2020河南省部分市高二下學期期末英語考試題語法填空專題

1、2020河南省部分市高二下學期期末英語考試題語法填空專題01【南陽市2019-2020高二下期末】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SpaceX launches two NASA astronauts to spacefor the first time in historic US missionSpaceX has begun _41_ new chapter in the history of United States space fight.Elon Musks private space company on Saturday launched NA

2、SA _42_ (astronaut) Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley into orbit, successfully _43_ (begin) SpaceXs first crewed mission. The companys Falcon 9 rocket and Crew Dragon spacecraft took off from NASAs Kennedy Space Center in Florida _44_ 3:22 p.m. ET. The capsule is the first _45_ (private) designed and buil

3、t spacecraft _46_ (carry) astronauts to space and is bound for the International Space Station.Beyond the achievement for SpaceX, the launch represents the first time NASA _47_ (launch) its own astronauts since the end of the space shuttle program nearly a decade ago.“It was _48_ (incredibly),” NASA

4、 astronaut Bob Behnken said of the launch, moments after the spacecraft reached orbit. “Appreciate all the hard work and thanks for the great ride to space.”Known as Demo-2, the launch represents the culmination of SpaceXs work thus far. Musk _49_ (found) the company in 2002 and has since declared i

5、ts informal credo to be “making humanity a multi-planetary species.” To date, SpaceX has launched dozens of satellites and spacecraft _50_, before Saturday, it had never put a human in space.【答案】41. a 42. astronauts 43. beginning 44. at 45. privately 46. to carry 47. has launched 48. incredible 49.

6、founded 50. but / yet【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道。在歷史性的美國任務(wù)中，SpaceX首次將兩名美國宇航局宇航員發(fā)射到太空?！?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：SpaceX已經(jīng)開始了美國太空戰(zhàn)斗史上的新篇章。chapter“章”是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，且new以輔音音節(jié)開頭，應(yīng)使用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?2題詳解】考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：埃隆·馬斯克的私人航空公司上周六將美國宇航局宇航員鮑勃·貝恩肯和道格·赫利送入軌道，成功地開始了SpaceX的第一次載人飛行任務(wù)。astronaut是可數(shù)名詞，由Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley可知

7、，指兩個宇航員，應(yīng)用名詞復數(shù)。故填astronauts。【43題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。分析句子可知，句子的謂語動詞launched，故begin用非謂語動詞形式做狀語，begin與邏輯主語Elon Musks private space company是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。故填beginning?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。表示時間用介詞at，表示“在下午3:22”。故填at。【45題詳解】考查副詞。修飾非謂語動詞designed，應(yīng)用副詞privately做狀語，故填privately。46題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，carry astronauts to spac

8、e是目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式形式，故填to carry?！?7題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：除了SpaceX的成就外，這次發(fā)射是美國宇航局自近十年前航天飛機計劃結(jié)束以來第一次發(fā)射自己的宇航員。根據(jù)時間狀語since the end of the space shuttle program nearly a decade ago.可知，表示從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，用現(xiàn)在完成時，且主語NASA是第三人稱單數(shù)。故填has launched?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。was是系動詞，接形容此處作表語，incredibly是副詞，形容詞是incredible。故填incredible?！?9題詳解】考

9、查動詞時態(tài)。分析句子可知，found做句子謂語動詞，由時間狀語in 2002可知，用一般過去時。故填founded。【50題詳解】考查連詞。句意：到目前為止，SpaceX已經(jīng)發(fā)射了幾十顆衛(wèi)星和航天器，但是在星期六之前，它從未將人類送入太空。前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but /yet。02【濮陽市2019-2020高二下期末】第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Peking University is a major Chinese research university in Beijing. _41_ (found) i

10、n 1898, it served _42_ the first modern national university in China. By the early 1920s, Peking University _43_ (become) a center for Chinas emerging (新興的) progressive thought. The university had played _44_ important role in the birth of Chinas many significant events. Also, Peking University has

11、educated and hosted many outstanding modern Chinese _45_ (figure).Peking Universitys school library is one of the _46_ (large) libraries in the world with over 8 million volumes. In _47_ (add) to academics, Peking University is _48_ (especial) well-known for its campus, _49_ now lies in northwest Be

12、ijing, near the Summer Palace. The beauty of _50_ (it) traditional Chinese architecture is also highly appreciated by the architects and tourists.【答案】41. Founded 42. as 43. had become 44. an 45. figures 46. largest 47. addition 48. especially 49. which 50. its【解析】這是一篇說明文。北京大學是中國最著名的大學之一。本文介紹了它的歷史和文化

