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1、金屬一、堿金屬1.鈉Na4Na+O22Na2O2Na+O2Na2O2Cl2+2Na2NaCl2Na+2H2O2NaOH+H24Na+TiCl4(熔融)4NaCl+TiNa2ONa2O+H2O2NaOH2Na2O+O22Na2O2Na2O+SO3Na2SO4Na2O+CO2Na2CO3Na2O+2HCl2NaCl+H2O2Na2O2+2H2O4NaOH+O2(此反應分兩步Na2O2+2H2O2NaOH+H2O2;2H2O22H2O+O2。H2O2的制備可利用類似的反應)2Na2O2+2CO22Na2CO3+O2Na2O2+H2SO4(冷、稀)Na2SO4+H2O2NaOH2NaOH+Si+H2O

2、Na2SiO3+2H26NaOH+3S2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O2NaOH+2Al+2H2O2NaAlO2+3H22NaOH(過量)+CO2Na2CO3+H2ONaOH+CO2(過量)NaHCO32NaOH+SiO2Na2SiO3+H2O(常溫下強堿緩慢腐蝕玻璃)2NaOH+Al2O32NaAlO2+H2O2NaOH+Cl2NaCl+NaClO+H2ONaOH+HClNaCl+H2O3NaOH+AlCl3Al(OH)3+3NaClNaOH+Al(OH)3NaAlO2+2H2ONaAlO22NaAlO2+CO2+3H2O2Al(OH)3+Na2CO33NaAlO2+AlCl3+6H2O4

3、Al(OH)3Na2CO3、NaHCO3Na2CO3+SiO2Na2SiO3+CO2Na2CO3+HClNaHCO3+NaClNaHCO3+HClNaCl+H2O+CO23Na2CO3+2AlCl3+3H2O2Al(OH)3+3CO2+6NaCl3Na2CO3+2FeCl3+3H2O2Fe(OH)3+3CO2+6NaCl3NaHCO3+AlCl3Al(OH)3+3CO23NaHCO3+FeCl3Fe(OH)3+3CO2NaHCO3+HClNaCl+CO2+H2O2NaHCO3Na2CO3+CO2+H2O3Na2CO3+2Br2+H2O2NaHCO3+2NaBrO+2NaBr+CO2NaHCO3

4、+Br2NaBr+HBrO+CO22.鉀KOH2KOH+CO2K2CO3+H2OKOH+CO2KHCO3K2CO3K2CO3+2HCl2KCl+CO2+H2OK2CO3+CaCl2CaCO3+2KCK2CO3+2AgNO3Ag2CO3+2KNO3KHCO3KHCO3+HClKCl+CO2+H2O2KHCO3K2CO3+CO2+H2OKClO32KClO32KCl+3O2KClO3+6HClKCl+3Cl2+3H2OKClO3+5KCl+3H2SO43Cl2+3K2SO4+3H2OKI2KI+Cl22KCl+I2KI+AgNO3AgI+KNO3KAl(SO4)22KAl(SO4)2+6NaOHK

5、2SO4+3Na2SO4+2Al(OH)32KAl(SO4)2+3Ba(OH)2K2SO4+3BaSO4+2Al(OH)3KAl(SO4)2+2Ba(OH)2KAlO2+2BaSO4KSCN3KSCN+FeCl3Fe(SCN)3+3KCl3.鋰Li2OLi2O+CO2Li2CO3Li2O+H2O2LiOHLiOH2LiOH+CO2Li2CO3+H2OLiOH+CO2LiHCO3Li2CO3Li2CO3+2HCl2LiCl+CO2+H2OLiHCO3LiHCO3+HClLiCl+CO2+H2O2LiHCO3Li2CO3+CO2+H2O二、常見金屬1.鎂Mg2Mg+O22MgOMg+2H2O2Mg

6、(OH)2+H2Mg+Cl2MgCl22Mg+CO22MgO+C3Mg+N2Mg3N2Mg+2HClMgCl2+H2Mg+H2SO4MgSO4+H22Mg+TiCl4(熔融)Ti+2MgCl2MgOMgO+2HClMgCl2+H2OMgO+H2OMg(OH)2Mg(OH)2Mg(OH)2+2HClMgCl2+2H2OMg(HCO3)2Mg(HCO3)2+2HClMgCl2+2CO2+2H2O2Mg(HCO3)2Mg(OH)2+CO2+H2OMg3N2Mg3N2+8H2O3Mg(OH)2+2NH3·H2O2.鋁AlAl+3O22Al2O32Al+3SAl2S32Al+3Cl22AlCl

