高中英語(yǔ)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)--優(yōu)質(zhì)課

1、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Nominative Absolute StructureIt rained.I stayed at home.怎樣將兩個(gè)句子合并？怎樣將兩個(gè)句子合并？要求：可以使用連詞連詞，請(qǐng)將句子合并成并列句并列句。 It rain so/and I stayed at home.并列連詞：and, or, but, so, for, when, while, neithernor, eitheror, notbut, not onlybut also要求：可以使用連詞連詞，請(qǐng)將句子合并為復(fù)合句復(fù)合句。 Because it rained yesterday, I stayed a

2、t home.要求：不適用連詞不適用連詞，將兩個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)句子一個(gè)句子。 It raining, I stayed at home.比較三句： It rain so/and I stayed at home. Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home. It raining, I stayed at home.1.The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day.(07重慶）A. finishing B. finished C. had f

3、inished D. were finished2.The meeting _over, we all left the room and drove home.（上海）A. isB. to be C. being D. would be3.There _no bus, we had to walk home.A. being B. to be C. was D. been解析：選解析：選B。此處考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如選。此處考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如選D項(xiàng)，項(xiàng)，their lessons前應(yīng)前應(yīng)加連詞，所以加連詞，所以D項(xiàng)不對(duì)；又由于項(xiàng)不對(duì)；又由于their lessons與與finish之間為動(dòng)賓

4、之間為動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)）關(guān)系，所以（被動(dòng)）關(guān)系，所以A、C兩項(xiàng)不對(duì)，選兩項(xiàng)不對(duì)，選B屬于屬于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 1.He lay at full length upon his stomach ，his head resting upon his left forearm他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，頭枕著左臂頭枕著左臂，直挺挺地趴伏著。，直挺挺地趴伏著。2.The coward was backing ，his face being deathly pale，toward another room那個(gè)膽小鬼向另一個(gè)房間退去，那個(gè)膽小鬼向另一個(gè)房間退去，臉色煞白臉色煞白。O

5、OOOHe lay at full length upon his stomach . His head rested upon his left forearm.The coward was backing toward another room His face was deathly pale.用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nThe work done ,we went home. n工作完成后，我們就回家了。 用作條件狀語(yǔ)用作條件狀語(yǔ)nWeather permitting , they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. n如果天氣允許的話(huà)

6、，他們將在明天組織一次海濱小游。 After the work had been done, we went home.If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.用作原因狀語(yǔ)用作原因狀語(yǔ)nThere being no taxis, we had to walk. 沒(méi)有出租車(chē)，我們只好步行。 用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)nHe was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.他躺在草地上，兩手交叉枕在腦后。 表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明nWe r

7、edoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我們加倍努力，一個(gè)人干兩個(gè)人的活。 功能：功能：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于描繪性文字中，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于描繪性文字中，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句或狀語(yǔ)從句或并列句并列句，常用來(lái)表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的，常用來(lái)表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間、原因、時(shí)間、原因、條件、行為方式或伴隨情況條件、行為方式或伴隨情況等。在口語(yǔ)和非正等。在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中，式文體中，一般用一般用從句從句或或兩個(gè)句子兩個(gè)句子來(lái)代替。來(lái)代替。 Attention! 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 表示表示時(shí)間、

8、條件或原因時(shí)間、條件或原因時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，一般放在從句，一般放在句首句首； 2. 表表伴隨狀況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明伴隨狀況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句，通常放于句，通常放于句末句末; Conclusion獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能1.The meeting overThe meeting over，we left the room2.He returned home，his face palehis face pale 3.Time permittingTime permitting，well visit the Summer Palace4.Th

9、ere being no busThere being no bus, I have to walk home.做原因狀語(yǔ)做原因狀語(yǔ)做伴隨狀語(yǔ)做伴隨狀語(yǔ)做條件狀語(yǔ)做條件狀語(yǔ)做原因狀語(yǔ)做原因狀語(yǔ)/做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)名詞名詞/主格代詞與主格代詞與現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞之間是之間是主謂主謂關(guān)系關(guān)系The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didnt know what to say. 姑娘兩眼望著他，他不知道說(shuō)什么好。 名詞名詞/主格代詞與過(guò)去分詞之間是主格代詞與過(guò)去分詞之間是動(dòng)賓動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。關(guān)系。The problems solv

