高中英語虛擬語氣講解及練習(xí)和答案(共5頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上虛擬語氣虛擬條件句就是對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)條件的一種虛擬假設(shè)，所假設(shè)的條件一般不符合事實(shí)或與事實(shí)相反或在現(xiàn)實(shí)中發(fā)生的可能性極小。根據(jù)時(shí)間的不同，虛擬條件句可分為三種，即與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句、與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句及與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句。具體情況請(qǐng)看下表： 條件狀語從句主       句與過去事實(shí)相反had + 過去分詞should /would/could/might + have + 過去分詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反一般過去時(shí)(be用were)would/should/could/might + 動(dòng)詞原形

2、與將來事實(shí)相反一般過去時(shí)或should(were to) + 動(dòng)詞原形would/should/could/might + 動(dòng)詞原形例句：（1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示與過去事實(shí)相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldnt have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示與將來事實(shí)相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虛擬條件句的倒裝在虛擬

3、條件句中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)所假設(shè)條件的虛擬性，或突出說話人的一種主觀愿望，虛擬條件句可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。虛擬條件句的倒裝是通過去掉if，把條件從句謂語中的助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞放在句首實(shí)現(xiàn)的。例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句有時(shí)條件從

4、句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間并不一致，這時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所要表示的具體時(shí)間來確定。例如：If we hadnt been working hard in the past few years ，things wouldnt be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄條件句有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句的形式表現(xiàn)出來，而是通過某個(gè)介詞或介詞短語（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表現(xiàn)出來。這種句子稱為含蓄條件句。例如：But for the help from you ， I would not

5、 have had the chance to go to college.二、虛擬語氣在某些從句中的運(yùn)用在某些詞或短語后接的從句中要使用虛擬語氣，表示愿望、建議或命令等。根據(jù)虛擬語氣的形式不同，虛擬語氣可以分為“should類”和“過去時(shí)態(tài)類”。（一）should類這一類的虛擬語氣是通過從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞使用“should +動(dòng)詞原形”體現(xiàn)出來的，should可以省略。其具體運(yùn)用體現(xiàn)在：1. 在suggest ， order， demand ， propose， command， request， desire，insist等表示建議、命令、要求、意見的動(dòng)詞后接的賓語從句中要使用虛擬語氣。如：

6、He suggests that she should leave the house at once.The leader ordered that the task（should） be finished as soon as possible.He proposed that we （should）deal with the problem by the view of development.2. 與suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，desire，insist等動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞suggestion，order，demand，pro

7、posal等后的表語從句或同位語從句中要使用虛擬語氣。如：The general sent the order that the battle（should）be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.My proposal is that we（should） set a deadline for handing in the plan.3. 在It is/was suggested （ordered，demanded，proposed，etc.）結(jié)構(gòu)以及necessary，essential，important，strange，na

8、tural等形容詞后的主語從句中要使用虛擬語氣。如：Its requested that we （should）keep the stability of the society for the peoples peaceful life.It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should） be treated immediately.（二）過去時(shí)態(tài)類英語中，還有一些詞或短語后接的從句或句子，也要使用虛擬語氣，虛擬語氣是通過句中的謂語使用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（如：一般過去時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)等）來體現(xiàn)的。1. wish，would rather 后的賓語從

9、句。如：He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.I would rather you could teach me again.2. as if，as though引導(dǎo)的從句。如：The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.3. 由if only （要是，那該多好?。。┮龑?dǎo)的驚嘆句。如：If only I had passed the test！If only it

10、stopped raining！4. It is（about/high） time 后的定語從句。如：It is time we went out for a walk.It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.三、虛擬語氣的其它用法在英語中，一些表示建議、請(qǐng)求、勸告、愿望、祈禱、祝?；蛟{咒的句子，也需要使用虛擬語氣。如：Would you mind smoking here？May you be lucky！Long live the people of China！God save me.高中英語虛擬語氣練習(xí)題二選擇

11、題1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie2. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we _in turn, you _ so tired A. drove; didn

12、t get B. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5. I suggested the person _ to be put into prisonA. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer6. When

13、 a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_ A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the mo

14、vies today-I had rather she _ me tomorrow than today A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told9. -Would you have called her up had it been possible-Yes, but I _busy doing my homework A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meet A. would have taken par

15、t in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for12. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from going A. had been, would have prevented

16、 B. had been, would prevent C. were, preventD. were, would have prevented 13. _hard, he would have passed the exam A. If he were to workB. Had he workedC. Should he work D. Were he to work14. _today, he would get there by Friday A. Were he to leave B. If he had leftC. Did he to leaveD. Had he left15

17、. Had you listened to the doctor, you _all right now A. areB. wereC. would be D. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother A. has comeB. did comeC. comeD. had come17. He _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experiment. A. was, had helpedB.

18、was, would have helpedC. had been, would have helpedD. were, would have helped18. If it _for the snow, we_ the mountain yesterday A. were not, could have climbB. were not, could climbC. had not been, could have climbed D. hadnt been, could climb 19. Without electricity, human life _quite difficult t

19、oday A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be20. -I am going to tell her the news-I would as soon you _her about it A. didnt tellB. dont tell C. hadnt tellD. wont tell21. Mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted he _home A. stayedB. could stay C. has stayedD. stay22. It was requested that t

20、he play _again A. should put on B. would put onC. be put onD. put on23. She insisted that a doctor _ immediately A. had sent forB. sendC. be sent forD. was sent24. -Did you scold him for his carelessness-Yes, but _it A. Id rather not doB. Id rather not have doneC. I should t doD. Id better not do25.

21、 If only I _my car A. hadnt lostB. wouldnt loseC. didnt loseD. havent lost26. But for water, it _impossible to live in the earth A. isB. wouldC. wereD. wouldnt be27. I would rather you _anything about it for the time being A. doB. didnt doC. dontD. didnt28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan v

22、ery well as though he _ their own son A. isB. wereC. had beenD. should be29. How the old people wish that they _young once more A. wereB. could becomeC. had beenD. should be30. It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problem A. holdB. heldC. have heldD. had held31. The thief closed his e

23、yes _ he _dying A. even if , wasB. though, would beC. even, had beenD. as if, were32. I wish that you _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert A. had notB. did not have hadC. hadnt hadD. hadnt have33. The chairman insisted that we _the question again A. will discussB. to discussC. should discussD. will be discussed34. He requested that the students _them get in crops A. helpB. to helpC. helpedD. helping35. The guard