高中倒裝句語法講解課件

1、Inversion 倒裝句倒裝句 倒裝的目的倒裝的目的1.語法要求：語法要求： 疑問句，疑問句，there be, 祝愿句祝愿句2.修辭要求：修辭要求： 為了強調(diào)；為了強調(diào)； 為描寫生動；為描寫生動； 為銜接上下文；為銜接上下文； 為平衡句子為平衡句子May you succeed! Long live China ! May you return in safety!“倒裝句倒裝句”主要指的是謂語語序的倒裝主要指的是謂語語序的倒裝,當(dāng)然當(dāng)然也有賓語和表語語序的倒裝。倒裝句分為兩也有賓語和表語語序的倒裝。倒裝句分為兩種種:部分倒裝部分倒裝和和完全倒裝完全倒裝.Seldom have we fe

2、lt as comfortable as here. Is the dinner prepared? Can you speak French? 只將只將助動詞助動詞,系動詞或情態(tài)動詞系動詞或情態(tài)動詞移至主語之前，謂語的其他部分移至主語之前，謂語的其他部分仍保留在主語的后面，稱之為仍保留在主語的后面，稱之為部分倒裝部分倒裝.Is he your classmate? In came the headmaster, followed by a group of teachers. 將句子的主語和謂語完全顛倒過來，稱之為將句子的主語和謂語完全顛倒過來，稱之為完全倒裝完全倒裝. 注注: be 動詞動

3、詞為為唯一的謂語動詞時唯一的謂語動詞時只能完全倒裝只能完全倒裝.一、一、 部分倒裝部分倒裝部分倒裝是把部分倒裝是把情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞,系動詞或助動詞系動詞或助動詞放到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞放到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞,要在要在主語之前加主語之前加助動詞助動詞do / does / did等等,而把原來而把原來的謂語動詞變成的謂語動詞變成原形原形放在主語之后。部分倒裝放在主語之后。部分倒裝主要有以下幾種情況主要有以下幾種情況:1.句首由句首由否定或半否定意義的副詞或詞組開頭否定或半否定意義的副詞或詞組開頭的句子。的句子。 這類詞或短語主要有這類詞或短語主要有never, neithe

4、r, nor, little, no, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, few, not, by no means等等, 如如: Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy. I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):1) Hardly _ the airport wh

5、en the plane took off.A. I had arrived atB. had I arrived C. had I reached D. I had got to2) Have you ever seen anything like that before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seen B. never I have seen C. never have I seen D. I have seen3) She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A. so amB. nor amC

6、. neither doD. nor do2. only + 狀語狀語(從句從句)放在句首放在句首,要部分倒裝。如要部分倒裝。如:Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介詞短語介詞短語)Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副詞副詞)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.(從句從句) 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí): 4) Only in this way _ make pro

7、gress in your English.A. youB. can youC. you be able toD. will you able to5) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able toD. was able to he注意注意: Only he can help me with the problem. (非狀語不倒裝非狀語不倒裝)3. so或或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。如要部分倒裝。如

8、:I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):6) I like sports and _ my brother.A. so doesB. so isC. so canD. so likes7) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. Charlie did so B. so Charlie does C. Charlie does so D. so did C

9、harlie 8) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly.A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone couldC. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could4. Not only + 分句分句, but also + 分句分句句型中的前一分句型中的前一分句要部分倒裝，即句要部分倒裝，即“前倒后不倒前倒后不倒”。如。如:Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good a

10、t speaking it.但但not only.but also.連接主語時連接主語時,不倒裝。如不倒裝。如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick. 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):9) _ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.A. Not was only heB. Not only he C. Not only was heD. Not only was5. Not until放在句首放在句首, “主倒從不倒主倒從不倒”。如。如:Not until last week did they fi

11、nd the lost bike. (簡單句簡單句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (復(fù)合句復(fù)合句)注注: It was not until I arrived at home that I realised I had left my key at school. (強調(diào)句里強調(diào)句里無倒裝無倒裝) 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):10) Not until the early years of the 19th century _ know what heat is. A.

12、 man didB. manC. didnt manD. did man11) Not until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted.A. didnt IB. did IC. I didntD. I6. as引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句, 把把名詞名詞,形容詞或動詞形容詞或動詞 提到提到as前面前面,如如: Child as he is, he is very helpful to his mother.(可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)作表語提前可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)作表語提前,習(xí)慣上習(xí)慣上不加冠詞不加冠詞) Tired as he was,

13、 he kept on running.Try as he would, he might fail again.鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):12) _, hes honest.A. As he is poorB. Poor is he C. Poor as he isD. Poor as is he7. 在以在以often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, thus等等頻度副詞或方頻度副詞或方式的詞式的詞 (短語短語)開頭的句子中開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如如:Many a time has J

14、ohn given me good advice.Thus was the Emperor deceived. 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):13) Many a time _ swimming alone.A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy If you had reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination. = Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exa

15、mination. 虛擬條件句的謂語動詞如果有虛擬條件句的謂語動詞如果有 were, had, should 時時,可省略可省略if, 但其謂語須倒裝。但其謂語須倒裝。8.用于省略用于省略if的虛擬條件狀語從句的虛擬條件狀語從句:二、二、 完全倒裝完全倒裝完全倒裝有以下幾種情況完全倒裝有以下幾種情況:1. There be結(jié)構(gòu)。另外結(jié)構(gòu)。另外,在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代替在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代替be動詞的動詞有動詞的動詞有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, stand等。如等。如:There are many books on the desk. There see

16、ms a friend of mine in the company. There exist different opinions on this question.鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A. There stand; at B. There stands; under C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at2. “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或或be/go等等) + 主語主語” 結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。說明說明:本句型中本句型中the

17、re是副詞是副詞,應(yīng)應(yīng)重讀重讀,強調(diào)地點。強調(diào)地點。而前一句型中的而前一句型中的there是引導(dǎo)詞是引導(dǎo)詞,本身沒意義。如本身沒意義。如: Here comes the old lady! Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.除了除了then引導(dǎo)的句子用引導(dǎo)的句子用過去式過去式以外以外,其余的均用一般現(xiàn)其余的均用一般現(xiàn)在時在時,表示一種生動的描述。其次表示一種生動的描述。其次,如果如果主語是人稱代詞主語是人稱代詞,就就不用倒裝不用倒裝。如。如:Her

18、e you are.There she comes. 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):2) There _. And here _.A. goes the bell; she comes B. is the bell going; is sheC. does the bell go; does she come D. the bell goes; comes she3. 表示方向的副詞表示方向的副詞out, in, up, down等置于句首等置于句首,要用完要用完全倒裝。如全倒裝。如:Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy. (注注:代詞代詞不不倒

19、裝倒裝: Out he went. ) 鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí):3) Out _, with a stick in his hand. A. did he rushB. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush4) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.A. Jumped down the robberB. Jumped the robber downC. Down jumped the robber D. Down the robber jumped4. “分詞分詞/代詞代詞 + be + 主語主語結(jié)構(gòu)。如結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Walking at the head