專四語(yǔ)法第1節(jié)-語(yǔ)法基本概念

1、第一節(jié) 語(yǔ)法基本概念一 單詞 句子都是由單詞組成的。英語(yǔ)單詞可根據(jù)詞類或詞性Parts of Speech分類如下：名詞 Noun 代詞Pronoun動(dòng)詞Verb 形容詞Adjective數(shù)詞 Numeral 副詞 Adverb實(shí)詞Notional Word冠詞 Article 介詞 Preposition連詞 Conjunction 感慨詞 Interjection虛詞Form Word二 短語(yǔ) 具有一定意義但不構(gòu)成從句或句子的一組詞，叫做短語(yǔ)Phrase。短語(yǔ)的種類很多，除了名詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞短語(yǔ)、副詞短語(yǔ)外，還有不定式短語(yǔ)Gerundial Phrase、分詞短語(yǔ)Particip

2、ial Phrase、介詞短語(yǔ)Prepositional Phrase、獨(dú)立短語(yǔ)Absolute Phrase等。三 句子 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是句子的必要成分之一。由于動(dòng)詞有5種不同的種類，故構(gòu)成5種不同的基本劇情Basic Patterns of Sentences。1. 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞Every minute counts. 分秒必爭(zhēng)。2. 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)You should look out for pickpockets. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)提防扒手。3. 主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)Truth is the daughter of time. 時(shí)間見(jiàn)真理。4. 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)Please

3、 pass me the dictionary. 請(qǐng)把字典遞給我。5. 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只用功不玩耍，聰明的孩子也變傻。 四 句子成分必須的成分：主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)可能有的成分：賓語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、修飾語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)1. 主語(yǔ)（1） 主語(yǔ)Subject一般在句子開(kāi)頭，是句子的“陳述對(duì)象”，通常由名詞、代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或從句、引用充當(dāng)。如：The students all love their English teacher. 這些學(xué)生都喜歡他們的英語(yǔ)老師。They go to schoo

4、l by bus. 他們乘公共汽車上學(xué)。Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看太多電視對(duì)你的眼睛是有害的。What we need is a good rest. 我們需要的是好好休息一下。“I love you”is often heard on Valentines Day. 情人節(jié)時(shí)，經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到有人說(shuō)“我愛(ài)你”。（2） 形式主語(yǔ)與真實(shí)主語(yǔ)Formal Subject and Real Subject主語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或分句時(shí)，常會(huì)放在句尾，用it代替它原來(lái)的位置，這個(gè)it稱為形式主語(yǔ)，放在句尾的原主語(yǔ)為真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。如：It is v

5、ery hard to get to sleep. 入睡很難。不定式短語(yǔ)為真實(shí)主語(yǔ)，it為形式主語(yǔ)Its a pity that you cant come. 你不能來(lái)真是件遺憾的事。句子為真實(shí)主語(yǔ)，it為形式主語(yǔ)2. 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Object是行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，一般可分為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)，充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的可以使名詞、代詞、名詞化的形容詞、動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)或句子。如：I bought a ticket for Milan. 我買(mǎi)了一張去米蘭的車票。I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你談話很高興。They decided to close the border. 他們決定

6、封閉邊境。A rabbit ran out from under the table. 桌底下跑出來(lái)一只兔子。We hoped that all would come well. 我們希望一切都會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)。【專四真題】In “How much do you think he earns?” how much is _ of the sentence. A. the subject B. the adverbial C. the object D. the complement 譯文：在“How much do you think he earns?”一句中，how much在句子中充當(dāng)什么成分？分

7、析：在這個(gè)句子中，do you think為插入語(yǔ)，在How much he earns中，he是主語(yǔ)，earns是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，引導(dǎo)詞How much作earns的賓語(yǔ)。因此選C。（1） 直接賓語(yǔ)與間接賓語(yǔ)Direct Object and Indirect Object 英語(yǔ)中的授予動(dòng)詞Dative Verb,有“給予”、“告知”、“拒絕”等類似意義的動(dòng)詞要求接雙賓語(yǔ)，即直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)。直接賓語(yǔ)指所給予或告知的“事物”；間接賓語(yǔ)指接受或被告知事物的“人”。間接賓語(yǔ)可置于直接賓語(yǔ)之后，但前面需加介詞to或for。Please show me your passport. 請(qǐng)把護(hù)照給我看一下。

