微機(jī)原理實驗報告材料

1、微機(jī)原理實驗報告實驗名稱：MIPS匯編程序設(shè)計院系：電信學(xué)院班級：指導(dǎo)老師：實驗?zāi)康模?. 熟悉 MIPS 匯編程序開發(fā)環(huán)境，學(xué)習(xí)使用 Qtstim 工具。知道如何查 看存空間分配。2. 了解C語言語句與匯編指令之間的關(guān)系。3. 掌握MIPS匯編程序設(shè)計，掌握QTSPIM的調(diào)試技術(shù)。4. 了解MIPS匯編語言與機(jī)器語言之間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。5. 熟悉常見的MIPS匯編指令6.掌握程序的存映像。二、實驗容1. 用匯編程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)以下偽代碼：要求使用移位指令實現(xiàn)乘除法運算。Int main ()Int K,Y;Int Z50;Y=56;For(k=0;k<50;K+) Zk=Y-16*(k4/+210

2、);二、程序設(shè)計及分析1. C語言分析：有兩個變量是int型，一個數(shù)組型；還有一個循環(huán)執(zhí)行過程。2匯編程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)分析：首先需要定義用戶數(shù)據(jù)段，獲得一個存空間作為數(shù)組空間。再選定幾個寄存器作為K，丫以及輸出，其中輸出輸出和 Y可以合用一個寄存器。3設(shè)計思路：分配完空間地址后，最重要的是完成循環(huán)控制。循環(huán)控制有兩個思路：可以是先判斷后循環(huán)；或者是先循環(huán)后判斷即如圖開始開始賦值賦值int K, Y ;int Z50 ;K=0;Y =int K, Y ;int Z50 ;K=O;Y =計算+計算K=<+1(+否K=k+1結(jié)束slti $t2,$t0,50 #判斷 k 是否于 50beq $t2,$

3、t3 （$t2=1 循環(huán)，否則結(jié)束。）slti $t2,$t0,50 #判斷k是否小于50,beq $t2,$0, #是則結(jié)束#否，循環(huán)四、程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)及調(diào)試分析1.匯編程序代碼實現(xiàn):方法一.data #定義用戶數(shù)據(jù)段z:.space 200數(shù)組為int型，大小為50,所以占存4*50str:.asciiz ""#輸出結(jié)果之間的空隙.textmain: la $s0,z #$s0 #為數(shù)組在 zli $t0,0 #$s1 #代表 k 計數(shù)，初始值為 0li $t1,56 #$t2 #弋表 Y,初值為 56loop:slti $t2,$t0,50 #判斷 k 是否于 50beq

4、$t2,$0,done #當(dāng)k大于等于50,跳轉(zhuǎn)結(jié)束 srl $t3,$t0,2 #k/4addi $t3,$t3,210 #k/4+210sll $t3,$t3,4 #16*(k/4+210)sub $t3,$t1,$t3 #y-16*(k/4+210)sw $t3,0($s0) #寫進(jìn) zkli $v0,1#輸出addi $a0,$s0,0syscallli $v0,4 #輸出間隔la $a0,strsyscall addi $s0,$s0,4 #地址移一位j loop #循環(huán)done:li $v0,10syscall2調(diào)試過程1. 編寫程序：詳細(xì)見代碼2. 裝載程序QtSpim-File

5、 Simuldlur Hcgisteis ItSegment Data Segrnenl Wiidow HelpfVZl*rll$l>*t»Ttil選擇file，選擇Re in itialize and Load File把寫好的文件導(dǎo)入 QtSpim。3. 如果沒有錯誤，便運行。點擊上圖的小三角運行之后點擊不同的窗口便可得到我們想要的結(jié)果。具體詳細(xì)結(jié)果如下圖存占用情況映像Vs«x data s«gment lOOOOCOO10040000100000DD1,.lOOOffff0000000010010000Jffftfiiefffff318fffffjis

6、10010019fffff308fffff3oefffff30&fffff3061D0100ZOJfffffZfSfffff2f8fffff2f3fffff2f8100100301fffff2eSfffff2e8fffff2e9ffff2eC10Q1004DfffffZdSfffffEdSfffffZdBfffffZdS10010050fffff2c9fffff2c8fffff2c9fffff2c610010060fffff2bSfffff2b8fffffZbafffff2bS10010070fffff2a0fffff2a8fffff2aSfffff2aS100100BOfffff29

7、8fffff290fffff259fffff29810010090fffff296fffff20&fffff289fffff2G6lOOlOOaOJfffff27Bfffff278fffff270fffff27SflOOlOObOlfffff268fffff2SlOOlOQcQJ20202020CQCC C20lOOlOOdOl1003ffff00000000分析：由圖可知數(shù)組地址從 0Xfffff318 0Xfffff258; 每行有四個是一樣的，總共50個地址。這是因為數(shù)組含有50個元素，而int型數(shù) 據(jù)占4個字節(jié)空間，字對齊方式，所以連續(xù)四個地址是相同的而且有上表也可以得出Qps

