用 形容詞修飾名詞 副詞修飾 實(shí)義動詞，形容詞和副詞，過去分詞用副詞修飾 Im sure well have a wonderfully time together.（time是名詞 所以要用形容詞wonderful修飾） My pronunciation was terribly.(

7、作表語要用形容詞terrible)6. 代詞錯誤 1）代詞的主格和賓格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them ）2）反身代詞（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）3）代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)4）多余的代詞和少代詞 Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (express oneself, me 改為 myself ) One

8、 day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (在to 前加it) If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out.（other應(yīng)為others） Whats more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him.（him應(yīng)為them）7. 非謂語動詞的常見錯誤1）不定式，動名詞作主語，賓語。2）and 連接的不定式

9、或動名詞前后一致（尤其距離較遠(yuǎn)時），3）介詞后用動名詞ving形式作賓語。4）某些動詞后要求接動名詞或不定式。 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was. (enjoy 后需接動名詞 talk-talking) But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主語 改為 going ) Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy

10、themselves.(read應(yīng)為reading)8. 介詞錯誤1）詞組中的介詞誤用，2）介詞意思理解偏差，3）介詞的多用或少用 There are too many people among my family.（among 改為 in my family 為固定搭配） I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （去掉 at ）此外，還有一些錯誤是固定搭配中的錯誤，需要同學(xué)們在日常學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累固定短語。短文改錯解題步驟1） 通讀全文，掌握大意 2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反復(fù)通讀，

11、復(fù)查驗(yàn)證注意：短文改錯中“一致性”問題：1、主謂一致 2、時態(tài)與語態(tài)的一致 3、代詞先后指代一致 4、名詞數(shù)的一致 5、平行結(jié)構(gòu)中的一致 6、全文寫作邏輯語義一致我去探險(xiǎn)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中有十處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處增加一個漏字符號（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改:在錯詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2. 只允許修改10處，多著(從11處起)不計(jì)分.Dear Sir, I'm writing to

12、talk about the problems of food safety nowadays.In order to reducing the cost and make more profits， some food companies don't take necessary safety measure to guarantee the food quality.As a result of ,more and more low-quality food flows into the market,do a lot of harm to consumers' health .In myOpinion, food are essential to human beings. We can not live withoutproperly food.If no notice were taken of food safety, the health o