初一下英語一般過去時(shí)

1、第四講：一般過去時(shí)一、定義：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。1.表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)： e.g. He was twelve last year. She was at work.2.表過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作： e.g. She often came to help us in those days. Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.2、 常與一般過去時(shí)連用的詞：1. 時(shí)間狀語 ago（two hours ago（一段時(shí)間+ago） yesterday（morning,afternoon

2、,evening） the day before yesterday last week,last(year,night,month) 具體時(shí)間（如Jan.fourth) just now at the age of 10(過去時(shí)間段) one day long ago once upon a time this morning(afternoon, evening) long long ago（很久以前） the other day（前幾天） at the moment3、 一般過去時(shí)的構(gòu)成1、 系動(dòng)詞be的一般過去時(shí) 構(gòu)成：主語 + be（was, were） + 其他 主語是”I” 時(shí)

3、- was 主語為單數(shù)時(shí) - was 主語為復(fù)數(shù)及 you時(shí) - were 否定句的構(gòu)成: 主語 + be + not + 其他 was not = wasnt were not = werent【活學(xué)活用】填入適當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞。1、 Kitty_an English girl.2._ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?3、I_not from Taizhou.4. It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside.5、She_tall.6. How many people _ (be) the

4、re in your class last term?7. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening.8. I_(be) tired yesterday. 9.I _ at school just now.10.He _ at the camp last week.11.We _ students two years ago.12.They _ on the farm a moment ago.13.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.14.There _ an apple on the

5、 plate yesterday.15.There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.2、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí) 構(gòu)成：主語 + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他 She had to do her homework yesterday. 注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞一定要用原形，而且只能是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式。 They should(應(yīng)該) be right. 否定句的構(gòu)成：主語 + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他 could not = couldnt must not = mustnt would not = wouldnt should not

6、= shouldnt might not = might not had not to = hadnt to【活學(xué)活用】填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1. She_(could not) speak English last year.2. You_(must not) open the door last night.3. They_(should not) be right at that moment.4. She said she_(would not) go to Japan.3、 行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 構(gòu)成：主語 + 行為動(dòng)詞 + 其他 These boys liked playing footb

7、all. The girl read English every morning in 1998. 加ed方法： 1直接加ed：work worked looklooked2以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加d：live lived hopehoped useused3. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed：study studied carrycarried worryworried 26個(gè)字母中 除A E I O U五個(gè)元音字母外，其余21個(gè)都是輔音字母4.以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的，直接加ed：enjoy enjoyed playplayed5. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed：st

8、op stopped planplanned不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞過去式：have-had are-were get-got say-said feel-felt do/does-did is-was go-wentdrink-drank eat-ate bring-brought think-thought buy-bought catch- caught teach - taught sit-sat wear-wore cut-cut sweep-swept sleep-slept become-became【活學(xué)活用】一、寫出下例單詞的過去式isam_  fly_  pla

9、nt_  are _  drink_play_    go_  make _ does_  dance_worry_  ask _   taste_  eat_ draw_put _    throw_ kick_  pass_   do _二、完成句子1. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.2.Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning.3

10、.I _ (call) Mike this morning.4.I listened but _ (hear) nothing.5.Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.6.Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 7.What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now?8.Last year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.9.Eli _ to Japan last week.  (

11、 move)10. He ate some bread and _ (drink) some milk.4. 否定句的構(gòu)成: 主語 + 助動(dòng)詞（did）+not +行為動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他 These boys didnt（did not） like playing football. The girl didnt （did not）read English every morning last year. 注意：didnt之后動(dòng)詞一定要用原形【活學(xué)活用】一、將下面句子改成否定句1. I had a word with Julia this morning. _2. Li Ming studie

12、d English this morning. _3. There was an apple on the table last night. _4. I got up very early this morning. _5. The police stopped me on my way home last night. _6. They gave the concert last night. _二、按照要求改寫句子1. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So she _ (get ) up late.2. He _ (no

13、t find ) his key last night.3. Her mother _ (not give) the girl any present one her birthday.4. Last week, I _( not buy) a new bike, I _(buy) a new kite instead. 5. 一般疑問句 含be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句 Were you a student ？ be動(dòng)詞 主語 其它 Yes，I was. No，I wasnt. be + 主語 + 其它部分？ 肯定回答：Yes，主語+be 否定回答：No，主語+be+not 注意：在回答時(shí)，

14、主語要用相應(yīng)的代詞代替 Could you speak English last year? 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 主語 動(dòng)詞原形 其他部分 Yes，I could. No，I couldnt. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它部分？ 肯定回答：Yes，主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 否定回答：No，主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not 注意：在回答時(shí)，主語要用相應(yīng)的代詞代替 含be或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般疑問句的改寫 秘訣：一調(diào)二改三問號 一調(diào)：即把句中的be或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞調(diào)到主語前； 二改：改換主語稱謂，即將句中的主語I my mine we our ours等第一人稱分別改為相應(yīng)的第二人稱 you your yours等； 三問號：