7、34Al+3MnO22Al2O3+3Mn2Al+Cr2O3Al2O3+2Cr2Al+Fe2O3Al2O3+2Fe(鋁熱反應)2Al+3FeOAl2O3+3Fe2Al+6HCl2AlCl3+3H22Al+3H2SO4Al2(SO4)3+3H22Al+6H2SO4(濃)Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2OAl+4HNO3(稀)Al(NO3)3+NO+2H2O(Al、Fe在冷、濃的H2SO4、HNO3中鈍化)2Al+2NaOH+2H2O2NaAlO2+3H2Al2O3、Al(OH)3Al2O3+3H2SO4Al2(SO4)3+3H2O(Al2O3是兩性氧化物)Al2O3+2NaOH2NaAlO2+

8、H2O2Al(OH)3Al2O3+3H2OAl(OH)3+3HClAlCl3+3H2O2Al(OH)3+3H2SO4Al2(SO4)3+6H2OAl(OH)3+NaOHNaAlO2+2H2O鋁鹽AlCl3+3NaOHAl(OH)3+3NaClAlCl3+3NH3·H2OAl(OH)3+3NH4Cl2AlCl3+3Na2CO3+3H2O2Al(OH)3+3CO2+6NaClAlCl3+3NaHCO3Al(OH)3+3CO2AlCl3+3NaAlO2+6H2O4Al(OH)3Al2(SO4)3+3Na2S+6H2O2Al(OH)3+3H2S3.鐵Fe2Fe+3Cl22FeCl33Fe+2

9、O2Fe3O4Fe+SFeS2Fe+3Br22FeBr3Fe+I2FeI2Fe+SFeS3Fe+4H2O(g)Fe3O4+4H2Fe+2HClFeCl2+H2Fe+CuCl2FeCl2+CuFe+H2SFeS+H22Fe+6H2SO4(濃)Fe2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2OFe+H2SO4(稀)FeSO4+H2Fe+6HNO3Fe(NO3)3+3NO2+3H2OFe+4HNO3Fe(NO3)3+NO+2H2O8Fe+30HNO38Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2OFe+(CH3COO)2CuCu+(CH3COO)2FeFe2O3Fe2O3+2AlAl2O3+2FeFe2O3+3CO

10、2Fe+3CO2Fe2O3+3H22Fe+3H2O(制還原鐵粉)Fe2O3+6HCl2FeCl3+3H2OFe3O4Fe3O4+4H23Fe+4H2OFe3O4+8HCl(濃)FeCl2+2FeCl3+4H2OFe(OH)2、Fe(OH)34Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O4Fe(OH)32Fe(OH)3Fe2O3+3H2OFeCl22FeCl2+Cl22FeCl3FeCl2+MgFe+MgCl2FeCl32FeCl3+Fe3FeCl22FeCl3+Cu2FeCl2+CuCl2(用于雕刻印刷電路板)2FeCl3+H2SO3+H2OH2SO4+2FeCl2+2HCl2FeCl3+Zn2FeCl2+

11、ZnCl22FeCl3+H2S2FeCl2+2HCl+S2FeCl3+2KI2FeCl2+2KCl+I2FeCl3+3NH3·H2OFe(OH)3+3NH4Cl2FeCl3+3Na2CO3+3H2O2Fe(OH)3+3CO2+6NaClFeCl3+3NaHCO3Fe(OH)3+3CO22FeCl3+SO2+2H2O2FeCl2+H2SO4+2HClBaCl2+H2SO4BaSO4+2HClFeCl3+3KSCNFe(SCN)3+3KCl其它Fe化合物Fe2(SO4)3+2AgFeSO4+Ag2SO4(較難反應)Fe3C+22HNO33Fe(NO3)3+CO2+13NO2+11H2O三

12、、其他金屬1.錳KMnO42KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O22KMnO4+16HCl2KCl+2MnCl2+5Cl2+8H2O2KMnO4+5H2O2+6HCl2KCl+2MnCl2+5O2+8H2O2.銅Cu2Cu+O22CuO2Cu+SCu2SCu+Cl2CuCl2CH4+4CuO4Cu+CO2+2H2O3CuO+2NH33Cu+N2+3H2OCuO+2HClCuCl2+H2OCuO+H2SO4CuSO4+H2OCu(OH)2+2HClCuCl2+2H2OCu(OH)2+H2SO4CuSO4+2H2OCu(OH)2CuO+H2OCuCl2+H2SCuS+2HClCuCl2+2NaOH

