完形填空最早是由英國(guó)學(xué)者泰勒(Taylor)根據(jù)格式塔心理學(xué)的原理所

1、n完形填空最早是由英國(guó)學(xué)者泰勒（Taylor）根據(jù)格式塔心理學(xué)的原理所設(shè)計(jì)的。格式塔心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，人們觀察物體形狀時(shí)，往往會(huì)無意識(shí)地把物體看成是完整的，即使形狀中有空缺也會(huì)填補(bǔ)上去。人在閱讀過程中將空缺的詞語填補(bǔ)上去，也是同樣的道理。我們?cè)谧鐾晷翁羁盏臅r(shí)候就要特別注意，文章是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體-我們千萬不能割裂上下文的聯(lián)系啊。n先通篇了解一下這篇文章:nIn recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. S

2、ome experts say the _1_ is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs _2_ greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that _3_variety certainly makes the workers life more enjoyable, it doesnt _4_ make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then, _5_ is not an

3、 important factor.nOther experts feel that giving the worker_6_ to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that this is true. The _7_ is that this kind of freedom cant easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a _8_ way. Thus whi

4、le freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to _9_ it.nAnother important _10_ is how much each worker _11_ to the product he is making. In most factories the worker _12_ only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now _13_ with having many smal

5、l production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his_14_. It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor _15_ it is one we can do something about.nTo what_16_ does more money lead to greater producti

6、vity? The workers themselves certainly think this is _17_. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. _18_ just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A _19_ argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we _20_ making their jobs more interestin

7、g, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.n1. A. answer B. courseC. attemptD. systemn2. A. run acrossB. lead toC. result fromD. pick upn3. A. becauseB. asC. while D. as thoughn4. A. mentallyB. physicallyC. carefullyD. actuallyn5. A. varietyB. relaxa

8、tionC. creativityD. machineryn6. A. judgementB. freedomC. directionD. comfortn7. A. secretB. skillC. problemD. strengthn8. A. amusingB. dullC. changeableD. fixedn9. A. useB. createC. supplyD. fearn10. A. measureB. inventionC. consideration D. workn11. A. liesB. sticksC. objectsD. contributesn12. A.

9、likesB. equipsC. transportsD. seesn13. A. tired B. pleasedC. worryingD. experimentingn14. A. ownB. willC. lineD. handn15. A. butB. andC. soD. howevern16. A. extent B. qualityC. store D. differencen17. A. naturalB. importantC. worryingD. unbelievablen18. A. RestB. SportsC. MoneyD. Playingn19. A. comp

10、leteB. friendlyC. givenD. similarn20. A. advise B. succeed inC. object toD. are tried of現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行詳解:In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts say the _1_ is to make jobs more varied. n1. A. answer B. coursenC. a

11、ttemptD. system n本文主要是圍繞如何提高工人的生產(chǎn)力展開的。n1. A。前面說“許多國(guó)家面臨這種問題，就是如何才能使工人生產(chǎn)力高”，一些專家說“該問題的答案就是使工作多樣性”。But do more varied jobs _2_ greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that _3_variety certainly makes the workers life more enjoyable, it doesnt _4_ make him work harder. n2. A. run acrossB. lead

12、 ton C. result fromD. pick upn3. A. becauseB. as C. whileD. as thoughn4. A. mentally B. physicallyn C. carefully D. actuallyn2. B。作者發(fā)出質(zhì)疑，“工作多樣性就能導(dǎo)致更大的生產(chǎn)力嗎”。lead to“導(dǎo)致”。 n3. C。由句子it doesnt _4_ make him work harder可知前面的連詞表示“盡管”之意。n4. D。本句話意思是“有跡象表明盡管多樣性能夠使工人的生活更具有享受性，但實(shí)際上它并不能使工人們更努力地工作”。actually“實(shí)際上”。

13、nAs far as increasing productivity is concerned, then, _5_ is not an important factor. n5. A. varietyB. relaxationn C. creativityD. machineryn5. A。上面介紹了“多樣性”這個(gè)話題，所以現(xiàn)在予以總結(jié)“多樣性不是重要的因素”。nOther experts feel that giving the worker_6_ to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that t

14、his is true. n6. A. judgementB. freedomn C. direction D. comfortn6. B。由后面的解釋to do his job in his own way，可知“這是一種自由的表現(xiàn)形式”。nThe _7_ is that this kind of freedom cant easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a _8_ way. Thus while freedom of choice may b

15、e important, there is usually very little that can be done to _9_ it.n 7. A. secretB. skill C. problem D. strengthn8. A. amusingB. dull C. changeableD. fixedn9. A. useB. create C. supply D. fearn7. C。本句話中that從句中的內(nèi)容是存在的一個(gè)“問題”。n8. D。復(fù)雜的機(jī)械有一套“固定的”使用方法。fixed“固定的”。n9. B。根據(jù)意思“盡管選擇的自由可能重要，通常不能有為選擇它做什么?！眂re

16、ate“做”。nAnother important _10_ is how much each worker _11_ to the product he is making. n10. A. measureB. inventionn C. considerationD. workn11. A. liesB. sticksn C. objectsD. contributesn10. C。上文提到“給工人們更多的自由”，這是專家所考慮的一個(gè)方案，所以推斷是“另外一個(gè)重要的考慮”。n11. D。本句話意思是“另外一個(gè)重要的考慮就是每個(gè)工人對(duì)他生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品貢獻(xiàn)了多少”。nIn most factori

17、es the worker _12_ only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now _13_ with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his_14_. n12. A. likes B. equips C. transports D. seesn13. A. tired B. pleas

18、edn C. worryingD. experimentingn14. A. ownB. willC. lineD. handn12. D。每個(gè)工人只負(fù)責(zé)產(chǎn)品的某一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，所以認(rèn)為“工人只能看到產(chǎn)品的一個(gè)部分”。n13. D。提到的作法只不過是一些汽車廠家的實(shí)驗(yàn)。n14. C。由句子Some car factories are now _13_ with having many small production lines rather than one large one可知，所填詞表示“生產(chǎn)線”比較恰當(dāng)。nIt would seem that not only is degree of w

19、orker contribution an important factor _15_ it is one we can do something about. n15. A. butB. andC. soD. howevern15. A。本句話為not onlybut (also)結(jié)構(gòu)。 nTo what_16_ does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is _17_. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. n16. A. extent B. qualityn C. store D. differencen17. A. natural B. importantn C. worryingD. unbelievablen16. A。作者再次提出問題“更多的錢能夠帶來更大的生產(chǎn)率究竟到什么程度”。extent“