非謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

1、The passive voice of non-infinite The window is broken. The window was broken by the naughty boy. Look at the sentences.Is this a passive sentence?當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；如果主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，動(dòng)詞語態(tài)；如果主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，動(dòng)詞用被動(dòng)語態(tài)用被動(dòng)語態(tài) 。 常見時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：常見時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am / is / are done一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：was / were

2、 done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am / is / are being done過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was / were being done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have / has been done過去完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)：had been done一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：shall / will be done; be going to be done當(dāng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為當(dāng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為 can / may/ must / have to be donePassive voice of infinitive：當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語

3、是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，一般要用不定式的被動(dòng)時(shí)，一般要用不定式的被動(dòng)式。式。1.Its an honour (for me ) to be invited to the ceremony. Its an honour (for me ) to invite you to the ceremony. 2. She didnt like to be treated as a child. She didnt like to treat the boy as a child. 不定式的被動(dòng)式在句中作什么成分不定式的被動(dòng)式在句中作什么成分作主語作主語作主語作主語作賓

4、語作賓語作賓語作賓語3. His dream was to be admitted to a good university. She doesnt seem to like the idea.4. There are a lot of problems to be discussed. We have a lot of problems to discuss.作表語作表語作定語作定語5. Parents greatly encourage their children to join the club. The shopkeeper saw a thief slip into the sto

5、re.A thief was seen to slip into the store by the shopkeeper. Im glad to be made chairman.Im glad to have made him our chairman. 作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)作主補(bǔ)作主補(bǔ)作原因狀語作原因狀語6. She was sent there to be trained for the space flight.She was sent there to train the spacemen for the space flight. Those fans hurried to t

6、he airport, only to be told that the idol had left.Those fans hurried to the airport, only to find that the idol had left. 目的狀語目的狀語結(jié)果狀語結(jié)果狀語辨析：辨析：1. Do you have anything to wash today? (to wash的邏輯主語為句子的主語的邏輯主語為句子的主語you) 你今天要洗什么嗎？你今天要洗什么嗎？2. Do you have anything to be washed? (to be washed不是不是you做，而是由

7、做，而是由“我我”或其他人來做或其他人來做)你有什么要其他人洗的嗎？你有什么要其他人洗的嗎？不定式有時(shí)要用不定式有時(shí)要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1. . 在在There be/ seemThere be/ seem+ +主語主語+to do+to do表表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 Theres not enough food to eat. 沒有足夠的食物吃。沒有足夠的食物吃。Theres no chair to sit on. 沒有椅子坐。沒有椅子坐。2.2.在在形容詞以及含有形容詞的名詞形容詞以及含

8、有形容詞的名詞后的不定式，一般用主動(dòng)形式表示后的不定式，一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，被動(dòng)意義，其中形容詞常見的有其中形容詞常見的有easy, difficult, important, easy, difficult, important, impossibleimpossible等。等。The work is impossible to finish in two days.= It is impossible to finish the work in two days.3. 在一些固定用法，如在一些固定用法，如“挨罵，受責(zé)備，挨罵，受責(zé)備，受批評(píng)受批評(píng)” 用用be to blame；“（

9、東西（東西等）出租等）出租”用用to let。(to blame/to let 作表語）作表語） He is to blame for what he has done. 他應(yīng)為他所做的受責(zé)備。他應(yīng)為他所做的受責(zé)備。 The house is to let. 房子要出租。房子要出租。 passive voice of ving: 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)式形式的被動(dòng)式, 其構(gòu)成為其構(gòu)成為 “being+done”. 如果動(dòng)詞如果動(dòng)詞-ing形式的形式的邏輯主語為所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，邏輯主語為所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式要用被動(dòng)語態(tài).動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)式

10、在各句中作什么成分形式的被動(dòng)式在各句中作什么成分?1. So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence.2. He didnt mind being left at home. 3. That building being repaired is our library.4. Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe. 5. Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip awa

11、y?作主語作主語作賓語作賓語作定語作定語作狀語作狀語作狀語作狀語George didnt like being kept waiting. I am not interested in the topic being discussed. The decision having been made was how to make a good plan. He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher. 作賓語作賓語作定語作定語作定語作定語作賓語作賓語Its a pleasure being invited to the party. Being o

12、ffered such a good chance was luck. What I hate most is being looked down upon. Our task is cleaning the canteen. 作主語作主語作主語作主語作表語作表語作表語作表語The present situation is inspiring. He often watched the boats being unloaded. As we approached the village we saw new houses being built. 作表語作表語作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)*Bein

13、g badly wounded, the whale soon died. *Having been told many times, she still made the same mistake. *Seeing from the hill, we found the small village beautiful. *Children rushed out, laughing.*Her husband died, leaving her a big fortune and a daughter. 原因狀語原因狀語讓步狀語讓步狀語時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語伴隨狀語伴隨狀語結(jié)果狀語結(jié)果狀語He nea

14、rly got hit by a car.The old couple were shocked at the news. Go and get your hair cut. The old man had his wallet stolen.Can you make yourself understood?表語表語表語表語賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)He is a man loved by all.=He is a man who is loved by all. The bridge built needs repairing.=The bridge which/that has been built needs repairing. Frustrated, he returned to his homeland. 定語定語定語定語原因狀語原因狀語Given more time, I could do it better. Though told many times, the boy wouldnt quit smoking. Seen from the hill, the churc