10、ed (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 隨著問(wèn)題的解決，質(zhì)量已經(jīng)提高了。 名詞名詞/主格代詞與不定式之間是主格代詞與不定式之間是將來(lái)將來(lái)的或具體的動(dòng)作。的或具體的動(dòng)作。They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他們道別后，一個(gè)回了家，他們道別后，一個(gè)回了家，一個(gè)去了書(shū)店。一個(gè)去了書(shū)店。 Structure2. “名詞名詞/代詞代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作時(shí)間

11、狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)等。方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)等。(1) 作作 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)：Everyone having sat down, the teacher began his class.(相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句: When everyone had sat down)(2) 作作 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)：The boy leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. (相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)從句: Because the boy led the way

12、)時(shí)間時(shí)間原因原因(3) 作作 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)： My health allowing, I will work far into the night. （相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句：（相當(dāng)于條件狀語(yǔ)從句：If my health allows）(4) 作作 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)： We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest. 條件條件方式或伴隨方式或伴隨3. “3. “名詞名

13、詞/ /代詞代詞+ +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、方式或伴時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)等。隨狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)等。(1) 作作 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)：The test finished, well have our summer vocation. (2) 作作 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)：Thousands of eyes fixed upon him, Nick felt on edge.時(shí)間時(shí)間原因原因(3) 作作 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)：When in trouble, Sam would sit alone, head bend. (4) 作作 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)：

14、More time given, we can finish the work.方式或伴隨方式或伴隨條件條件名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+形容詞形容詞nAn air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飛機(jī)遭遇了空難，無(wú)一人生還。那架飛機(jī)遭遇了空難，無(wú)一人生還。 名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+副詞副詞nThe meeting over, they all went home. 會(huì)議一結(jié)會(huì)議一結(jié)束，他們就都回家了束，他們就都回家了 名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)nThe boy went to the classroom, b

15、ook in hand. 那男孩手里拿著書(shū)去教室。 在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果邏輯主語(yǔ)與介詞短語(yǔ)中的名詞都是在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果邏輯主語(yǔ)與介詞短語(yǔ)中的名詞都是單數(shù)單數(shù)名詞，在這些名詞前習(xí)慣上不用冠詞。但注意比較：名詞，在這些名詞前習(xí)慣上不用冠詞。但注意比較： He stood under a tree, hand in pocket. He stood under a tree, with a hand in his pocket.with a book in his hand名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+名詞名詞I received many gifts, many of them books.我收到很

16、多禮物，其中很多是書(shū)。我收到很多禮物，其中很多是書(shū)。There being +名詞（代詞）名詞（代詞）There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 沒(méi)有再要討論的事了，我宣布散會(huì)。沒(méi)有再要討論的事了，我宣布散會(huì)。 It being +名詞（代詞）名詞（代詞）It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣誕節(jié)的緣故，政府機(jī)關(guān)都休息。由于圣誕節(jié)的緣故，政府機(jī)關(guān)都休息。 There being +名詞（代詞）名詞（代詞）It being +名詞（代詞

17、）名詞（代詞）（一）（一）構(gòu)成構(gòu)成-獨(dú)立主格獨(dú)立主格（名詞或代詞名詞或代詞）后接）后接 doing, done, to do，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)或名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)或名詞構(gòu)成。即：構(gòu)成。即： 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+不定式不定式名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+形容詞形容詞名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+副詞副詞名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)名詞名詞/主格代詞主格代詞+名詞名詞1.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是一種結(jié)構(gòu)，不是一個(gè)句子，不獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是一種結(jié)構(gòu)，不是一

18、個(gè)句子，不需要用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。需要用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。2.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同，它有自己邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，表達(dá)它有自己邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，表達(dá)相對(duì)獨(dú)立相對(duì)獨(dú)立的意思，的意思，它獨(dú)立存在。它獨(dú)立存在。3.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般用逗號(hào)逗號(hào)與主句與主句分開(kāi)分開(kāi)。4.在句中只作在句中只作狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)，并可對(duì)主句進(jìn)行，并可對(duì)主句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。5.名詞或代詞與后面的分詞構(gòu)成一定的關(guān)系：名詞或代詞與后面的分詞構(gòu)成一定的關(guān)系： 如如與與現(xiàn)在分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞（doing)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系或構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系或與過(guò)去與過(guò)去分詞分詞(done)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系等。等。獨(dú)