13、Cu(OH)2+2NaClCuSO4+H2SCuS+H2SO4CuSO4+2NaOHCu(OH)2+Na2SO4CuSO4+Ba(OH)2Cu(OH)2+BaSO43.鈣CaCaO+H2OCa(OH)2CaO+SiO2CaSiO32Ca(OH)2+2Cl2CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2OCa(OH)2+SO3CaSO4+H2OCaCO3+2HNO3Ca(NO3)2+H2O+CO2(用HNO3和濃H2SO4不能制備H2S、HI、HBr、SO2等還原性氣體)CaCO3+SiO2CaSiO3+CO2CaF2+H2SO4(濃)CaSO4+2HFCa3(PO4)2+3H2SO4(濃)3CaSO4+

14、2H3PO4Ca3(PO4)2+2H2SO4(濃)2CaSO4+Ca(H2PO4)2Ca3(PO4)2+4H3PO43Ca(H2PO4)2(重鈣)CaH2+2H2OCa(OH)2+2H2鹵族元素、氮族元素一、鹵族元素1.氟F2F2+H22HF2F2+2H2O4HF+O2HF4HF+SiO2SiF4+2H2O2.氯Cl2Cl2+H22HCl(光照或點燃)Cl2+2Na2NaCl3Cl2+2P2PCl3Cl2+PCl3PCl53Cl2+2Fe2FeCl3Cl2+CuCuCl2Cl2+2FeCl22FeCl32Cl2+2NaBr2NaCl+Br2Cl2+2KI2KCl+I25Cl2+I2+6H2O2

15、HIO3+10HClCl2+Na2S2NaCl+SCl2+H2S2HCl+SCl2+SO2+2H2OH2SO4+2HClCl2+H2SO3+H2OH2SO4+2HClCl2+H2OHCl+HClOCl2+H2O22HCl+O2Cl2+2NaOHNaCl+NaClO+H2O2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O3Cl2+6KOH(熱、濃)5KCl+KClO3+3H2OHCl6HCl+2Al2AlCl3+3H22HCl+FeFeCl2+H24HCl(濃)+MnO2MnCl2+Cl2+2H2O4HCl(g)+O22Cl2+2H2O16HCl+2KMnO42KCl+2MnCl

16、2+5Cl2+8H2O14HCl+K2Cr2O72KCl+2CrCl3+3Cl2+7H2OHCl+NH3NH4Cl(白煙)2HCl+FeOFeCl2+3H2O6HCl+Fe2O32FeCl3+3H2O8HCl(濃)+Fe3O4FeCl2+2FeCl3+4H2OHCl+Na3PO4Na2HPO4+NaClHCl+Na2HPO4NaH2PO4+NaClHCl+NaH2PO4H3PO4+NaClHCl+Na2CO3NaHCO3+NaClHCl+NaHCO3NaCl+H2O+CO2HClOHClO=HCl+O23.溴Br2Br2+H22HBrBr2+FeFeBr3Br2+2FeBr22FeBr3Br2

17、+NaINaBr+I2Br2+HIHBr+I2Br2+H2OHBr+HBrOBr2+NaOHNaBr+NaBrO+H2OBr2+SO2+2H2OH2SO4+2HBrBr2+H2SS+2HBr2Br2+3Na2CO3+H2O2NaHCO3+2NaBrO+2NaBr+CO2HBrHBr+NaOHNaBr+H2O2HBr+Cl22HCl+Br24.碘I2I2+H22HII2+Fe FeI2I2+2NaOHNaI+NaIO+H2OHI2HIH2+I22HI+Cl22HCl+I2HI+NaOHNaI+H2O催化劑高溫、高壓二、氮族元素1.氮N2N2+3H2 2NH3N2+O22NON2+3MgMg3N2

18、N2+6Na2Na3NNO、NO2、N2O52NO+O22NO2NO+NO2+2NaOH2NaNO2(用于制硝酸工業(yè)中吸收尾氣中的NO和NO2)6NO+4NH35N2+6H2ONO2+2KI+H2ONO+I2+2KOH(不能用淀粉KI溶液鑒別溴蒸氣和NO2)4NO2+H2S4NO+SO3+H2ONO2+SO2SO3+NO3NO2+H2O2HNO3+NON2O5+H2O2HNO3HNO33HNO3+Ag3PO4H3PO4+3AgNO3Al+4HNO3(稀)Al(NO3)3+NO+2H2O3As2S3+28HNO3+4H2O6H3AsO4+9H2SO4+28NO4HNO3(濃)+CCO2+4NO2