15、句末的句號改為問號 【活學(xué)活用】將下例句子改成一般疑問句1. I was an English teacher . _2. He was happy yesterday._3. They were glad to see each other last year._4. I should sweep the floor a moment ago. _行為動(dòng)詞一般疑問句的構(gòu)成問句： Did your parents go to school yesterday？ 肯答： Yes，they did. 否答： No，they didnt.肯定回答用“Yes, 主語+ did.”否定回答用“No, 主

16、語+didnt(did not).”特別注意：對于行為動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句一定要注意動(dòng)詞的還原，因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)與數(shù)的變化已經(jīng)體現(xiàn)在助動(dòng)詞上了。 含行為動(dòng)詞（或稱為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）一般疑問句的改寫：秘訣：一加二改三問號 一加：即在句首加助動(dòng)詞did； 二改：1、把謂語動(dòng)詞改為原形； 2、改換主語稱謂； 三問號：句末的句號改為問號?！净顚W(xué)活用】按照要求改寫句子2. We read English every morning last year. （改為一般疑問句） _2. Toms father listened to English on the radio every evening . （改為一般疑問句）_

17、3. Mr. Green came to Shanghai a week ago. （改為一般疑問句，并做肯定回答）_4. Millie lived in a flat in Beijing last week. （改為一般疑問句, 并做否定回答）_5. Daniel enjoyed playing computer games. (改為一般疑問句，并做肯定回答)_6. 特殊疑問句以疑問詞開頭，對句中某一成分提問的句子叫特殊疑問句。常用的疑問詞有：what who whose which when where how why等。特殊疑問句有兩種語序：（）如疑問詞作主語或主語的定語，即對主語或主

18、語的定語提問，其語序是陳述句的語序：疑問詞（主語）謂語動(dòng)詞其他成分？如：who was singing in the room whose bike was red（）如疑問詞作其他成分，即對其他成分提問，其語序是：疑問詞一般疑問句語序？如：what class were you inWhat did she look likeWhere were you fromWhat time did he get up every morningHow did you know特殊疑問詞+助動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？eg:Where did you do study English?特殊疑問詞+be

19、動(dòng)詞+主語+其eg:Why was your Mum so angry?特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？ eg:What could I do for you?【活學(xué)活用】一、選擇正確的單詞填空(who, where, when)1._ was that pretty girl? She was my sister. 2._ were Jack and Tom? They were behind you.3._ did you go to school? I went to school from Monday to Friday.4._ had a beautiful flowe

20、r? John had a beautiful flower.5._ were they? They were my parents. 6._ was my mother? She was in the living room.7._ were you going? We were going to the bakery(面包坊).8._ did Jim and Wendy play ball? They played ball in the afternoon.9._ did he jog? He jogged in the park. 10._ were you last night? I

21、 was at home.二、就畫線部分提問1.He was my father. _ 2. They were under the tree._ 3. I often watched TV after dinner.(晚飯后) 提示：飯后強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間問題。_ 4. Lily swam in the swimming pool.(游泳池) _ 5. Superman flied in the sky._ 6. I often brushed my teeth in the evening when I was young. _ 7. Alan liked to play with Bill._

22、 8. Joe's father played badminton(羽毛球) every weekend last year._ 9. The supermarket was near the school. _ 10. The laptop(筆記本電腦) was on the table._ 11. Jennifer had a pair of earrings(耳環(huán)). _ 12. The flowers were in the flower pot(花盆)._ 13. My grandpa often took us to the zoo . _ 14. I put the go

23、ld fish(金魚) into the fish tank(魚缸)._ 15. The monkey slept last night._ 課外作業(yè):一、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1He put the books away and _ (go) home.2.  The boy is running and_ (tie) his shoes on the playground.3.  My father_ (buy) a new computer for_ (I ) yesterday.4.  He

24、often _ (go) to school by bike, but last year he often _ (walk) to school.5.  After she finished _ (pack) everything, she _(go) to bed.6. - Who_(wash) the plates on the table ?- Jenny did.7. - When _ you_ (see ) the film  “ Titanic”?8. Its

25、half past eleven now. Jim_ (have) lunch. He usually_(have) it at this time.9. She _(write) to Jill last month. She  _(write)  to him next time.10. The students _ (stop) talking when their teacher came up.11.There _ any hospitals (醫(yī)院) in my hometown (家鄉(xiāng)) in 1940.