8、(me為間接賓語(yǔ)，your passport 為直接賓語(yǔ)。)The arrangement saved lots of time for us. 這個(gè)安排省了我們很多時(shí)間。lots of time為直接賓語(yǔ)，us為間接賓語(yǔ)。On the bus, he often gives his seat to an old person. 在公共汽車上，他經(jīng)常把座位讓給老人。his seat為直接賓語(yǔ)，an old person為間接賓語(yǔ)。 3 形式賓語(yǔ)與真實(shí)賓語(yǔ)Formal Object and Real Object 作賓語(yǔ)用的短語(yǔ)或從句之后接有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須將用作賓語(yǔ)的短語(yǔ)或從句放在補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之后，用

9、it代替它的原位置；這個(gè)it稱謂形式賓語(yǔ)，放在補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之后的賓語(yǔ)為真實(shí)賓語(yǔ)。如： I think it wrong to waste time. 我認(rèn)為浪費(fèi)時(shí)間是不對(duì)的。不定式短語(yǔ)是真實(shí)賓語(yǔ)，it是形式賓語(yǔ)，wrong是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。3.表語(yǔ) 位置上，表語(yǔ)Predicative總位于系動(dòng)詞之后，與系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成系動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)；意義上，表語(yǔ)通常說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征或狀態(tài)。名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或句子可充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。如： They are brother and sister. 他們是兄妹。What I want to say is this. 我想說(shuō)的就是這個(gè)。This is

10、 what I want to say. 這是我想說(shuō)的。Her father is sixty-five. 她父親65歲。The proof of the Pudding is in the eating. 布丁好不好，吃了才知道。4.補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Complement是起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用的成分，用以彌補(bǔ)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)意義的不足。補(bǔ)語(yǔ)可分為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Subject Complement和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Object Complement,一般由名動(dòng)名詞、形容詞、介副詞、不定式、分詞充當(dāng)。如： They considered that a downright lie. 他們認(rèn)為那是徹頭徹尾的謊話。賓語(yǔ)that的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

11、I found everything in good condition.我看到一切都并然有序。(賓語(yǔ)everything的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)) That man has never been seen to smile.從沒(méi)見(jiàn)那個(gè)人笑過(guò)。(主語(yǔ)that man的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)) Foreigners are called Lao Wai.外國(guó)人被稱為“老外”。(主語(yǔ)Foreigners 的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)) *注意: 后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有call, name, think, make, choose 等，后跟形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)詞有keep, find, get, think, make 等。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，當(dāng)

12、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為感官動(dòng)詞如feel, see, hear, notice, watch, observe, listen to, look at等、使役動(dòng)詞如let, have, make等，動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to。5.定語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ)(Attribute)起修飾限定名詞或代詞的作用,單詞用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般置于所修飾的名詞之前;短語(yǔ)和從句用作定語(yǔ)時(shí),一般置于所修飾的名詞之后。可分為前置定語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)?？捎米鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)的有名詞、形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)、從句等。His father is a doctor.他父親是一名醫(yī)生。Mr. Green has two sons.格林先生有兩個(gè)

13、兒子。The girl under the tree is Kate.在樹(shù)底下的那個(gè)女孩是凱特。The man downstairs couldn't sleep well.樓下的那個(gè)人不能睡好覺(jué)。That's the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法。6.狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)(Adverbial)是用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成分。根據(jù)其作用可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式、程度和伴隨狀語(yǔ)等。如:I often get up at 5:30 in the morning.我常

14、常在早上5:30起床。Pandas only live in China.熊貓僅生活在中國(guó)。You should put the book where it was.你應(yīng)該把這本書(shū)放回原來(lái)的地方。 We'll go to the beach for a picnic this Sunday.這個(gè)星期天我們將去沙灘野炊。It rained heavily, causing severe flooding.大雨滂沱,造成洪水泛濫。7.同位語(yǔ)當(dāng)兩個(gè)指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置,其中一個(gè)句子成分用來(lái)說(shuō)明和解釋另一個(gè)句子成