19、立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)n考試結(jié)束了，我們開(kāi)始放假。考試結(jié)束了，我們開(kāi)始放假。 When the test was finished, we began our holiday The test finished, we began our holiday.n在向?qū)У膸ьI(lǐng)下，我們輕松地走出了森林。在向?qū)У膸ьI(lǐng)下，我們輕松地走出了森林。 Because the guide led the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. The guide leading the way, We had no trouble getti

20、ng out of the forest1.(由向?qū)酚上驅(qū)?,we set off on foot into the dark night. 2.(有那么多書(shū)要讀有那么多書(shū)要讀) , I cant kill time by playing cards 3. At the gate stood a PLA man,（手里握著槍手里握著槍?zhuān)?4.（做完家庭作業(yè)做完家庭作業(yè)），），he went to bed 5.（由于是星期天由于是星期天），）， we decided to go home. The homework done / finished （With his homework d

21、one / finished）It being SundayThe guide leading the way (With the guide leading the way)With so many books to readgun in hand （with a gun in his hand）with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 與與 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 它們都可以在句中作它們都可以在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀況等使用，伴隨狀況等使用，一般也可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換：一般也可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換：with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成是：的構(gòu)成是： withwith+ +名詞名

22、詞/ /代詞代詞+ +分詞分詞/ /不定式不定式/ /形容詞形容詞/ /副詞副詞/ /介詞短語(yǔ)等介詞短語(yǔ)等獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成是：的構(gòu)成是： 名詞名詞/ /主格代詞主格代詞+ +分詞分詞/ /不定式不定式/ /形容詞形容詞/ /副詞副詞/ /介詞短語(yǔ)等介詞短語(yǔ)等 withwith復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不可作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞構(gòu)則不可作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞. . Soon she arrived at a park with grass green and flowers in blossom. = Soon she ar

23、rived at a park whose grass was green and whose flowers were in blossom. 1. 1.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.2.2.作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ) With the weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm

24、ourselves. =The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.三、作條件狀語(yǔ)三、作條件狀語(yǔ) With time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. =Time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. 四、作伴隨狀語(yǔ)四、作伴隨狀語(yǔ) The mother was cleaning the house with her baby playing on the bed. =The mother was cleaning

25、the house, her baby playing on the bed. 無(wú)論無(wú)論withwith復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)還是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，都不可復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)還是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，都不可有動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)形式充當(dāng)其中的邏輯謂語(yǔ)。如下例有動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)形式充當(dāng)其中的邏輯謂語(yǔ)。如下例中的中的waswas就必須去掉：就必須去掉：He sat at the desk with a pen was in his right hand. Attention!Attention!He sat at the desk ,with a pen in his right hand.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的 beingbeing和和

26、having beenhaving been常可以省略。?？梢允÷?。All the windows (being) open, the air in the room is fresher.所有的窗戶(hù)都開(kāi)著，屋子里的空氣更加新鮮了。所有的窗戶(hù)都開(kāi)著，屋子里的空氣更加新鮮了。All the tickets (having been) sold out, we had to wait for the next weeks show.所有的票都賣(mài)出去了，我們只好等下周的演出。所有的票都賣(mài)出去了，我們只好等下周的演出。 Attention!Attention! 但當(dāng)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的但當(dāng)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的

27、 being done being done 表示表示“正在正在被做被做”時(shí)，時(shí)，being being 不可以省略。不可以省略。 當(dāng)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)是當(dāng)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)是it,thereit,there時(shí)，時(shí)，beingbeing不可以省略。不可以省略。The listeners having taken their seats, the concert began.聽(tīng)眾坐好后，音樂(lè)會(huì)開(kāi)始了。聽(tīng)眾坐好后，音樂(lè)會(huì)開(kāi)始了。 Attention!Attention!Tom having been late over and over, his boss was very disappo

28、inted.TomTom總是遲到，他的老板很失望?？偸沁t到，他的老板很失望。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時(shí)間或原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用完成時(shí)，表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)時(shí)間或原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用完成時(shí)，表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)沒(méi)有所有格形式。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)沒(méi)有所有格形式。The chief deitor arriving, we began the meeting.主編來(lái)了，我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)。主編來(lái)了，我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)表獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)表人體部位人體部位的詞作邏輯主語(yǔ)的詞作邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)，不及物