19、+2H2O2HNO3+CaCO3Ca(NO3)2+H2O+CO26HNO3+FeFe(NO3)3+3NO2+3H2O4HNO3+FeFe(NO3)3+NO+2H2O30HNO3+8Fe8Fe(NO3)3+3N2O+15H2O36HNO3+10Fe10Fe(NO3)3+3N2+18H2O30HNO3+8Fe8Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2OFeO+4HNO3Fe(NO3)3+NO2+2H2O3H2S+2HNO3(稀)3S+2NO+4H2O4HNO34NO2+O2+2H2O(見光或受熱分解)NH3+HNO3NH4NO3(白煙)(用HNO3和濃H2SO4不能制備H2S、HI、HBr、SO2

20、)3Na2S+8HNO3(稀)6NaNO3+2NO+3S+4H2O3Na2SO3+2HNO3(稀)3Na2SO4+2NO+H2O3Cu2S+22HNO36Cu(NO3)2+10NO+3H2SO4+8H2O5HNO3(濃)+PH3PO4+5NO2+H2OP4+20HNO3(濃)4H3PO4+20NO2+4H2OS+6HNO3(濃)H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O3S+4HNO3(稀)3SO2+4NO+2H2OS+6HNO3(濃)H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O3As2S3+28HNO3(稀)+4H2O6H3AsO4+9H2SO4+28NOAs2S3+28HNO3(濃)2H3AsO4+3H2SO4+2

21、8NO2+8H2ONH32NH3+3CuO3Cu+N2+3H2O2NH3+3Cl2N2+6HCl8NH3+3Cl2N2+6NH4Cl4NH3+3O2(純氧)2N2+6H2O4NH3+5O24NO+6H2O4NH3+6NO5N2+6HO(用氨清除NO)NH3+HClNH4Cl(白煙)NH3+HNO3NH4NO3(白煙)2NH3+H2SO4(NH4)2SO4NH3+NaCl+H2O+CO2NaHCO3+NH4Cl(侯氏制堿法)2NH3+SO2+H2O(NH4)2SO3NH3·H2ONH3+H2ONH3+H2ONH3·H2ONH4+OH-NH4ClNH4ClNH3+HCl2NH4

22、Cl+Ca(OH)2CaCl2+NH3+H2ONH4Cl+NaOHNaCl+NH3+H2ONH4Cl+NaOHNaCl+NH3·H2O2.磷P2O3、P2O5、P4S3P2O5+H2O(冷)2HPO3P2O5+3H2O(熱)2H3PO4(P2O5極易吸水、可作氣體干燥劑)P2O5+3H2SO4(濃)2H3PO4+3SO3P2O5+2NaOH2NaPO3+H2OP2O5+6NaOH2Na3PO3+3H2OP4S3+38HNO3+8H2O9H2SO4+12H3PO4+38NOH3PO44H3PO4+Ca3(PO4)23Ca(H2PO4)2H3PO4(濃)+NaBrNaH2PO4+HBrH

23、3PO4(濃)+NaINaH2PO4+HI碳族元素、氧族元素一、碳族元素1.碳CC+2F2CF4C+2Cl2CCl42C+O2(少量)2COC+O2(足量)CO2C+CO22COC+H2OCO+H2(生成水煤氣)2C+SiO2Si+2CO(制得粗硅)C+SiSiC(金剛砂)C+2SCS23C+CaOCaC2+CO3C+SiO2SiC+2COC+2H2SO4(濃)CO2+2SO2+2H2OC+4HNO3(濃)CO2+4NO2+2H2OCO2CO+O22CO2CO+CuOCu+CO23CO+Fe2O32Fe+3CO2CO+H2OCO2+H2CO2CO2+2Mg2MgO+CCO2+H2OH2CO3C