15、分時(shí)，前者就叫做后者的同位語(yǔ)(Appositive)。同位語(yǔ)一般緊跟在其所說(shuō)明的名詞之后。可以用作同位語(yǔ)的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和句子等。His brother John is a famous musician.他的哥哥約翰是一個(gè)有名的音樂(lè)家。Are you three all right? 你們?nèi)齻€(gè)好了嗎?Their plan, going abroad, did not come true.他們出國(guó)的計(jì)劃沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)。We heard the news that our team had won.我們聽(tīng)到消息說(shuō)我們隊(duì)贏了。Your last question,

16、“Why didn't he speak to us?” can best be answered by you .你的最后一個(gè)問(wèn)題-他為什么不和我們說(shuō)話?-最好由你來(lái)答復(fù)。 【專四真題】All the following sentences have an appositive EXCEPTA. Only one problem still remains-the food.B. She bought herself a pair of new shoes.C. My friends 

17、all understand and support me.D. She liked her current job, teaching English.譯文:下面哪個(gè)句子沒(méi)有同位語(yǔ)成分?分析:A項(xiàng)破折號(hào)后面的the food補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)only one problem,是非限制性同位語(yǔ);C項(xiàng)中的代詞all是my friends的同位語(yǔ);D項(xiàng)逗號(hào)后的動(dòng)名詞teaching English補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明her current job,是它的同位語(yǔ)。B項(xiàng)含有buy sb. sth. 的雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),herself是b

18、ought的間接賓語(yǔ),a pair of shoes是直接賓語(yǔ)，句中沒(méi)有同位語(yǔ)。 五.句子類型1. 從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，句子可分為：(1)簡(jiǎn)單句(Simple Sentence):只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)部分和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)部分。如 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是邁向成功的第一步。(主語(yǔ)Confidence in yourself,系動(dòng)詞is,表語(yǔ)the first step.)(2) 并列句(Compound Sentence):包括兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句，中間常由連詞連接，如:Fields have eyes

19、, and woods have ears.隔墻有耳。(and連接兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句)(3) 復(fù)合句(Complex Sentence): 由主旬(Main/Principal Clause )和從句(Subordinate Cause)構(gòu)成，內(nèi)含一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句。其中，主句是能夠獨(dú)立存在并能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整意思的分句;而從句則是依附主句,在主句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分的分句，一般由連詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞所引導(dǎo)。從句在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等句子成分，主要的從句有:主語(yǔ)從句(Subject Clause),如:What he needs is that book.他需要的是那本書(shū)。

20、表語(yǔ)從句(Predicative Clause),如：Fame and personal gain is what they're after.他們追求的是名利。賓語(yǔ)從句(Object Clause)，如:Have you decided whom you are to nominate as your candidate? 你們已經(jīng)決定了提名誰(shuí)當(dāng)候選人嗎?定語(yǔ)從句(Attributive Clause)，如:This is the thing I want to say.這就是我要說(shuō)的。狀語(yǔ)從旬(Adverbial Claus)，如:Strike while the iron is

21、hot.趁熱打鐵。同位語(yǔ)從句(Appositive Clause)，如:Word came that he had been abroad.據(jù)說(shuō)他已經(jīng)出國(guó)了。(4) 并列復(fù)合句(Compound Complex Sentence):由一個(gè)復(fù)合句和另一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句或復(fù)合句由并列連詞(可用分號(hào)代替and)連接而成的句子。如:The policeman looked at me suspiciously, and he asked me what I wanted.警察狐疑地打量著我，問(wèn)我要干什么。(“簡(jiǎn)單旬+and+復(fù)合句"復(fù)合句中的從句what I wanted 為asked的直接賓語(yǔ),m

22、e 為間接賓語(yǔ))2.從說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話的目的來(lái)看,句子可分為:(1) 陳述句(Declarative Sentence)用來(lái)表達(dá)事實(shí)或表達(dá)意見(jiàn)，句尾永遠(yuǎn)是句號(hào)。如 ： I saw him just now.我剛剛看見(jiàn)他了。(肯定)History will not repeat itself.歷史不會(huì)重演。(否認(rèn))(2)疑問(wèn)句(Interrogative Sentence)用來(lái)提出疑間，句尾永遠(yuǎn)是問(wèn)號(hào)。如:Did you see him just now? 你剛剛見(jiàn)到他了嗎?(3)祈使句(Imperative Sentence)用無(wú)to不定式作動(dòng)詞，表示請(qǐng)求，命令、允許等

