過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)

1、Grammar Unit2 過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)用法歸納英語中過去分詞可作賓補(bǔ)，即：過去分詞放在賓語（名詞或代詞）后面作補(bǔ)語，構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，（此時(shí)的過去分詞一般是及物動(dòng)詞）表被動(dòng)意義或完成意義，有時(shí)兩者兼而有之。做賓補(bǔ)的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即賓語是過去分詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。1） 表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。如：see, watch, observe, find, hear, feel, notice, 等。We saw the thief caught by the police. People found the water polluted.Have you heard a

2、pop song sung in English?I heard my name called.The rich man felt himself cheated.We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops. 我們可以聽到大雨敲打窗戶的聲音。I observed all the rooms broken into.注意：see, hear, watch, notice 等動(dòng)詞后既可以加 v-ing 也可以用do（不帶to的不定式）,還可以跟 done， 但三者之間有區(qū)別: 用 v-ing 表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,即發(fā)生的過程還沒有結(jié)束

3、; 用do強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過程，即動(dòng)作全過程結(jié)束了,用 done 表示賓語與賓補(bǔ)之間時(shí)被動(dòng)的關(guān)系I saw her come into the classroom.我看到他進(jìn)了教室。I saw her coming into the classroom.我看他正在走進(jìn)教室。I saw her taken out of the classroom.我看到她被帶出了教室。2）表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞。如：have, make, get等。 如：make sth. done:讓被make oneself done. 讓某人自己被.或( 讓別人)get sth. donehave sth. done溫馨

4、提示：讓某人做某事 :have sb. do sth./ get sb. to do sth. We have made our views known to them.我們已經(jīng)使他們知道了我們的觀點(diǎn)。 As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult to make himself understood. Ill have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理發(fā)。 He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。They managed to make themselv

5、es understood using very simple English.we will make ourselves understood in one day.He stood on the bench to make himself seen when he made an announcement.The little girl cried out to make herself noticed by the passers-by.Speak a little louder to make yourself heard.說話大聲一點(diǎn)，讓我們都能聽到。3)表保持某種狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：ke

6、ep, leave等。keep /leave + n. /pron. + p.p Dont leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。We mustnt leave the work unfinished. 我們不能讓工作半途而廢。Please keep me informed of the latest news.請(qǐng)隨時(shí)把最新消息告訴我。Keep your eyes closed for a moment.閉上眼睛一會(huì)兒。They kept the door locked for a long time.溫馨提示：使役動(dòng)詞have接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的3種

7、情況。 a) 過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由他人完成。 等于get sth. done They are having their house painted. 他們正在請(qǐng)人油漆房屋。 b) 過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句子的主語完成或句子的主語可能參與。等于get sth. doneI must have/get my homework finished first before going out to play.在出去玩之前，我一定得把我的作業(yè)完成。We must have/get the task finished by Monday.我們必須在星期一以前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。c) 過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句

8、中的主語所經(jīng)歷（主語遭遇某種不幸）。如： He had his leg broken.他的腿斷了。 He had his money stolen.他的錢給偷了。（被別人偷去了）4）表“希望，要求，命令”的動(dòng)詞： want, wish, expect, would like, order+ (to be) doneI want the work (to be) finished by Sunday.Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned. I wish the problem settled at once.I would like my house (to

9、be) painted white.5)with 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)“with 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞 with的賓語補(bǔ)足語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。例如： The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。（表方式） With water heated, we can see the steam. If water is heated, we can see the steam.水一被加熱，我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣。（表?xiàng)l件） With t

10、he matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因） She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注視著他。They left without a dish touched. He left the office with the door unlocked.With everything well arranged, he left the office. 注意：with+賓語（名詞或代詞）+賓補(bǔ)(adj. /adv./介詞短語/v-ing

11、/ v-ed/to do)with sth. to do :有某事要做（表將來，不能用with sth. to be done）With all the problems solved, he felt relaxed.With all the problems to solve, the new president will have a hard time.With all the noise going on, I couldnt concentrate on my study.練習(xí)：1）He likes to sleep with the window_.(窗戶開著) open2）He

12、 likes to sleep with the lights_.(燈開著）on 3）He likes to sleep with his hands _.(手放在胸前）on the chest4）He likes to sleep with the bedroom_.（鎖著）locked5）He likes to sleep with the fire _.（火爐燃燒著）burning6）With much work _(do) today, he hurried to the company. to do注意：在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)賓語為某一身體部位，且作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，身體部位通常是過

13、去分詞的邏輯賓語，因而過去分詞不可換用現(xiàn)在分詞。e.g. She sat on the sofa, with her attention fixed on her novel. 當(dāng)用某些不及物動(dòng)詞的分詞形式作身體部位的賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。e.g. :She felt her heart beating fast. 練習(xí)：1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.A. carry out B. carrying C. carried out D. to carry outcarry

14、 out：實(shí)施（計(jì)劃），履行（義務(wù)、約定），進(jìn)行（實(shí)驗(yàn)）2. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees_ around out school.A. plant B. planted c. planting D. being planted3. She was glad to see her child well _ care of.A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking4. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the p

15、ublic until last Thursday.A. knowing B known C. to know D. to be known5. He found them _ at table_.A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess6. I can make you _ what I say, but you cant make yourself _ in English.A. understand; understand B. unde

16、rstand; understoodC. to understand; understand D. understand; to be understood7.Mrs. Brown was very disappointed to see the washing machine she had had_ went wrong again.A. it B. it repairedC. repaired D. to be repaired8. Is this the recorder you want _?A. to have repaired B. to repaired C. to have

17、it repaired D. it repaired9.She was disappointed to find her suggestion _. A. turning down B. to be turned down C. turned down D. to turn down turn down:拒絕10.As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flower _by her mother. A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D. bought 11.The

18、 director had her assistant some hot dogs for the meeting. A. picked upB. picks up C. pick up D. picking uppick up：開車去接某人 ； 接收，收聽（廣播）；（偶然）學(xué)會(huì)；（廉價(jià)地）買到；（健康等）恢復(fù)；拿起；購買；收拾，整理12.She wants her paintings in the gallery, but we dont think they would be very popular. A. display B. to display C. displaying D. d

19、isplayedgallery ：'gælri 畫廊，美術(shù)館13.She doesnt want the children _ out in such weather.A. take                    B. to take    C. taken         

20、;          D. taking14.Can you have the washing-machine _ to my house?A. send B. to send C. sent D. sending15. - Good morning. Can I help you? - I'd like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. weigh D. weighed 16. Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles.A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized recognize：認(rèn)定，認(rèn)可 in the medical circles:在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域17. John rushed out in a hurry, _ the door_.b1|E6&%0A. left; unlocked