高中英語語法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞公開課課件復(fù)習(xí)過程

1、高中英語語法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞公開課高中英語語法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞公開課課件課件1. Ability （能力）（能力）2. Obligation （義務(wù)）（義務(wù)）3. Certainty （可能性）（可能性）4. Permission （允許）（允許）5. Make requests（提出請(qǐng)求）（提出請(qǐng)求）6. Make suggestions（提出建議）（提出建議）7. Make offers（提供幫助）（提供幫助）8. Give advice（提出意見）（提出意見）1.Ability (能力能力):Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds

2、.can/could:1. can 一般表示與生俱來的能力或一般表示與生俱來的能力或者一種客觀可能性者一種客觀可能性,還可以表示請(qǐng)還可以表示請(qǐng)求和允許求和允許 。Learning English _ be difficult.canMan can not live without air. _ I use your bike?Cancan/could:2.在疑問句中，用在疑問句中，用could可表示請(qǐng)可表示請(qǐng)求，語氣較委婉。求，語氣較委婉。 _I have the television on? Yes, you _. / No, you _CouldHe asks if he _ smoke

3、here.couldcan/maycant/Im afraid notcan/could:3.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中） Hes such a nice person that he _ commit the crime. cant你怎么會(huì)如此地粗心！你怎么會(huì)如此地粗心！ How can you be so careless! Can this be true? can/could:4. can never/canttoo表示表示“無論怎樣無論怎樣也不過分也不過分”，“越越越越好好” 。你

4、過馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過。你過馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過。 You cant be too careful while crossing the road. can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:Edison always wondered why hens could hatch (孵孵) chickens while he was not able to.Question: Are the two modal verbs interchangeable (互換互換) ? If not, why?can表示表示或或，而，而be able to更加強(qiáng)調(diào)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)或者或者，能做到的事情。能做到的事

5、情。can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別: A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.was able to2. She _ speak both English and French.canIm so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day! 2.Obligation (義務(wù)義務(wù)):yet he must work hard to win the gold medal.Alth

6、ough Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle raceadvisabilitynecessityought to/shouldhave tomustYour mother brings you up and takes good care of you, so when she is old, you _ look after her in return. A.can B.may C.have to D.must Shi Dongpeng might win a medal at the Olympic Games.Although the chance of w

7、inning a medal is small, Ill try my best! 3.Certainty (可能性可能性) :very uncertainalmost certainmightshouldmustmaycouldought towill1.He _ be at home.2.He _ be at home, for he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago.A.may B.might C.must A.may B.might C.must (can)must 表示肯定的猜測(cè)，譯為表示肯定的猜測(cè)，譯為“一定一定”，不能用于否定

8、句或疑問句。不能用于否定句或疑問句。This must be your pen.He must be doing his homework now.He must have arrived already.mustmust2. 表示表示“堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持”（常用于固定句型：（常用于固定句型：if you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事）如果你非得要做某事）如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。If you must leave, do it quietly.They_ be doing the experiment in the lab.Why？Because th

9、e lights are still burning.A.could B.can C.must D.would 4.Permission (允許允許):May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal?may/might:1. 表示許可。表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，表示許可。表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，might比比may的語氣更委婉一些。的語氣更委婉一些。 Might/May I use your computer? Yes, you can. /No, you cant/mustnt. may/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推測(cè)、可能（只用于肯定

10、句，表示推測(cè)、可能（只用于肯定句，疑問句則要用疑問句則要用can或或could）。）。 祝你成功！祝你成功！ May you succeed. He may be very busy now. May you be happy all your life. 5.Making requests (提出要求提出要求):Can you help me with my training?I dont know how to use this equipment! will can could wouldinformalformal6.Making suggestions (提出建議提出建議):Shal

11、l we do the training in the morning?Its too hot to take exercise in the afternoon. shall:1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對(duì)方的意句中，表示說話人征求對(duì)方的意見、向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示或提供幫助見、向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示或提供幫助 。1.Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be allowed to leave hospital? 3.Shall I carry this bag for you?shall:2.Shall用于第二、第三