29、動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在分詞不及物動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在分詞，及物動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去分詞及物動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去分詞。He lay there, his teeth set, his fists clenched,his eyes looking straight up.他躺在那里，牙關(guān)緊閉，雙拳緊握，兩眼直視上方。他躺在那里，牙關(guān)緊閉，雙拳緊握，兩眼直視上方。 Attention!Attention!s英語(yǔ)中還有一些相對(duì)獨(dú)立成分的短語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)中還有一些相對(duì)獨(dú)立成分的短語(yǔ)。有些分詞短語(yǔ)可以獨(dú)立存在，在句子中沒(méi)有邏輯主語(yǔ)，有些分詞短語(yǔ)可以獨(dú)立存在，在句子中沒(méi)有邏輯主語(yǔ)，作為習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有：作為習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有：generally/fr

30、ankly/strictly/honestly speaking 一般一般/坦率坦率/嚴(yán)格嚴(yán)格/老實(shí)說(shuō)老實(shí)說(shuō)talking of / speaking of 談到談到/說(shuō)到說(shuō)到j(luò)udging from 由由.來(lái)判斷來(lái)判斷allowing for / considering that 考慮到考慮到 Attention!Attention!有些固定短語(yǔ)是帶有些固定短語(yǔ)是帶to的不定式，表明說(shuō)話(huà)人的立場(chǎng)和態(tài)的不定式，表明說(shuō)話(huà)人的立場(chǎng)和態(tài)度，在句中作獨(dú)立成分，常見(jiàn)的有：度，在句中作獨(dú)立成分，常見(jiàn)的有：to be honest/frank 老實(shí)說(shuō)老實(shí)說(shuō)to be sure 確實(shí)確實(shí)to tell you

31、 the truth 說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)to cut a long story short 長(zhǎng)話(huà)短說(shuō)長(zhǎng)話(huà)短說(shuō)to make matter/things worse更糟糕的是更糟糕的是 Attention!Attention! 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是由名詞或代詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是由名詞或代詞后接doing, done, to do,形容詞、副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)或名詞構(gòu)成的一種獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，用于修飾整個(gè)句構(gòu)成的一種獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，用于修飾整個(gè)句子，在句中常做狀語(yǔ)。子，在句中常做狀語(yǔ)。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的位置相當(dāng)靈活，可置于主句前、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的位置相當(dāng)靈活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗號(hào)將其與主句分開(kāi)。主句末或主句中，常由逗號(hào)

32、將其與主句分開(kāi)。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與主句不發(fā)生句法上的聯(lián)系獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與主句不發(fā)生句法上的聯(lián)系 。 切記：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與主句之間不能使用任何切記：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與主句之間不能使用任何連接詞。連接詞。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)The Absolute Structure獨(dú)立獨(dú)立主格主格結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)它不依賴(lài)于主它不依賴(lài)于主句，相對(duì)獨(dú)立句，相對(duì)獨(dú)立它的邏輯主語(yǔ)用代詞它的邏輯主語(yǔ)用代詞的的主主格格它是一種結(jié)構(gòu)，它是一種結(jié)構(gòu)，不是一個(gè)句子不是一個(gè)句子獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)練習(xí)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)練習(xí)1._no bus, we had to walk home. A. There being B. Being C. Having be

33、en D. There was2._no bus, we had to walk home. A. As there being B. As there was C. Being D. There was3._Sunday, the library doesnt open. A. Being B. There being C. It being D. Having been4._Sunday, the library doesnt open. A. As it being B. Being C. It is D. As it is5._, the train started. A. The s

34、ignal given B. Giving the signal C. The signal being given D. The signal giving6._, the train started. A. After having given the signal B. After the signal given C. Giving the signal D. After the signal was given7._, the text became easier for us to learn. A. Explaining new words B. New words explai

35、ned C. Being explained new words D. Having explained new words8._, the text became easier for us to learn. A. When new words were explained B. Explaining new words C. New words explaining D. Being explained new word9._, the patient can leave the hospital. A. Better conditions B. Conditions better C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions10._, the patient can leave the hospital. A. If better conditions B. If conditions better C. If conditions are better D. Being better conditions11._, wed like to go outing. A. Being Sunday B. Sunday OK C. Su