24、O2+2NaOH(過量)Na2CO3+H2OCO2(過量)+NaOHNaHCO3CO2+Ca(OH)2(過量)CaCO3+H2O2CO2(過量)+Ca(OH)2Ca(HCO3)2CO2+2NaAlO2+3H2O2Al(OH)3+Na2CO3CO2+C6H5ONa+H2OC6H5OH+NaHCO3CO2+Na2ONa2CO32CO2+2Na2O22Na2CO3+O2CO2+NH3+NaCl+H2ONaHCO3+NH4Cl(侯氏制堿法)H2CO3H2CO3CO2+H2O2.硅SiSi(粗)+2Cl2SiCl4SiCl4+2H2Si(純)+4HClSi(粉)+O2SiO2Si+CSiC(金剛砂)Si

25、+2NaOH+H2ONa2SiO3+2H2SiO22C+SiO2Si+2CO3C+SiO2SiC+2CO2Mg+SiO22MgO+Si4HF+SiO2SiF4+2H2OSiO2+2H2Si+2H2OSiO2+2Mg2MgO+SiSiO2+CaOCaSiO3SiO2+2NaOHNa2SiO3+H2O(常溫下強堿緩慢腐蝕玻璃)SiO2+Na2CO3Na2SiO3+CO2SiO2+CaCO3CaSiO3+CO22NaOH+SiO2Na2SiO3+H2O二、氧族元素1.氧O2O2+2H22H2OO2+KKO22O2+3FeFe3O4O2+SSO2O2+N22NO3O22O34P+5O22P2O5C+O

26、2(足量)CO2Si+O2SiO24Na+O22Na2O2Na2O+O22Na2O2H2O2F2+2H2O4HF+O2Cl2+H2OHCl+HClO2Na+2H2O2NaOH+H2Mg+2H2OMg(OH)2+H23Fe+4H2O(g)Fe3O4+4H22H2O2H2+O2SO2+H2OH2SO3SO3+H2OH2SO43NO2+H2O2HNO3+NON2O5+H2O2HNO3P2O5+H2O(冷)2HPO3P2O5+3H2O(熱)2H3PO4CO2+H2OH2CO3H2O22H2O22H2O+O2H2O2+Cl22HCl+O25H2O2+2KMnO4+6HCl2MnCl2+2KCl+5O2+

27、8H2O2.硫SS+H2H2S2S+CCS2S+FeFeSS+2CuCu2S3S+2AlAl2S3S+ZnZnSS+O2SO2S+6HNO3(濃)H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O3S+4HNO3(稀)3SO2+4NO+2H2O3S+6NaOH2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2OS+2NaNa2S(爆炸)S+MgMgSS+FeFeSS+2H2SO4(濃)3SO2+2H2OSO2SO2+2H2S3S+2H2O2SO2+O22SO32SO2+O2+2H2O2H2SO4SO2+Cl2+2H2OH2SO4+2HClSO2+Br2+2H2OH2SO4+2HBrSO2+I2+2H2OH2SO4+2HISO2+N

28、O2SO3+NOSO2+2H2S3S+2H2OSO2+H2OH2SO3SO2+2NH3+H2O(NH4)2SO3SO2+(NH4)2SO3+H2O2NH4HSO3SO2+Ca(OH)2CaSO3+H2O(不能用澄清石灰水鑒別SO2和CO2.可用品紅鑒別)2NaOH+SO2(少量)Na2SO3+H2ONaOH+SO2(足量)NaHSO3Cl2+SO2+2H2OH2SO4+2HClSO3SO3+H2OH2SO4SO3+MgOMgSO4SO3+Ca(OH)2CaSO4+H2OSO3+Na2ONa2SO4SO3+2KIK2SO3+I2H2SH2S+Cl22HCl+SH2S+MgMgS+H22H2S+3

29、O2(足量)2SO2+2H2O2H2S+O2(少量)2S+2H2O2H2S+SO23S+2H2OH2S+H2SO4(濃)S+SO2+2H2OH2SH2+S3H2S+2HNO3(稀)3S+2NO+4H2O5H2S+2KMnO4+3H2SO42MnSO4+K2SO4+5S+8H2O3H2S+K2Cr2O7+4H2SO4Cr2(SO4)3+K2SO4+3S+7H2OH2S+4Na2O2+2H2ONa2SO4+6NaOHH2S+FeFeS+H2H2S+CuCl2CuS+2HClH2S+2AgNO3Ag2S+2HNO3H2S+HgCl2HgS+2HClH2S+Pb(NO3)2PbS+2HNO3H2S+4

