現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)練習(xí)

1、初中英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 、過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)一、        單項(xiàng)選擇。 1. Jim turned off the lights and then the classroom.A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left2. Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _what's happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know 3. He has _

2、been to Shanghai, has he ? . already .never .ever . still 4. The train from Beijing ten minutes ago.A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived5. Have you met Mr Li _？ . just . ago .before . a moment ago6. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year. is writing .was writing .w

3、rote .has written7. Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better 8. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying 9. We _ Xiao Li since

4、she was a little girl . . met . have met . have known . knew 10. The students their classroom when the visitors arrived.A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned11. My brother here for three years. . have come . came . havent come .come 12. These farmers have been to the Un

5、ited States . Really? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone 13. _ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did; do; finished . Have; done; finished . Have; done; have finished . will; do; finish 14.His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has

6、joined . was in . has been in 15. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked16. Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 17. How long have you _ here ? Abo

7、ut two months . . been . gone . come . arrived 18. She had written a number of books the end of last year.A. for B. in C. by D. at 19. Hurry up ! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began20. It _ ten years since he left the army . . is . has . will . was 21. Miss Gre

8、en isn't in the office. She_ to the library . .has gone . had went .went . has been 22. I 1000 English words by the time I was ten.A. have learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt23. My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to . have been 24. He in

9、Beijing for six years. He in Shanghai now. A. lived; lived B. has lived; lived C. have lived; lives D. lived; lives25. has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 26. His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has

10、 come here B. had been here C. has lived there D. has left the university 27. He in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work28. Im sorry to keep you waiting. Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D.

11、 will be29. my glasses? Yes . I them on your bed a minute ago . A. Do you see; have seen B. had you seen; have seen C. Would you see; saw D. Have you seen; saw30. I from Henry for a long time. A. dont hear B. hadnt heard C. have heard D. havent heard31. My mother_ in that factory at the age of 18.A.

12、 had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works32. You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times . A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet33. It is the third time you _ late this week. A. had been B. are C. have been D. will be二 按正確的形式填空。 1. We (live) in the house for three years.2. That rich old

13、man (make) a will before he (die).3. They (study) the map of the country before they (leave).4. The robbers (run away ) before the policemen (arrive).5. I (turn off) all the lights before I (go) to bed.6. She （come）for a long time. 7. The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) 9. Miss Gao left an

14、 hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) It an hour since Miss Gao . 三翻譯句子。1. 從上次見他到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)六年了。（提示since）2. 到上個(gè)星期為止，我已經(jīng)讀了七本書。（提示by）3. 我到這里已經(jīng)三年了。（提示have been in）4. 當(dāng)他醒來(lái)時(shí)，雨已經(jīng)停了。（提示：when）答案解析：我們將會(huì)以時(shí)間軸的方式來(lái)分析句子到底是哪個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。一 單項(xiàng)選擇：1. 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 關(guān)燈 離開 題意：Jim關(guān)燈后緊接著離開了教室。由時(shí)間軸可以看出“離開”是在“關(guān)燈”以后，所以不是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，排除B；離開是主動(dòng)行為，排除A；再由于本題沒(méi)有線索顯示“離開”是說(shuō)話時(shí)剛剛結(jié)束

15、的，也不是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；表示做完“關(guān)燈”動(dòng)作緊接著是“離開”中間間隔很短，所以是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選D。2. 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 發(fā)生在son身上的事 看起來(lái)傷心，可能知道了題意：他的父母看起來(lái)很傷心?？赡芩麄円呀?jīng)知道了發(fā)生在他身上的事。由look原形可以看出，父母現(xiàn)在看起來(lái)傷心，所以可能現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道了發(fā)生在兒子身上的事，到說(shuō)話時(shí)完成剛剛的事要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B。3. 因?yàn)榉匆庖蓡?wèn)句用的是has he？所以主句應(yīng)該是一個(gè)否定的形式，只能是never了，故選B。4. 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) ten minutes ago時(shí)間點(diǎn)（到達(dá)）ago和before是有區(qū)別的：以下舉例說(shuō)明two days ago ：