13、。同時也介紹了它的圖書館和美麗的校園建筑?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知found在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞，與邏輯主語it構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Founded。【42題詳解】考查介詞。句意：始建于1898年，它作為中國第一所現(xiàn)代化的國立大學。結(jié)合句意表示“充當，作為”短語為serve as。故填as?！?3題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：到20世紀20年代初，北京大學已經(jīng)成為中國新興進步思想的中心。根據(jù)上文By the early 1920s可知“by+表示過去的時間點”，表示“到為止，在之前”在句中做狀語的時候，主句中謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去完成時，故填ha

14、d become?！?4題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：這所大學在中國許多重大事件的發(fā)生中發(fā)揮了重要作用。結(jié)合句意表示“在發(fā)揮重要作用”短語為play an important role in。故填an?！?5題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。figure為可數(shù)名詞，表示“人物”，由many修飾應(yīng)用復數(shù)形式。故填figures。【46題詳解】考查最高級。句意：北京大學圖書館是世界上最大的圖書館之一，藏書超過800萬冊。結(jié)合句意表示“最大的”應(yīng)用形容詞最高級，結(jié)構(gòu)one of+形容詞最高級，故填largest?！?7題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：除了學術(shù)之外，北京大學還以它的校園而聞名，它現(xiàn)在位于北京西北部，靠近頤和

15、園。結(jié)合句意表示“除了之外”短語為in addition。故填addition?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。修飾后文well-known應(yīng)用副詞especially，表示“特別，尤其”。故填especially。【49題詳解】考查定語從句。本空引導非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞campus，且從句中缺少主語，指物，that不能引導非限制性定語從句，故用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which?！?0題詳解】考查代詞?？蘸蟮腶rchitecture是中心名詞，所以本空為形容詞性物主代詞作定語。故填its。03【商丘市2019-2020高二下期末】第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在

16、空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Often, news reports on health and medicine can be confusing. Large newspapers, magazines, TV networks, and radio stations often have medical_41_（journalist） to cover developments in health and medicine. Their job is to report scientific information in a way that's easy fo

17、r ordinary people_42_(understand). Many health stories are _43_ (accuracy) and balanced. But not all are. Sometimes, a journalist tries to quickly change information to a short news story, and he/she may oversimplify the information. In that case, _44_you see may not be the whole picture.So you need

18、 to get closer to a _45_ (true) when you come across a news report online. To achieve this, ask _46_ (you) whether the news is based on a scientific study. Sometimes, although a study _47_ (do) in people, it may not apply_48_you. For example, findings from studies involving only adults may not be tr

19、ue for teens. So _49_ (know) the study's process matters too. Besides, you can put keywords from _50_ news report into a search engine and see what comes up. The results will give you many different perspectives(觀點) so you're not relying on just one news report for the facts.【答案】41. journali

20、sts 42. to understand 43. accurate 44. what 45. truth 46. yourself 47. is done 48. to 49. knowing 50. the【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述網(wǎng)上有很多健康報道是不科學的，需仔細辨別?！?1題詳解】考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：大的報紙、雜志、電視網(wǎng)站和廣播站常常有醫(yī)療記者來報道健康和醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展。journalist是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)“Large newspapers, magazines, TV networks, and radio stations”可知，此處應(yīng)使用復數(shù)形式，故填journalis

21、ts?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們的工作是用一種普通人能理解的簡單方式報道科學信息。“it is+形容詞+to do sth.”是固定句型，意為“對某人來說做某事是的”，it是形式主語，不定式是真正的主語，故填to understand。【43題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：很多健康故事是準確的、全面公正的。根據(jù)空前的are可知，空處應(yīng)填一個形容詞和balanced并列作表語，故填accurate?！?4題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：在那種情形下，你所看到的并不是整個畫面。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導主語從句，引導詞在從句中作賓語，表示“看到的東西”，應(yīng)使用what引導，故填what。【45

22、題詳解】考查名詞。句意：所以當你在網(wǎng)上看到一篇新聞報道時，你需要更接近真相。根據(jù)空前的不定冠詞a可知，空處應(yīng)填一個名詞，故填truth?！?6題詳解】考查反身代詞。句意：為了達到這個目標，問問你自己這個新聞是否以科學的調(diào)查為基礎(chǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是祈使句，省略了主語you，空處作賓語，應(yīng)使用相應(yīng)的反身代詞yourself，表示“問你自己”，故填yourself?！?7題詳解】考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：有時，盡管一項調(diào)查是在人群中完成的，但它可能不適用于你。根據(jù)時間狀語Sometimes可知用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語a study和動詞do之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，故填i