8、tim仿真器是按大字節(jié)序數(shù)據(jù)段存映像表格如下（數(shù)值都米用16進(jìn)制）存地址（16進(jìn)制）變量名值存地址（16 進(jìn)制）變量名值fffff318Z0268500992fffff2b8Z25268501092fffff318Z1268500996fffff2b8Z26268501096fffff318Z2268501000fffff2b8Z27268501100fffff318Z3268501004fffff2a8Z28268501104fffff308Z4268501008fffff2a8Z29268501108fffff308Z5268501012fffff2a8Z30268501112fffff3

9、08Z6268501016fffff2a8Z31268501116fffff308Z7268501020fffff298Z32268501120fffff2f8Z8268501024fffff298Z33268501124fffff2f8Z9268501028fffff298Z34268501128fffff2f8Z10268501032fffff298Z35268501132fffff2f8Z11268501036fffff288Z36268501136fffff2e8Z12268501040fffff288Z37268501140fffff2e8ffff288Z3

10、8268501144fffff2e8ffff288Z39268501148fffff2e8ffff278Z40268501152fffff2d8Z16268501056fffff278Z41268501156fffff2d8ffff278Z42268501160fffff2d8ffff278Z43268501164fffff2d8Z19268501068fffff268Z44268501168fffff2c8Z20268501072fffff268Z45268501172fffff2c8Z2

11、1268501076fffff268Z46268501176fffff2c8Z22268501080fffff268Z47268501180fffff2c8Z23268501084fffff258Z48268501184fffff2b8Z24268501088fffff258Z49268501188點擊 Window選擇console得下圖運行結(jié)果顯示Console_ 26850G99226850099626850100026650100426950100325850101226850101626950102026BSO1G242695G102B2635010322oc5C'lJ3c2

12、635010402bb5UlC442fcS5CjlO4S2685010522585010562C850106026050106426350106326B50107226650107626950108026B5G1G0426S501Q552685010923«85010»626350110026B5Q11Q42685011DB2&B50111226B50111626950112026050112426050112026350113226E50113C2C8501L4Q26850114126850114B25B50115226050115626350116026B501

13、16426050116026350117226E50117626850118026B50L184269501183代碼段存映像地址機(jī)器碼匯編指令004000140c100009jal 0x00400024 mai n0040001800000000nop0040001c3402000aori $2, $0, 10004000200000000csyscall004000243c101001lui $16, 4097 z0040002834080000ori $8, $0, 00040002c34090038ori $9, $0, 5600400030290a0032slti $10, $8,

14、500040003411400010beq $10, $0, 64 do ne-0x004000340040003800085882srl $11, $8, 20040003c216b00d2addi $11, $11,21000400040000b5900sll $11, $11,400400044012b5822sub $11, $9, $1100400048ae0b0000sw $11, 0($16)0040004c34020001ori $2, $0, 10040005022040000addi $4, $16, 0004000540000000csyscall004000583402

15、0004ori $2, $0, 4地址機(jī)器碼匯編指令0040005c 3c011001lui $1,4097 str00400060 342400c8ori $4, $1,200 str00400064 0000000csyscall00400068 22100004addi $16, $16, 40040006c 21080001addi $8, $8, 100400070 0810000cj 0x00400030 loop00400074 3402000aori $2, $0, 1000400078 0000000csyscall80000180 0001d821addu $27, $0,

16、 $180000184 3c019000lui $1, -2867280000188 ac220200sw $2, 512($1)8000018c 3c019000lui $1, -2867280000190 ac240204sw $4, 516($1)80000194 401a6800mfc0 $26, $1380000198 001a2082srl $4, $26, 28000019c 3084001fandi $4, $4, 31800001a0 34020004ori $2, $0, 4800001a4 3c049000lui $4, -28672 _m1 _800001a8 0000

17、000csyscall800001ac 34020001ori $2, $0, 1800001b0 001a2082srl $4, $26, 2800001b4 3084001fandi $4, $4, 31800001b8 0000000csyscall800001bc 34020004ori $2, $0, 4800001c0 3344003candi $4, $26, 60800001c4 3c019000lui $1, -28672800001c8 00240821addu $1, $1, $4800001cc 8c240180lw $4, 384($1)800001d0 000000

18、00nop800001d4 0000000csyscall800001d8 34010018ori $1, $0, 24800001dc 143a0008bne $1, $26, 32 ok_pc-0x800001dc800001e0 00000000nop800001e4 40047000mfc0 $4, $14800001e8 30840003andi $4, $4, 3800001ec 10040004beq $0, $4, 16 ok_pc-0x800001ec800001f0 00000000nop800001f4 3402000aori $2, $0, 10800001f8 000

19、0000csyscall800001fc 34020004ori $2, $0, 480000200 3c019000lui $1, -28672 _m2 _地址機(jī)器碼匯編指令80000204 3424000dori $4, $1, 13 _m280000208 0000000csyscall8000020c 001a2082srl $4, $26, 280000210 3084001fandi $4, $4, 3180000214 14040002bne $0, $4, 8 ret-0x8000021480000218 00000000nop8000021c 401a7000mfc0 $26, $1480000220 275a0004addiu $26, $26, 480000224 409a7000mtc0 $26, $1480000228 3c019000lui $1, -286728000022c 8c220200lw $2, 512($1)80000230 3c019000lui $1, -2867280000234 8c240204lw $4, 516($1)80000238 001b0821addu $1, $0, $278000023c 40806800mtc0 $0, $1380000240 401a6000mfc