16、過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 從現(xiàn)在往前推兩天的時(shí)間點(diǎn) two days ago 是一個(gè)點(diǎn)時(shí)間，表示從現(xiàn)在往過(guò)去推two days的時(shí)間的那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)two days before： before無(wú)限往過(guò)去延伸 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) two days ago時(shí)間點(diǎn)（之前的時(shí)間）before表示從 兩天前的點(diǎn) 再無(wú)限往歷史的方向延伸的時(shí)間段。是一個(gè)時(shí)間段（這段時(shí)間不包括兩天前的點(diǎn)）題意：從北京來(lái)的那趟火車十分鐘前到站了。由圖可知時(shí)間是十分鐘以前的那個(gè)點(diǎn)，是一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間。具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間上發(fā)生的事是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選C。 5. 從現(xiàn)在無(wú)限往過(guò)去延伸的時(shí)間段（不包括現(xiàn)在這個(gè)點(diǎn)） 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) before題意： 你

17、以前見過(guò)李先生嗎？ 由Have可知題中用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，題意是：你以前認(rèn)識(shí)Mr. Li嗎？也就是在說(shuō)話時(shí)的以前，也就是現(xiàn)在的以前，所以用before才可以滿足：發(fā)生在過(guò)去，到說(shuō)話時(shí)剛剛結(jié)束。故選C。 從過(guò)去的兩年前開始，到說(shuō)話前為止6. 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) two years ago點(diǎn) 題意：那個(gè)有名的作家在過(guò)去的兩年里寫了一本新書。 in the past two years指的是時(shí)間軸上描紅的部分，可以看出時(shí)間是：從two years ago 開始到現(xiàn)在為止。符合現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義。故選D。7. 時(shí)間范圍是從無(wú)限的過(guò)去到說(shuō)話的現(xiàn)在為止 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 題意：我們的國(guó)家到目前已經(jīng)改變了很多。是

18、的，我希望它將會(huì)更好。由句中“so far”可以知道：時(shí)間是到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止。也就是說(shuō)從過(guò)去開始一直到so far完成的動(dòng)作，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)答案是從A和C中選，后一個(gè)空顯然是希望國(guó)家變的更好，所以答案選C。8. 時(shí)間從two years ago開始到現(xiàn)在結(jié)束 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) two years ago點(diǎn) 題意：趙蘭在這所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)兩年了。 很顯然時(shí)間的范圍是：從two years ago到現(xiàn)在為止，符合現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義，故選C。9. 時(shí)間范圍：從Xiao Li還是個(gè)小女孩到現(xiàn)在 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) Xiao Li was a little girl 題意：我們從小麗還是個(gè)小女孩時(shí)就認(rèn)識(shí)她了。 此題考的是h

19、ave / has done since+一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的固定用法，意思是：從.時(shí)候起就開始做某事，知道說(shuō)話才結(jié)束。所以此處的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞）。所以A和B選項(xiàng)的點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞met不可以選，而D選項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)不符合這個(gè)用法，故選C。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式卻可以用在這個(gè)句型中，以meet為例：因?yàn)椤癿eet”發(fā)生之后剩余的時(shí)間都是“不meet”發(fā)生的時(shí)間所以“不meet”才是持續(xù)發(fā)生的：例如：He hasnt met his uncle since 2005. 10. 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 打掃教室 訪客來(lái) 題意：但房客們到時(shí)，學(xué)生們已經(jīng)打掃完了教室。 也就是說(shuō)“打掃教室”發(fā)生

