人教新目標(biāo)八年級上Unit1語法學(xué)案（無答案）

1、Unit1語法講解 1、 復(fù)合不定代詞的構(gòu)成：復(fù)合不定代詞是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one構(gòu)成，列表如下： 某人Someone 某人 某物，某事 任何人 任何人 任何事物 沒有人No one 沒有人 沒有東西 每人 每人 一切肯定句somebody=someone某人something某物somewhere某地否定句not any=noanybody= anyoneanythinganywhere否定意義（沒有）nobody= no onenothing/nowhere everybody=everyone每人eve

2、rything每樣?xùn)|西everywhere每個地方 （ 到處）2、 復(fù)合不定代詞或副的構(gòu)成及用法 由some, any, no, every分別加上-body, -thing, -one構(gòu)成的不定代詞叫做合成不定代詞；，somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副詞。用法： （1）合成不定代詞在句中可以作主語，賓語或表語等。 N 沒有人 will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。 There （be） nothing wrong with

3、the TV. Everybody l （like） reading. （3）some-不定代詞，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代詞則多用于否定句、疑問句中。但some-可用于表請求、邀請、預(yù)料對方會作肯定回答時(shí)的疑問句中。 帶some 的復(fù)合不定代詞也可以用在表示說話人希望得到肯定回答或表示請求，建議，詢問的疑問句中。如：Would you like _ to eat?A. something B anyting C. everything D nothing 4 帶any的復(fù)合不定代詞用在肯定句中帶有“任何人，任何事”的意思。Anyone who breaks the law will b

4、e thrown into prison.As a teacher, I would do anything for my students.5 而帶any的復(fù)合不定代詞常用在否定句或許if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中. （如果有一些重要的事情） please let me know.6 指人的復(fù)合不定代詞合寫與分開寫，其意思和用法不同，以any為例。anyone 僅指人 任何人，某人， 不和of連用any one 即指人，也指物， 任何一個的意思 可以于of連用Anyone can do the job. 我們當(dāng)中任何人 can do the job.7 復(fù)合不定代詞的定語位置復(fù)合不定代詞被定語修

5、飾的時(shí)候，定語必須放在不定代詞 。特別是當(dāng)修飾的定語比較復(fù)雜的情況下要認(rèn)真分析，弄清詞序間的修飾關(guān)系。復(fù)合不定代詞若被定語(形容詞、不定式，else修飾，定語要后置。There is _ _ in todays newspaper.報(bào)紙上有一些重要的信息。Do you have _ _ _?你有什么要說的嗎Ask _ _ to help you.另請個人來幫幫你有什么新鮮事要告訴我嗎?Do you have _ _ to tell me?no one與none的區(qū)別(1) none意為”沒有一個;毫無，既可指人也可指物通常與表范圍的of短語連用。(2) none作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)形式，

6、而 no one(=nobody)意為”沒有人”，只能指人，不能與of 短語連 用，作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 _ _these questions _ easy， and _ _can answer them這些間題沒有一個是容易的，沒有人能回答出來_ _ is at home.沒有人在家。(2)回答who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)用no one; 回答how many或 how much(除去提問價(jià)格的情況)引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)用none。一 Who was late?誰遲到了?一 _ _誰也沒有遲到。How many hens do you keep?你養(yǎng)了幾只母雞?_ _一只也沒養(yǎng)。-Wha

7、ts on the table? -_ -Who is in the classroom?- _ _( No one)8.特別要注意的是帶any的復(fù)合不盯代詞不能再用否定式。如：Anything could not be seen in that dark room. (F) 要表達(dá)否定意思，只可以用對應(yīng)的全部否定的詞代替。如：Nothing could be seen in that dark room2、 不定副詞somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere。 1. anywhere與somewhere anywhere意為“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和

8、疑問句中。 I can t find my glasses _我到處都找不到我的眼鏡如果用在肯定句中，表示無論何處，隨便哪個地方”。An accident can happen _.任何地方都可能發(fā)生事故。You can go_ you like. Just dont come close to me!你可以去你喜歡的任何地方，只要不靠近我(2) anywhere作主語時(shí)謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。_is OK.隨便哪個地方都可以。(3) anywhere被定語修飾時(shí)，定語應(yīng)后置。 Do you plan to go _ _ for your winter vacation?寒假你計(jì)劃去什么不

9、同的地方嗎? somewhere意為“在某處；到某處”，常用于肯定句中。 I lost my key _ near here.Everywhere到處 相當(dāng)于 here and there，可用各種句式。nowhere無處; 哪里都不 相當(dāng)于mot. anywhere，可用于各種句式I looked for my pet cat _， but I couldnt find it_ I thought it was _in the village， but I found it_at last.我到 處找我的寵物貓，但是哪里都找不到它。我認(rèn)為它在村子里的某個地方，但最終我在任何地方都沒有找到它。

10、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1、 練習(xí)題1 There is _ with your car.A. nothing wrong B. wrong nothing C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing 2 He asked me if there was _ to read. A. easy enough something B. enough easy somethingC. something easy enough D. something enough easy3 s calling me. （有人正在叫你） 4. There isnt else there（沒有什么特別的東西

11、）. 5. over there? （那兒有有一些有趣的事情嗎）6. Could you give me to eat? （你能給我一些美味的東西吃嗎）7. There is (美味的東西)on the table. .8. There is _ _ in todays newspaper.報(bào)紙上有一些重要的信息。9. Do you have _ _ _?你有什么要說的嗎10 Ask _ _ to help you.另請個人來幫幫11.Do you have _ _ to tell me?你有什么新鮮事要告訴我嗎?12.You can go_ you like. Just dont come

12、close to me!你可以去你喜歡的任何地方，只要不靠近我2、 用不定代詞或不定副詞填空：1. I cant hear anything = I can hear _.2. There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up.3. Did _   go to play basketball with you ?4. I phoned you last night, but _ answered it.5. I dont think _ telephoned.6. Why dont you ask _ to help you ?

13、7. If you want _ , please let me know.8. Shall we get _ to drink ?9. Dont worry. Theres _ wrong with your ears.10. Theres _ in the box. Its empty.11. Maybe _ put my pencil _. I cant find it _.三單項(xiàng)選擇1. “I dont think I am different from _ else. I am just the son of a farmer,” Mo Yan said.A. anyone B. n

14、obody C. someone D. everyone2. There is _ wrong with your watch. Look! It works well.A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything3. Good morning, class. Is _ here?No, sir. Tom is absent(缺席).A. anyone B. everyone C. no one D. someone4. Everything _ready. A. are B. is C. be D. were5. Did you meet _ in the street?A. a very tall someone B. very tall anyone C. someone very tall D. anyone very tall6. How was the school trip yesterday?Great. _ had a good time.A. Everyone B. No one C. Someone D. Anyone7.