虛擬語氣 (2)

1、虛擬語氣虛擬語氣(The Subjunctive Mood)語氣語氣陳述：陳述：祈使：祈使：虛擬：虛擬：所說并非事實，而是想象所說并非事實，而是想象、假定或愿望假定或愿望試比較陳述與虛擬語氣：試比較陳述與虛擬語氣：1. If he comes, tell him to wait.2. If it rains tomorrow, they will not come.3. (Tom想打電話給想打電話給Ann，但不知道其號碼，他說但不知道其號碼，他說） If I knew her number, I would telephone her.4. If I were a bird, I would

2、fly in the sky.下達命令下達命令, ,提出要求（祈使句）提出要求（祈使句）敘述事實，提出疑問（陳述敘述事實，提出疑問（陳述, ,疑問疑問, ,感嘆句）感嘆句）虛擬語氣的用法：虛擬語氣的用法：（一）條件狀語從句（一）條件狀語從句1. If I had time, I would attend the meeting.2. If I were you, I should go abroad.3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.4. If you came tomorrow, we w

3、ould have the meeting.e.g.were to comeshould come（二）（二）wish后的賓語從句中后的賓語從句中（三）（三）as if/ though ,if only引導的從句中引導的從句中現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：將來：將來：一般過去時一般過去時(were/did)過去完成時過去完成時(had done)could/would/might/should +doe.g.1. I wish that I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.2. I wish that I had met that film s

4、tar yesterday.3. She talks to me as if she were my sister.4. It looks as if our team will win.（四）（四）would rather(寧愿寧愿)后的賓語從句中后的賓語從句中現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在/將來：將來：過去：過去：一般過去時一般過去時(were/did)過去完成時過去完成時(had done)e.g.1. Id rather you paid me now.2. Id rather you painted the wall green next time.3. If only I had taken his a

5、dvice.（五）（五）Its (high) time that句型句型中中 (做做的時間到了的時間到了)從句謂語動詞用從句謂語動詞用過去式過去式或或should +doe.g.Its (high) time (that) we left (should leave).（ 六）六）在四類詞之后的名詞性從句中，在四類詞之后的名詞性從句中，謂語動詞為謂語動詞為should +do (should可以省略可以省略)：命令：建議：要求：堅持：order commandsuggest, advise, propose, recommend(suggestion) (advice) (proposal)

6、demand, desire, request, requireinsiste.g. 1. The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.2. The doctors order is that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.3. The doctors order that she (should) stay in bed for a few days is right.試比較：試比較：2. His pale face suggested that he _ (

7、be) ill.1. The doctor suggested that she _ (stay) in bed .staywas2. We insisted that he _ (go) with us.1. He insisted that he _ (be) right.gowas虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣在虛擬語氣在 在主語從句中在主語從句中虛擬語氣虛擬語氣含蓄虛擬含蓄虛擬 特例特例If it hadnt been your help, we .(錯綜時間）混合虛擬錯綜時間）混合虛擬 特例特例If I had attended the meeting yesterday, I shoul

8、d know what to know do now.If I had attended the meeting yesterday, I would have met her.If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(現(xiàn)在-過去）He would have taken part in the party, But he was busy. (事實-假設）倒裝虛擬倒裝虛擬 特例特例Were it Sunday, We would be free.= Should he come, what should we say to him?Had he worked harder, he wound have passed his examinationIf it were = If he should If he had worked 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣We suggest that you (s