20、在“訪客來(lái)”之前，過(guò)去的過(guò)去用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故選B。11. 從three years ago到說(shuō)話的現(xiàn)在 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) three years ago點(diǎn) 題意：我的哥哥（弟弟）來(lái)這里已經(jīng)3年了。 過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始到說(shuō)話時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，問(wèn)題是選A，還是選C。因?yàn)椤癱ome”是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞），所以當(dāng)他到的一瞬間已經(jīng)完成這個(gè)動(dòng)作。因此非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞）不可以跟一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)“for three years”、“since 1998”等連用，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式才可以。故選C12. 時(shí)間范圍是從無(wú)限的過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 去過(guò)美國(guó) 題意：這些農(nóng)民去過(guò)美國(guó)。真的嗎？什么

21、時(shí)候去的。 完成時(shí)表示做過(guò)什么事情，但不太關(guān)心什么時(shí)間做的，如果非要知道具體時(shí)間的話就不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，在過(guò)去具體的時(shí)間做了什么事情是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特征，故選B。 13. 題意：你做你的作業(yè)了嗎？是的，我剛剛完成。乍看題意覺(jué)得兩句話都應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，都有發(fā)生在過(guò)去說(shuō)話前剛剛完成的的意思。但是我們仔細(xì)看會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)第二句話里有一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“a moment ago”是一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，符合一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。所以問(wèn)句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，答句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選B。 14. 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 參軍 題意：他的父親1978年參軍一直呆到現(xiàn)在。此題考的是have / has done since+一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的

22、固定用法。但是join是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，不可以在這里表示“從。時(shí)候起一直在做某事”。應(yīng)該用另一種方式表達(dá)在部隊(duì)里呆這個(gè)動(dòng)作。選D。15. 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 做好飯 父母到家 題意：在我的父母昨天到家的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)做好晚飯了。 by+時(shí)間點(diǎn)意思是“到。為止”。 by+現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以做現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；by+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以做過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；此題父母到家時(shí)，他（她）已經(jīng)完成了做飯的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選A16. 題意：你認(rèn)識(shí)他嗎？是的，我們從十年前就認(rèn)識(shí)了。 從問(wèn)句Do you know him well？中可以看出是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的交談，另外又看見答句中的“since”可以判定應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

23、B、C、D選項(xiàng)中只有B是表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，其余兩個(gè)都是“點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞”，故選B。17. 題意：你在這里呆多久了？ 由題意知這里要填延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，故只能選A。18.題意：她在去年年底寫完了很多書。 由had written可知是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故選C。by the end of last year是到去年年底為止。19. 題意：快點(diǎn)！電影都開始十分鐘了。 十分鐘是一個(gè)時(shí)間段，所以要用延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，故選C。20. 題意：他離開軍隊(duì)已經(jīng)有十年了。have / has done since+一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的固定用法，故選B。21. 題意：格林小姐沒(méi)在辦公室，她去圖書館了。 have been to去過(guò)某個(gè)地方，現(xiàn)在

24、回來(lái)了 have gone to去了某個(gè)地方，現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)回來(lái) have been in 現(xiàn)在在某個(gè)地方 根據(jù)題意很顯然應(yīng)該選擇A。22. 題意：到我十歲為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)了一千個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。 由by the time I was ten可知此處要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選C.23. 從two years ago到現(xiàn)在為止 過(guò)去 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) Ten years ago點(diǎn)題意：我的父母在山東呆了十年了。呆在山東這個(gè)動(dòng)作是一個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，只有A符合。24. 題意：他在北京住過(guò)六年，現(xiàn)在他住在上海。由現(xiàn)在他住在上?？芍?，住在北京是不是現(xiàn)在完成的，所以不是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；也沒(méi)有過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以用過(guò)去式。故選D。25. 題意：從懷特先生到中國(guó)到他成為綠色中國(guó)組織成員有多久了？ How soon和how long的區(qū)別：how soon “還要多久” how long“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間” 此題顯然問(wèn)的是多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，所以要用how long。另外：arrive at， get to， come to是固定的搭