Topic 1 Culture, Communication and Intercultural Communication (跨文化交際)

1、.1Intercultural Communication OrientationWeek 1 .2Chapter 1lCulture, Communication, Intercultural communication.3Pre-class discussion lGive an example of a(co)-cultural behavior that you do not understand. See if anyone in the class can explain it to you. lGive an example of a behavior from your cul

2、ture that someone from another culture might have difficulty in understanding. .4lWhat is culture? lWhat is communication? lWhat is intercultural communication? .5lThe culture iceberg lThe culture onion .6What is culture? l1 Culture is ubiquitous, multidimensional and all-pervasive l2 Culture is a f

3、ast-moving train, which is closely connected with what is going on for the time being. (American) .7l3 Culture is closely related to the past.(Chinese) l4 life way of a population (contrasted with nature) .8Culture Definition lPlease write down your version of culture in one sentence. .9lThe culture

4、 iceberg l culture above the waterlinel (the aspects of culture that are explict, visible, taught) l culture below the waterline l =(the habits, assumptions, understandings, values, judgements that we know but do not or cannot interpret in a direct way) .10lThe culture onionl culture in the outer la

5、yer (symbols)l culture in the middle layer(values)l culture in the inner nucleus layer(rooted in people) .11Discussion lattitude towards family and marriagel kinds of family, marriage partner, children, children education .12lviews on money and careerl richer, happier? l ideal job.13lWhy do you have

6、 all those perceptions and thoughts? lWho taught you?lWho told you? lWhy can you accept them? .14Characteristics of culture lCulture is shared lCulture is learned lCulture is symbolic lCulture is intergrated lCulture is dynamic .15Communication lWhat is communication? l126 difinitions(Dance and Lars

7、on,1972) l .16lcommunication is the process by which people deliberately attempt to convery meanings to others(Samovar & Porter,2003) lCommunication is unintentional, as they think communication is much like culture and occurs without awareness. .17Business communication lBusiness communication

8、is a dynamic, multi-channeled process, which covers internal as well as external communication in a given organization.(Xu, 2001) .18Patterns of communication lUpward communication l (sending information from people at a lower level to people at a higher level in an organization) .19lDownward commun

9、ication l (flowing from the top of the organizational management hierarchy, telling people in the organization what is important and what is valued.20lLateral(horizontal communication)l communication at the same level in an organization. .21Intercultural communication lIntercultural communication in

10、teraction in a changing world .22lThe core studying subjectlThe study of intercultural communication is about changechange in the worlds fabric of social relationships and how we must adapt to them. .23The quantity and quality of intercultural contacts l“ We are beginning to realize that a symbiotic

11、 relationship ties all people together.” l“ If you touch one part of the world, you touch all parts.” .24International contactswidely applied Daily: food, music, clothes, life style, festival, entertainment Technology, Economic, Politic, Sports, Media .25International contactsl1) new technology and

12、information systemsl2) changes in the worlds population l3) a shift in the worlds economic arena .26l1) new technology and information systemslTransportation systems: lTourism boomed (tourism is one of the fast-growing industries in the world) .27.28lThe popularity of public transportation, esp, air

13、line industry( Boeing, McDonnell Doulgas, Airbus).29l“ With increased ease of mobility, we will likely encouter new cultures at a greater rate than before.”.30lCommunication systems: l New and advanced communication systems encouraged and facilitated culture interaction:lA Communication satellites,

14、lB sophisticated television transmission equipmentlC digital switching networks lD WWW, Internet .31 l available in 210 countries, 28.5million households view it in an average week. .32lThe expasion of the Internet computer network. lThe benefits & drawbacks of Internet. .33lE A well-organized i

15、nternational film industry have evolved lets societies share cultural experiences with one another as film are produced and shown around the world .34The new population lRapid increase in the worlds population l1965 3,3billion l1995, 5.7billion lPopulation expansion threaten the health of the planet

16、 l finite natural resources, pollution, international conflict.35lFinite Natural ResourceslWhat natural Resources are in shortage? lPetrol? Metal? Mine? lMore!lIn future lWater, air, food, space-basic needs l-high price .36lPollution lEnvironmental issues affect all cultures l more cross-nation NGOs

17、 to fight againt these issuesl lTask: collect the websites of NGO. .37lInternational conflict natural resources and population expansion generate coflicts Nuclear capability presents unlimted potential for global conflict. nationalism and ethnicity .38The New Economic Arena “John has one custom and

18、Jack another.” Globalization, Americanization The size and number of multinational corporations increased rapidly .39Case Study: USA lIn AmericalImmigration melting pot lGovernment policy-high immigrates ratelAsia, Mexico, the Caribbean, Europe, Central America, South America, Africa, the Soviet Uni

19、on .40lTwo Largest groups: l Southeast Asia Latin America .41lCo-cultures and recognition:lLatinoslAfrican American,lWomen,lGays and lesbians .42lLatinos: lillegal immgrationillegal immigrants constitutes an intercultural crisis. lRetain native language rather than adopting English. lSecond largest

20、population group.43l? Do you think that lack of a shared national language is detrimental to a unified society? lWill language differences cause disputes? .44lAfrican Americans: over 30million, accouts for 12 percent lRacisminfluences perception and communication lA growing separatist movement in th

21、e community. .45After Obama win the Presidential Election, do you think reality of racism is going to alter? .46lWomenl Men & Women: often posses different goals, values and approaches to life. .47l“ Women are not mens equals in anything except responsibility. We are not their inferiors, either,

22、 or even their superiors. We are quite simply different races.” .48lLinguistically different lDifferent values and goals l“ Marriage fightings are caused by husband and wife.”.49lGays and Lesbians l non-mainstream culturedominate culture l heavy social proscriptions l antigay prejudice .50Misunderst

23、anding occur in specific settings (USA)l1 educational environment l2 business environment l3 personal relationship .51lThe educational environment l“ In California public schools 1 in 6 students was born outside the United States and 1 in 3 speaks a language other than English at home.” l diversity is reflected in colleges .52lEducation becomes a vehicle for extending ethnic pride. lSome educational units adopted multicultural curriculums or ethnic studies departments that emphasize cultural differences