23、s done?！?8題詳解】考查介詞。apply to是固定搭配，意為“適用于”，故填to?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：所以知道研究過程也重要。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作主語，應(yīng)使用動名詞形式，故填knowing?！?0題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：此外，你可以把新聞報道中的關(guān)鍵詞放進搜索引擎中，看看會出現(xiàn)什么。news report在上文中已出現(xiàn)，此處表示特指，故用定冠詞the修飾，故填the。04【信陽市2019-2020高二下期末】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In the fight against the SARS epidemic (疫情)

24、 17 years ago, Zhong Nanshan became a hero in the _41_ (heart) of many Chinese people, _42_ were calmed by his words and listened to his advice. Today, this hero comes to the focus once again and continues to reassure people while the nation is battling _43_ the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP).Whe

25、n the NCP was first reported in late December, the National Health Commission organized high-level experts to investigate the novel coronavirus. As a leading Chinese respiratory expert, Zhong _44_ (appoint) the head of the expert team. Despite being 84, he took on the task _45_ (immediate) and heade

26、d to Wuhan, _46_ center of the disease.In 2003, Zhong became a _47_ (trust) expert due to his _48_ (devote) to truth in the fight against SARS. Still _49_ (lead) the fight against the novel coronavirus, Zhong maintains his role of telling the truth and reassuring the public. As he told Beijing Telev

27、ision, in this critical situation, “morale, unity and cooperation _50_ (be) very important.”【答案】41. hearts 42. who 43. against 44. was appointed 45. immediately 46. the 47. trusted 48. devotion 49. leading 50. are【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了中國呼吸科專家鐘南山不僅在17年前的非典中做出了貢獻，也在今年新冠病毒斗爭中，接受了任務(wù)，前往疾病中心武漢奉獻自己的力量。【41題詳解】考

28、查名詞的數(shù)。本句意為“鐘南山成為許多中國人心中的英雄”，此處指“許多中國人的心中”，“心”在這里是復數(shù)，heart可數(shù)名詞，其復數(shù)形式可加s。故填hearts。【42題詳解】考查非限制性定語從句關(guān)系詞。先行詞many Chinese people后接一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞指人，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。【43題詳解】考查介詞。本句意為“今天，在國家正在與新型冠狀病毒肺炎作斗爭時，這位英雄再次成為焦點，并繼續(xù)安撫人們?！?，固定搭配battle against sth.（與某事作斗爭）。故填against。【44題詳解】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句子講述過去發(fā)生的事情，時態(tài)用一般

29、過去時，主語Zhong和謂語appoint是被動關(guān)系，要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)（was/were done），主語Zhong是單數(shù)，應(yīng)用was appointed。故填was appointed?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。immediate要修飾動詞短語took on，副詞修飾動詞，此空用副詞形式。故填immediately?！?6題詳解】考查冠詞。本句意為“盡管已經(jīng)84歲了，他還是立即接受了這項任務(wù)，并前往武漢（疾病的中心）?！保錆h是疾病中心，疾病中心特指武漢，用定冠詞the表特指。故填the?！?7題詳解】考查過去分詞。本句意為“2003年，由于在抗擊非典的斗爭中忠于真理，他成為一位被（人

30、）信賴的專家?！?，此處用過去分詞表被動，作形容詞使用，作定語，修飾名詞expert。故填trusted?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。該空前是形容詞性物主代詞his，后面接名詞形式。故填devotion?！?9題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。本句已有謂語動詞maintains且無連詞，此空用非謂語形式，主語Zhong和動詞lead是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）表主動，作狀語。故填leading?！?0題詳解】考查主謂一致。本句意為“正如他在接受北京電視臺采訪時所說，在這種危急的形勢下，“士氣、團結(jié)與合作非常重要?！?，該句是鐘南山說的話，在引號當中，表當時說的話，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語morale, un

31、ity and cooperation是三種不同的事物，是復數(shù)，主謂一致，謂語用復數(shù)形式。故填are。05【鄭州市2019-2020高二下期末】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。Before you throw an empty plastic bottle into the recycling dustbin, you should make sure that the lid (蓋子) is still attached. This advice seems to go against everything _41_ we h

32、ave been taught before. Its true that bottles and lids are typically made of different kinds of plastic. In the past, the plastic recycling industry was not _42_ (effective) recycling bottles with lids on so the message to remove the lid _43_ (create).Recycling _44_ (technology) have improved since

33、then, and keeping the lid on is no longer a problem now. The two parts are separated naturally in a process _45_ (refer) to as a water bath. The bottles float and the lids sink, which makes it easy _46_ (separate) them. On the other hand, removing the lids can cause them to be sorted improperly in the recycling process. Because of their small size, separate lids are often sorted _47_ piles of landfill (垃圾填埋) waste. They are also common ocean pollutants, and can be _48_ (harm) to animals in the ocean.Its also common for people to crush (擠壓變形) plastic bottles before _49_ (throw)