23、，句尾通常是句號(hào)，但有時(shí)也用感慨號(hào)表示指令不可違抗。祈使句中的主語(yǔ)是you時(shí),經(jīng)常省略，也可將是you或其他說(shuō)話對(duì)象說(shuō)出來(lái)表區(qū)分，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不可添加s。如:Please come in.請(qǐng)進(jìn)來(lái)。(表允許)Dont touch it.不要?jiǎng)铀?表命令)Everybody stand up.每一個(gè)人請(qǐng)起立。(stand不可用stands)Nobody move! 不許動(dòng)。(move不可用moves)(4感慨句(Exclamatory Sentence)表示強(qiáng)烈感情或情緒的句子稱為感慨句,句尾常用感慨號(hào)! 常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有:what(a/an)+a.

24、+n.(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分);how +a./ad.(+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))。也可以用how dare/dared (+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))表示說(shuō)話人的憤怒。除此，口語(yǔ)中還可以用陳述句、祈使旬、疑問(wèn)句表達(dá)感慨。如:What a beautiful voice she has!=How beautiful a voice she has!她嗓子多好??！How smart she is! 她多么聰明啊!How dare you open my letters! 你竟敢拆我的信!配套練習(xí)：1. In “

25、what do you think will be discussed in the meeting next week?”, the italicized word is Of the sentence.A. the subject B. the complement C. an object D. an attribute2. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object complement?A. Have you got everything ready for your journey?B. Dont mar

26、ried young.C. This fruit can be eaten raw.D. Alone and broke, Hamas struggles to rule.3. In the sentence “She walks out of the house, followed by a little boy”, the past participle is used asA. an attribute B. an adverbial C. a complement. D. a predicative4. In the sentence “His ambition to become a

27、n astronaut deserve our support”, the italicized part is used asB. an attribute B. an appositive C. a complement D. an adverbial5. The following sentences have an indirect object EXCEPTA. Our teacher tells us some stories.B. Mr. Smith gave a watch to me.C. My grandma told him the truth last night.D.

28、 We consider him to be a good teacher.6. All of the following sentences have an appositive EXCEPTA. My wife herself has begun her own business.B. This word, dyeing, is often misspelled.C. Her book Color and Design was published last week.D. Health, and not money, is what I want.7. Which of the follo

29、wing infinitives(不定式)functions as an adverbial?A. Her chief desire is to educate her child well.B. He woke up to find everybody gone.C. I have nothing to say on this question.D. He asked me to talk about English study.8. In the sentence “He has a wish to travel round the whole country”, the italiciz

30、ed part is C. an attribute B. an adverbial C. a complement D. an appositive 9. In “I saw a thief stealing something”, the italicized part isA. A predicative B. an attribute. C. a complement D. an adverbial10. In the sentence “The basket full of some fruits belongs to the old woman”, the italicized p

31、art is A. an appositive B. an attribute C. an adverbial D. an object11. Which of the following contains an adverbial of cause?A. He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.B. To draw the map properly, you need a special pen.C. For all her wealth, she never wastes money on luxury goods.

32、D. With all this work to do, I dont know whether I can go out.12. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete “ the teacher came”?A. Often B. Nearly C. Eventually D. Almost13. In the sentence “He did everything possible to help us”, the italicized word is used to modifyA. The subjectB.

33、The predicateC. The objectD. The infinitive phrase 14. In “How much do you think she drinks?” how much is of the sentence.A. the subject B. the object C. the complement D. the adverbial15. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. What delightful weather we are having!B. How empty and pedanti

34、c a thinker he is!C. What shame to deceive the girl!D. How sunny the weather is!16. In “He will come to learn driving from you”, the infinitive indicatesA. causeB. purposeC. resultD. direction17. In “We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families”, “for” is used to indicateA. purposeB. cau

35、seC. directionD. result18. Which of the following sentences has a formal subject?A. It was 5 oclock when he come here.B. It is no use trying it again.C. It was yesterday that I met her.D. I find it easy to get on with her.19. In “She felt sick from tiredness”, the italicized word is used to indicate

36、A. comparisonB. purposeC. causeD. direction20. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. I will buy you a present. B. Mum gave me a necklace.C. Im going to paint it pink.D. Tom is teaching children Japanese.21. Which of the following italicized parts explains PURPOSE?A. He is such

37、 an honest man that we all believe in him.B. Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air.C. I returned home in a hurry, only to find my house broken into.D. He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.22. In the sentence “Its no use crying over spilt milk”, the italicized p