30、NO24NO+SO3+H2OH2SO3H2SO3+X2+H2OH2SO4+2HX(X表示Cl2、Br2、I2)2H2SO3+O22H2SO4H2SO3+H2O2H2SO4+H2O5H2SO3+2KMnO42MnSO4+K2SO4+2H2SO4+3H2OH2SO3+2FeCl3+H2OH2SO4+2FeCl2+2HClH2SO3H2O+SO22H2SO3+2H2S3S+2H2OH2SO4Zn+H2SO4ZnSO4+H2Fe+H2SO4FeSO4+H2Mg+H2SO4MgSO4+H22Al+3H2SO4Al2(SO4)3+3H22Al+6H2SO4(濃)Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O2NH

31、3+H2SO4(NH4)2SO42Al+6H2SO4(濃)Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2OH2S+H2SO4(濃)S+SO2+2H2OP2O5+3H2SO4(濃)2H3PO4+3SO3BaO2+H2SO4(稀)BaSO4+H2O2)Na2O2+H2SO4(冷、稀)Na2SO4+H2O2MgO+H2SO4MgSO4+H2OAl2O3+3H2SO4Al2(SO4)3+3H2O2H2SO4(濃)+CCO2+2SO2+2H2O2H2SO4(濃)+S3SO2+2H2O6H2SO4(濃)+2FeFe2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O2H2SO4(濃)+CuCuSO4+SO2+2H2OH2SO4(濃)

32、+2HBrSO2+Br2+2H2OH2SO4(濃)+2HISO2+I2+2H2OH2SO4(濃)+CaF2CaSO4+2HFH2SO4(濃)+NaClNaHSO4+HClH2SO4(濃)+2NaClNa2SO4+2HClH2SO4(濃)+NaNO3NaHSO4+HNO33H2SO4(濃)+Ca3(PO4)23CaSO4+2H3PO42H2SO4(濃)+Ca3(PO4)22CaSO4+Ca(H2PO4)2離子反應(按字母順序排列)Al2Al+6H+2Al3+3H22Al+2OH-+2H2O2+3H2Al3+3H2OAl(OH)3+3H+Al3+3OH-Al(OH)3Al3+4OH-+2H2O3A

33、l3+10OH-2Al(OH)3+2H2O(當n(AlCl3)/n(NaOH)=3:10時)Al3+3NH3·H2OAl(OH)3+32Al3+3+3H2O2Al(OH)3+3CO2Al3+3Al(OH)3+3CO2Al3+3HS-+3H2OAl(OH)3+3H2S2Al3+3S2-+6H2O2Al(OH)3+3H2SAl3+3+6H2O4Al(OH)32Al3+3Al2(SiO3)2+2H2OAl(OH)3+OH-+H+H2OAl(OH)3+4H+Al3+2H2O9+30H+2Al(OH)3+7Al3+12H2O(當n(NaAlO2)/n(HCl)=3:10時)3+Fe3+6H2O

34、Fe(OH)3+3Al(OH)3+H2OAl(OH)3+NH3+H2OAl(OH)3+2+CO2+3H2O2Al(OH)3+CO2+2H2OAl(OH)3+Al2O3+6H+2Al3+3H2OAl2O3+2OH-2+H2OAl(OH)3+3H+Al3+2H2OAl(OH)3+2OH-+2H2OAgAg+H2OAgOH+H+Ag+NH3·H2OAgOH+Ag+2NH3·H2O+H2OAg+Cl-AgClAg+Br-AgBrAg+I-AgI3Ag+Ag3PO42Ag+Ag2CO3Ag2CO3+2H+2Ag+CO2+H2OAg3PO4+3H+3Ag+H3PO42Ag(NH3)2+

35、2OH-+CH3CHOCH3COO-+2Ag+3NH3+H2O2Ag(NH3)2+2OH-+CH2OH(CHOH)4CHOCH2OH(CHOH)4COO-+2Ag+3NH3+H2OBaBa2+=BaSO4Ba2+=BaCO33Ba2+2Ba3(PO4)2Ba2+2OH-+CO2BaCO3+H2OBa2+2OH-+2H+BaSO4+2H2O(NaHSO4溶液中加Ba(OH)2,使溶液呈中性)Ba2+OH-+H+BaSO4+H2O(NaHSO4溶液中加Ba(OH)2,使Ba2+全部沉淀)BaCO3+2H+Ca2+CO2+H2OBr2Br-+Cl22Cl-+Br2Br2+SO2+2H2O2Br-+2