26、60; ( be not)12.There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there?13.Eli _ to Japan last week.  ( move)14. When _ you _ (come) to China? - Last year. 15.Did she _ (have) supper at home? 16.Jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 17._ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?18.How many people _ (be)

27、there in your class last term?19.It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside.20. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it.                   &#

28、160;                         21. He ate some bread and _ (drink) some milk.22. _ he _ (finish) his homework last night?23. I_(be) tired yesterday. 24. I _(gain ) Arts degree last y

29、ear.25. What _ you _ (do) last night?26. My grandfather _ (leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998.27. What _ he _ (do) yesterday?28. Last week I _ (buy) a new bike.29. He _ (be) here just now.30. He _ (not find ) his key last night.31. My father _ (drink) a lot of wine yesterday.32. _ you _ (finish)

30、your homework yesterday?33. I _ (eat) some eggs and bread this morning.34. Her mother _ (not give) the girl any present.二、選擇(    ) 1. Lee _ his mobile phone at home.     A. was left       B. has left      C. ha

31、d left      D. left  (     ) 2. _ he _ a good rest? No, he didnt.     A. Have, had      B. Did, have     C. Did, had     D. Had, had   (     ) 3.

32、 When _ Lee _ school this morning?     A. had, got to  B. did, get to   C. did, get   D. did, got to   (    ) 4. Will you please say it again? I _ quite _ you.     A. didnt, hear     &#

33、160;         B. havent, heard    C. didnt, heard             D. hadnt, heard(     ) 5. _ you _ at six oclock yesterday? A. Do ,get up    B. Did, get up

34、0;   C. Do, got up    D. Did, got up(    ) 6.What did you see _? A. now    B. every day    C. since 1990    D. just now(     ) 7.He went into the room and _ the door. A. lock    B. lock

35、ing    C. locks    D. locked(     ) 8. What _ you _ last week?  I bought a bag. A. did ,buy    B. did , bought    C. do, buy    D. do, bought(     ) 9. _ he _ his lunch? Yes, he did. A. Have

36、 ,had    B. Had, has    C. Did, have    D. Did, had(    )10.Did the thieves _ into the car? No, they_. A. fell, didnt  B. fall, did  C. jump, didnt  D. jump, did(    ) 11. When did May come back from Hong Kong?

37、          She _ from Hong Kong last Friday. A. come back    B. comes back    C. returned back    D. came back(    ) 12. _ she _ this dictionary in the bookshop nearby last week? A. Did, buy 

38、  B. Does, buy  C. Did, bought   D. Does, buys(     ) 13. He _ to the station this morning and was_ for the train. A. hurry, in time   B. hurries, on time  C. hurried, in time    D. hurried, at time(    ) 14. Where _ Unc

39、le Sun yesterday? A. was   B. were   C. did   D. does(     ) 15. Have you seen him today?         Yes, I _ him this morning. A. has seen   B. see    C. will see    D. saw(

40、0;    ) 16. He _ worried when he heard the news. A. is     B. was    C. does   D. did(    ) 17. There _ a telephone call for my brother Steven yesterday? A. is    B. are   C. was    D. were(

41、    ) 18. Liu Fengwei _ three yuan for the lost library book. A. paid   B. pay   C. spent   D. lost(    ) 19. He _ in this school in 1958. A. taught    B. has taught    C. teaches    D. had taugh

42、t(    ) 20. They _ tired so they stopped _ a rest. A. are, have   B. were, have   C. were, to have   D. are, having(     ) 21. Yesterday I _ in bed all day because I had a fever. A. lay    B. lie   C. laid 

43、0; D. lain(    ) 22. Hello, Mike. Its you. I _ you _ in Beijing. How long have you been here? A. dont know, were        B. hadnt known, are C. havent known, are       D. didnt know, were(     ) 23. It was

44、raining hard when he _ home. A. got  B. get   C. gets  D. was getting(    ) 24. He has taught in this school since he _ work. A. began to  B. begins to   C. begun to     D. begin to(    ) 25. She said her brother _

45、in Beijing. He _ to Japan on business last week. A. wasnt, went           B. hasnt, went   C. wasnt, would go        D. would be, went 三、 單句改錯(cuò)：下面每句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，指出并加以改正1.  Did you found the answer to this qu

46、estion?       _                         2.   Mary and her brother was born on the same day.     _   

47、                       3.   We start this lesson about ten minutes ago.    _               

48、;                 4.   She hadnt anything for breakfast this morning. _                        

49、       5.   They came here for a year.   _                                  

50、0;          6.   Amy singed a song for us at that party.  _                              &

51、#160;      7. He said he will help me with my English when he was free.     _                 8.   The man saw the bag until it was late.    

52、;_                                    四、按照要求改寫句子  1. The children had a good time in the park.否定句：_一般疑問句：_對劃線部分提問：_2. There