2016年初二英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的講解及習(xí)題答案

1、成都少年時(shí)教育 勸君莫惜金縷衣 勸君惜取少年時(shí)周末重難點(diǎn) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的講解和練習(xí)題一、 構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ) + have/has + 過(guò)去分詞+其他否定式:主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他。疑問(wèn)式: Have /Has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他?簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ): (肯定)Yes, 主語(yǔ) + have/has. (否定)No, 主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't.(否定)二、 用法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)既涉及過(guò)去，又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在（一）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,也可表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常與just（剛剛

2、），already（已經(jīng)），never（從來(lái)沒(méi)有），ever（曾經(jīng)），before（以前），yet（仍然，還），once（一次），twice（兩次），many times（很多次），how many times（多少次），so far（迄今為止），up to now ,till now 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：副詞的位置：just常用于肯定句中，放在have / has后，He has just come .never表示否定,放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall.ever用于疑問(wèn)句中,句型為: Have / Has主語(yǔ)ever 過(guò)去

3、分詞？“曾經(jīng)過(guò)嗎？”用于詢問(wèn)某人過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷。 Have you ever been to the farm？before用于句末， The woman has never heard of that before.yet用于句末或not之后. Has the train arrived yet? No, not yet.already用于肯定句, have / has之后或句末.We have already finished it.so far用于句首或句末. So far, we have visited the moon.（二）：表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：

4、for表示一段時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ) I have taught English for 19 years。since表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ) He has been at this schoolsince 1986.since表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 I have lived here since I was born.since一段時(shí)間ago. I have known him since 20 years ago.三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中可以和表示一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（for，since，how long, all ones life）連用的動(dòng)詞必須用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（肯定句）。如：be，have，know，live，wor

5、k，study，learn，teach，keep，speak，talk，draw，wait，wear，walk，sleep，drive，write，do，clean等。Eg. I have been a teacher for nearly 20 years. How long has he lived here?常見(jiàn)終止性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換形式如下:1、borrow / lendkeep, 2、buyhave, 3、finish / endbe over, 4、begin / startbe on 5、openbe open 6、 closebe closed, 7、diebe de

6、ad8、arrive /come / go / move / reach /get tobe in /at / be here /be there,9、leavebe away（from） 10、go to schoolbe in school / be a student, 11、get upbe up, 12、fall asleepbe asleep 13、fall illbe ill 14、get to knowknow, 15、losebe lost 16、becomebe 17、begin to studystudy,18、return / come back / get backb

7、e back 19、joinbe in / be amember,20、join the armybe in the army /be a soldier 21、receive / get a letterhave a letter 22、 catch / get a coldhave a coldEg. 他參軍已有三年.He has joined the army for three years.（錯(cuò)）改為:He has been in the army for three years / since three years ago.Hehas been a soldier for thre

8、e years / since three years ago.四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題1. have been to和have gone to的區(qū)have been to強(qiáng)調(diào)“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)”，現(xiàn)已不在那里，已經(jīng)回來(lái)了have gone to主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“去了”，可能在去的途中，或在去的目的地。2. have been to和have been in的區(qū)別have been to強(qiáng)調(diào)人“已回到原地”，后面可接表示“次數(shù)”的狀語(yǔ)。have been in表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)練習(xí)題I. Fill in the blanks with the

9、proper form.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.6. So far I _(make) quite a

10、 few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came

11、in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere? II. Choose the best answer. ( )1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _what's happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know ( )2、He has

12、_ been to Shanghai , has he ? . already .never .ever . still ( )3、Have you met Mr Li _？ . just . ago .before . a moment ago ( )4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written ( )5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . .

13、has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better ( )6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying ( )7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew ( )8、Harry Pott

14、er is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see ( )9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone ( )10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished . Have ;

15、done ; finished . Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish ( )11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in ( ) 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made ( )13、How long have you _ her

16、e ? About two months . . been . gone . come . arrived ( ) 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began ( )15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . is . has . will . was ( )16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_ to the library . .has gone . went

17、.will go . has been ( )17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to . have been ( )18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they ( )19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How s

18、oon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived ( )20、 His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university ( )21. How long have you _ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been( )22. My grandpa died _. A. at the age o

19、f my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.( )23. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been( )24. It is ten years _ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that( )25.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I _ her several ti

20、mes.A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet( )26. -What a nice dress! How long _ you _ it? -Just 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had( )27.-Do you know Lydia very well? -Yes, She and I _ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have tu

21、rned( )28. The Smiths _ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live( )29. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?- Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to( )30. -_ you ever _ to the US? - Yes, twice. A. Have, gone

22、 B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences. 1. I have been to Macau before. (改為否定句)  I _ _ been to Macau before.2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改寫(xiě))    I _ just _ a new bike.4. W

23、e began to learn English three years ago.(改為同義句) We _ _English _three years5. He has never surfed, _ _? （改成反意疑問(wèn)句） 6. They have been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _have they been here?7. The old man _ last year. He has _ _for a year. (die) （動(dòng)詞填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Miss Gao has _ _ _

24、an hour ago.四、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各種形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ his country.2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back.4) How long _ they _ this village?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6) _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7) I _ this sch

25、ool since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _ to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ there before.11) Where _ you _ now? - I _ to the zoo.12) He often _ swimming.13) _ you _ there last year?14) _ they often _ skating in winter?五、 用never,

26、ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”參考答案： 一、單項(xiàng)選擇。 1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作還未結(jié)束，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)，重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。這種考查難度較大，往