36、H+4Br-+2Fe2+3Cl22Fe3+2Br2+6Cl-(足量Cl2)2Br-+2Fe2+2Cl22Fe3+Br2+4Cl-(當n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=1:1時)10Br-+6Fe2+8Cl26Fe3+5Br2+16Cl-(當n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=3:4時)C+2Ag+Ag2CO3+Ba2+BaCO3+Ca2+CaCO3+2H+CO2+H2O+H2O+OH-3+2Al3+3H2O2Al(OH)3+3CO23+2Fe3+3H2O2Fe(OH)3+3CO2CO2+3H2O2Al(OH)3+CO2+2H2OAl(OH)3+CO2+OH-CO2+Ba2+2OH-BaCO3+H2O

37、CO2+2OH-+H2O3CO2+5OH-2+2H2O(當n(CO2)/n(NaOH)=3:5時)CO2+2H2OH4SiO4+CaCa2+2OH-+CO2CaCO3+H2OCa2+2OH-+SO2CaSO3+H2OCa2+2ClO-+SO2+H2OCaSO4+HClO+H+Cl-(少量SO2)Ca2+2ClO-+2SO2+4H2OCaSO4+2Cl-+4H+(足量SO2)Ca2+2ClO-+CO2+H2OCaCO3+2HClOCaCO3+2H+Ca2+CO2+H2OClCl2+H2OCl-+H+HClOCl2+2OH-Cl-+ClO-+H2OCl2+2OH-Cl-+ClO-+H2OCl2+2

38、I-2Cl-+I2Cl2+H2SO3+H2O2Cl-+4H+Cl2+H2S2Cl-+2H+SCl2+2Fe2+2Fe3+2Cl-(向FeBr2溶液中少量Cl2)3Cl2+2Fe2+4Br-2Fe3+2Br2+6Cl-(足量Cl2)2Cl2+2Fe2+2Br-2Fe3+Br2+4Cl-(當n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=1:1時)8Cl2+6Fe2+10Br-6Fe3+5Br2+16Cl-(當n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=3:4時)Cl2+2I-2Cl-+I2Cl2+2I-I2+2Cl-(向FeI2溶液中通入少量Cl2)3Cl2+2Fe2+4I-2Fe3+2I2+6Cl-(足量Cl2)4Cl2

39、+2Fe2+6I-2Fe3+3I2+8Cl-(當n(FeI2)/n(Cl2)=3:4時)2Cl-+4H+MnO2Mn2+Cl2+2H2OCl-+Ag+AgClClO-+H+HClOClO-+SO2+H2O2H+Cl-+ClO-+H2OHClO+OH-Cr+6Fe2+14H+6Fe3+2Cr3+7H2OCuCu+2Fe3+2Fe2+Cu2+3Cu+2+8H+3Cu2+2NO+4H2OCu2+2H2OCu(OH)2+2H+Cu2+2NH3·H2OCu(OH)2+2NH4+Cu2+2Na+2H2O2Na+Cu(OH)2+H2Cu2+H2S2H+CuSCu2+FeCu+Fe2+Cu2+2OH

40、-Cu(OH)2CuO+2H+Cu2+H2OFeFe+2H+=Fe2+H2Fe+Cu2+=Fe2+CuFe+2Fe3+3Fe2+Fe2+2OH-Fe(OH)22Fe2+Cl22Fe3+2Cl-2Fe2+Br22Fe3+2Br-4Fe2+O2+4H+Fe3+2H2O12Fe2+3O2+6H2O8Fe3+4Fe(OH)32Fe2+H2O2+2H+2Fe3+2H2O6Fe2+14H+6Fe3+2Cr3+7H2O5Fe2+8H+5Fe3+Mn2+4H2O3Fe2+4H+3Fe3+NO+2H2OFe2+S2-FeS2Fe2+Cl22Fe3+2Cl-(向FeBr2溶液中通入少量Cl2)2Fe2+4Br-+

41、3Cl22Fe3+2Br2+6Cl-(足量Cl2)2Fe2+2Br-+2Cl22Fe3+Br2+4Cl-(當n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=1:1時)6Fe2+10Br-+8Cl26Fe3+5Br2+16Cl-(當n(FeBr2)/n(Cl2)=3:4時)2Fe2+4I-+3Cl22Fe3+2I2+6Cl-(向FeI2溶液中足量Cl2)2Fe2+6I-+4Cl22Fe3+3I2+8Cl-(當n(FeI2)/n(Cl2)=3:4時)Fe3+3OH-Fe(OH)32Fe3+Cu2Fe2+Cu2+2Fe3+Fe3Fe2+2Fe3+Zn2Fe2+Zn2+2Fe3+3Zn2Fe+3Zn2+Fe3+3Fe