38、hrase is?A. an adverbialB. a complementC. the objectD. the subject23. Which of the following italicized parts explains CAUSE?A. The temperature varies from 30 degrees to minus 20.B. I work hard so as to get promoted.C. For all his efforts, he didnt pass the exam.D. I was frightened at the terrible s

39、ight.24. The sentence that expresses COMPLAINT isA. How did you find the new product?B. Dont you like playing badminton?C. When will you go this weekend?D. Couldnt you be a little bit quiet?25. In “Can you show me your photo？”, the italicized part is the of the sentence.A. object complementB. direct

40、 objectC. subject complementD. indirect object26. Which of the following prepositional phrases is used as attributive?A. Just make yourself at home.B. He arrived after me.C. Hand me the book on the desk.D. My busiest time is from nine to ten.27. All the following sentences have a passive meaning EXC

41、EPTA. We must be prepared for the worst.B. How did the window get broken.C. A note was passed up to the speaker.D. I wont have my house turned into a hotel.28. In the sentence “This beautiful village remains unknown to the rest of the world”, the italicized word is A. an objectB. an attributeC. a pr

42、edicativeD. a complement29. Which of the following reflective pronouns functions as an appositive?A. She prided herself on her cooking.B. I havent been myself for weeks.C. He travelled to London by himself.D. She wanted to see Tom himself.30. All of the following italicized parts are used as a subje

43、ct EXCEPTA. It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.B. It is no good reading without full understanding.C. We consider it our duty to obey the regulations.D. It is important that we should guarantee the quality of the products.31. The object in the sentence “She wishes to learn Eng

44、lish from you” is A. sheB. EnglishC. from youD. to learn English from you32Which of the italicized parts functions as a subject? 12-57AWe never doubt that her brother is honestBThe problem is not who will go but who will stayCYou must give it back to whoever it belongs to. DIt is clear that the crim

45、e was done deliberately33In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is_. 10-61 A. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject34. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? A. The arrival of the tourists B. The l

46、aw of Newton C. The occupation of the island D. The plays of Oscar Wilde 35. Which of the following reflexive pronouns used as an object? 14-60 A. I spoke to the president himself. B. You must pull yourself together. C. Linda herself will play the violin D. Frank is not quite himself today. 36. In &

47、quot;How much do you think he earns?",“how much” is _ of the sentence. 09-64 A. the subject B. the adverbial C. the object D. the complement37. In the sentence "The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning", the italicized word is used to modify _. 11-62A. the objectB. the verbC

48、. the subjectD. the prepositional phrase38. Which of the following italicized parts indicates a predicate-object relationship? A. He was reading Marys Letter in the room. B. You can buy mens shoes in this shop. C. Mrs. Blakes passport was lost. D. The enemys defeat brought the war to an end. 39. Whi

49、ch of the following italicized parts is used as an object complement? 14-53 A. The front door remained locked. B. The boy looked disappointed. C. Nancy appeared worried. D. He seemed to have no money left. 40. Which of the following reflexive pronouns (反身代詞) is used as an appositive同位語(yǔ).A. He promise

50、d himself rapid progress B. The manager herself will interview Mary. C. I have nothing to say for myself.D. They quarreled themselves red in face. 41. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主語(yǔ)從句)? 11-60A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the

51、 fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.42.Which of the following italicized parts modifies an adverb? 1462 A. Do it right now. B. That was a very funny film. C. I rat

52、her like my teacher. D. We walked about 6 miles. 43. Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial? 12-62 AAre you sure of Simon's disappearance? BThe man with a beard is talking to the manager.CEvery precaution was taken against the failure of the planDDespite the ra

53、in, everyone enjoyed the trip44.Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause? 12-61AI got a job as soon as I left universityBAs there was no answer, I wrote again CYou must do the exercises as I show youDWealthy as he is，Mark is not a happy man45.Which of the following

54、 is a compound word (復(fù)合詞)?  _.  13-53 A. Nonsmoker.  B. Deadline.C. Meanness. D. Misfit.  46.The following are all dynamic verbs(動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞) EXCEPT  _.    13-65A.

55、0;remain.  B. turn.  C. write.   D. knock.  47. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?  _.  1362 A. Let me drive you home, shall I?  B. You will mind you