12、人稱，表用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允示說話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。諾或威脅。 You shall fail if you dont work harder. He shall be punished according to the rule. 等我讀完這本書，就會(huì)給他的。等我讀完這本書，就會(huì)給他的。 He shall have the book when I finish it.警告警告威脅威脅允諾允諾7.Making offers (提供幫助提供幫助):Dont worry, dear, I will wash them right away.Mom, my

13、dirty clothes have been piled up! I dont have timewill/would:1. 表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would比比will委婉客氣。委婉客氣。sentence pattern Would you pleaseWould you mindWould ratherWould you likewill/would:2.表示意志、愿望和決心。表示意志、愿望和決心。 I will never do that again. will/would:3.可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為性。翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總經(jīng)常、

14、慣于、總是是”。1).The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. would2).門就是打不開門就是打不開 ! The door wont open. will/would:I will go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch. Question: Is this sentence correct? Why?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示表示 “意愿意愿”8.Giving advice

15、(提出意見提出意見):You should not/ought not to eat so much before running.How delicious!should:1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是其同義詞是ought to；在疑問句中，；在疑問句中，通常用通常用should代替代替oughtto。Should I open the window? 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。 We should learn from each other.should:2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用于第一人稱用于第一人稱時(shí)可以表示說話人的一種謙遜

16、、時(shí)可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣?？蜌?、委婉的語氣。 RoseSure. By the way, who is your idol?JackLiu Xiang, I should say.I should advise you not to do that again. 3. should表示意外或驚訝表示意外或驚訝 常譯為常譯為 “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信這樣一個(gè)紳士居然對(duì)老人我不敢相信這樣一個(gè)紳士居然對(duì)老人如此無禮。如此無禮。should:4

17、. should 表示猜測(cè)時(shí)，一般指按經(jīng)驗(yàn)或邏輯表示猜測(cè)時(shí)，一般指按經(jīng)驗(yàn)或邏輯判斷，翻譯成判斷，翻譯成“照說應(yīng)該，估計(jì)，想必照說應(yīng)該，估計(jì)，想必” should: -When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need三三. “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法的用法（1）must have done對(duì)過去某事的十分肯定猜測(cè)對(duì)過去某事的十分肯定猜測(cè)（2）may/might have d

18、one對(duì)過去某事的可能性對(duì)過去某事的可能性猜測(cè)猜測(cè)（3）cant/couldnt have done對(duì)過去某事的否定對(duì)過去某事的否定猜測(cè)猜測(cè)（4）should/ought to have done過去應(yīng)該做而未過去應(yīng)該做而未做做（5）shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 過去不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了過去不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了（6）neednt have done 本沒有必要做的事實(shí)際本沒有必要做的事實(shí)際卻做了卻做了（7）could have done 本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實(shí)際卻未做到本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實(shí)際卻未做到Practice With so much work

19、 on hand, you _to see the game last night. A. mustnt go B. could have goneC. shouldnt go D. shouldnt have gone2. There was plenty of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurriedC. must not hurry D. neednt have hurriedPractice3. I saw Mary in the library yesterday. -You_ her. She is sti

20、ll abroad.A. mustnt see B. cant have seen C. mustnt have seen D. couldnt see4. Aunt Mary_the train, otherwise she would have arrived here by now.A. must have missed B. should have missedC. had missed D. might miss四四. 可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need 、 dare 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (+動(dòng)詞原形)行為動(dòng)詞needdare 1.1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化無人稱和數(shù)的變化

21、; 2.2.尤其用于：尤其用于：* *否定句及疑問句中否定句及疑問句中; ;* *在在if/whetherif/whether之后之后; ;* *或與或與hardlyhardly, , nevernever, , no oneno one, , nobodynobody連用連用; ; 3. 3.常以常以needntneednt 和和darentdarent 的形式出現(xiàn)的形式出現(xiàn); ;4.dare4.dare有其過去時(shí)有其過去時(shí)dareddared. . 多用于肯定句多用于肯定句; (sb.) need to do dare to do(sth.) need to be done (sth.) need doing He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?判斷正誤判斷正誤:He darent to speak English before su