42、(OH)3+3CO2Fe3+3+6H2OFe(OH)3+3Al(OH)32Fe3+3+3H2O2Fe(OH)3+3CO22Fe3+H2S2Fe2+S+2H+2Fe3+S2-2Fe2+S2Fe3+2I-2Fe2+I22Fe3+SO2+2H2O2Fe2+4H+Fe3+3SCN-(紅色溶液)Fe3+3H2O(膠體)+3H+FeO+2H+Fe2+H2OFe2O3+6H+Fe3+3H2OFe3O4+8H+Fe2+2Fe3+4H2OFeS+2H+Fe2+H2SH2OH+OH-H2O2H2O+2Na2Na+2OH-+H22H2O+2Na2O2=4Na+4OH-+O2H2O+Na2O2Na+2OH-H2O+C

43、l2Cl-+H+HClOH2O2H2O2+2I-+2H+I2+2H2OH2O2+2Fe2+2H+2Fe3+2H2O5H2O2+2+6H+=2Mn2+5O2+8H2OH2O2+Cl22H+2Cl-+O2H2O2+SO22H+H2CO3系列H2CO3H+H+H2O+H2OH2CO3+H2O+H+CO2+H2O3+Al3+Al(OH)3+3CO23+Fe3+Fe(OH)3+3CO22+Ca2+2CaCO3+2H2O+(向NaHCO3溶液中加入少量澄清石灰水)+Ca2+CaCO3+H2O(足量澄清石灰水)+Ca2+CaCO3+H2O(向Ca(HCO3)2溶液中加入少量NaOH溶液)2+Ca2+2CaC

44、O3+2H2O+(Ca(HCO3)2溶液中加入足量NaOH溶液)+H2O(向NH4HCO3溶液中加入少量NaOH溶液)+2+H2O+NH3·H2O(向NH4HCO3溶液中加入足量NaOH溶液)2+SO2+CO2+H2O+H2OAl(OH)3+H3PO4系列H3PO4H+H+H+H3PO4+H2O+=+H2O+=+H2O+H2O+H2O+H2OH3PO4+H+H+H+H3PO4H2S系列H2SH+HS-HS-H+S2-H+S2-=HS-H+HS-=H2SH2O+S2-HS-+HS-+H2OH2S+H2S+OH-HS-+H2OHS-+OH-S2-+H2OH2S+Cl22Cl-+2H+S2

45、H2S+SO23S+2H2O2H2S+O22S+2H2OH2S+Cu2+2H+CuSH2S+(CH3COO)2PbPbS+2CH3COOHH2S+2OH-S2-+2H2O3HS-+Al3+3H2OAl(OH)3+3H2SH2SO3系列H2SO3H+H+H2OH2SO3+OH-+OH-+H2O+H+SO2+H2OH2SO3+Cl2+H2O2Cl-+4H+I2I-+2Fe3+2Fe2+I22I-+Cl22Cl-+I22I-+Br22Br-+I2I-+Ag+AgI2I-+H2O2+2H+I2+2H2O5I-+IO-+6H+3I2+3H2OI2+2OH-I-+IO-+H2OI2+5Cl2+6H2O12

46、H+10Cl-+2MgMg+2H+Mg2+H2Mg2+2OH-Mg(OH)2Mg2+MgCO3MgCO3+2H+Mg2+CO2+H2OMgO+2H+Mg2+H2OMg(OH)2+2H+Mg2+2H2OMnMnO2+2Cl-+4H+Mn2+Cl2+2H2O+5Fe2+8H+5Fe3+Mn2+4H2O2+5SO2+2H2O2Mn2+5+4H+2+5H2O2+6H+2Mn2+5O2+8H2O12+5C2H4+36H+12Mn2+10CO2+28H2O2+5+16H+2Mn2+10CO2+8H2ONa2Na+2H2O2Na+2OH-+H22Na+Cu2+2H2O2Na+Cu(OH)2+H2NH3系列+H2ONH3·H2O+H+2+H2OH4SiO4+2NH3+H2OAl(OH)3+NH3+2OH-+H2O+NH3·H2O(向NH4HCO3

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