初中英語不定代詞講解及習題

1、不定代詞一、不定代詞概述不定代詞定義不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞常見不定代詞some類something, somebody, someoneany類no類every類其他all, each, both, none, one, much, many, (a)few, (a)little, either, neither, other, another充當成分作主語、賓語、表語、定語等二、常見不定代詞的基本用法1、 some和any: 都是“一些”的意思，都可與可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞連用。(1) some一般用于肯定句中，any 一般用于否定句或疑問句中。Eg. _(2) 在表示請求、

2、建議或希望得到肯定回答的疑問句中，應該用some而不用any。Eg. Would you please give me some paper? _(3) 當any 表示“任何”或“無論哪一個”的意義時，可以用于肯定句，此時any要重讀。Eg. You may come at any time that is convenient to you._2、 表示數(shù)量的不定代詞(1)many_, few_, a few_, 用以代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞。(2)much_, little_, a little_,用以代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。(3) _和_表示肯定意義，_和_表示否定意義。(4)a lot of

3、和plenty of 等短語既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。3、表示兩者和三者的不定代詞(1)表示兩者: both, either, neither (2)表示三者: all, any, none, every(3)表示肯定：both, all (4)表示否定：none, neither練一練：用以上不定代詞填空。我的父母都是醫(yī)生。_街道的兩邊都種了樹。There are trees on _ sides of the street. = There are trees on _ side of the street.他有兩個兒子，都不富有。He has two sons. _ of

4、 them is rich.他有三個兒子，都不富有。He has three sons. _ of them is rich.三、復合不定代詞的用法(1)復合不定代詞somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 構成的,叫做復合不定代詞,在句子中當單數(shù)使用。 (2)somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中；anything, anybody, anyone一般用于疑問句和否定句中。(3)如果要在疑問句中表示

5、請求、建議等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答復時，用somebody, someone 或something。(4) 修飾復合不定代詞的形容詞或不定式應放在它們的后面。Eg. He has nothing much to do today.他今天沒有多少事情做。 Lucy hasnt anything important to do. 露西沒有任何重要時做。四、疑難拓展1、few/a few/little/a little (1)后接名詞的不同。_和_后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，_和_后接不可數(shù)名詞。 Eg. There are _ new words in the text. 課文中有一些新單詞。 Ca

6、n you speak _ English? 你能說一點英語嗎？ (2)表示肯定意義和否定意義的區(qū)別。_和_ 表示肯定，_和_表示否定。 Eg. I have _ friends there. I often play with them. There is _ meat at home. Lets buy some.2、other/others/the other/another(1) other表示“另一個”的意思，在句中可作主語、賓語或定語，不獨立使用，通常修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。(2) others可獨立使用，無范圍限定。(3) other和others前面加定冠詞the 時表示特指，不加t

7、he 表示泛指。The other表示兩個中的另一個，常用于句型”onethe other”，the others 表示全部其余的人或物。Eg. I have two brothers. _ is a doctor; _ is a teacher.He is always ready to help _.Five of them are in the classroom. What about _?(4) another(另外一個，又一個)，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)名詞，可用作主語、賓語或定語，不獨立使用。前面不加冠詞。Eg. Dont lose heart. Have another try.(5

8、) Another 后可以跟few 或帶數(shù)字的復數(shù)名詞。Eg. Just think what our town will be like in another few years. Youd better stay in bed for another two weeks.3、 部分否定及完全否定Not與不定代詞all, both, every等表示全部意義的詞連用時構成部分否定；若要表示完全否定，則需要換用none, neither, no 等。練一練：翻譯下列句子。All of the students like the novel._Not all of the students li

9、ke the novel. _All of the students dont like the novel._None of the students like the novel. _4、 all, both, each等用作同位語若用作主語同位語，主語可以是名詞或代詞；若用作賓語等其他成分的同位語，則賓語等成分必須是人稱代詞，而不能時名詞。Eg. We all have read it.(all修飾的主語是代詞)The village all have been destroyed.(all修飾的主語是名詞)They told us all to wait here.(all 修飾的賓語

10、是代詞)5、 one 和it 的區(qū)別使用(1)it 指代前面的某物。Eg. Where is my pen? I cant find it.(it 指代前面提到的那支筆)(2)one可以指人，也可以指物。用來代替上文中提到的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞以及避免重復，其復數(shù)形式為ones。Eg. Your pen is so nice. I want to buy one like this.課堂演練一、 單選。1. The two fishermen saw_ in the sky while they were fishing by a river.A. something strange B. anyth

11、ing strange C. strange something D. strange anything2. - Is _ here? -No. Bob and Tim have asked for leave.A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody3.-Do you want tea or coffee? -_.I really don't mindA. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither4. The old man has two sons .One is a soldier, _ is a wor

12、ker. A. other B. the other C. others D. another5. There are shops on _ side of the street._ of them do not close till 12 at night.A. both; All B. every; None C. either; Some D. other; Many6. There is not _ meat in my bowl. There is _ chicken in it.A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any D. some; some7

13、. Could you do_for me, please?A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything8. Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know_ about the subject.A. a little B. little C. few D. a few9. -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?-_, thanks. I think I'll just have a glass of water.

14、A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either10. Tom shook his head and said to us there was _ in the classroom.A. anybody B. nobody C. somebody D. everybody11. Could I have _ bottle of apple juice, please?A. another B. other C. some more D. second12. There are 25 techers in this grade. Eight of them are wom

15、en teachers and _ are men teachers. A. the other B. the others C. others D. other13. They were all tired, but _of them took a rest. A. none B. all C. both D.either14. -We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which colour do you like? - Im afraid _. I think blue will be OK. A. both B. either C. neither D. n

16、one15. -Can I come this afternoon o tomorrow morning? -_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None二、按要求完成句子。1. Both Tom and Tim are good at sports.（改為否定句）_ Tom _ Tim _ good at sports.2. I cant speak much English.（同義句轉化）I _ speak _ English.3. There is something wrong wit

17、h his eyes.（改為一般疑問句） _ _ _ wrong with his eyes?4. This answer is right. That answer is also right（同義句轉化）_ this answer _ that one are right.5. They havent visited the village. She hasnt visited the village either.（連成一句）_三、下列句子中各有一處錯誤，請找出并改正。1. It is very difficult, and a few people understand it. _2.

18、 Too many work has to be done. _3. Why not buy any bread? _4. Anyone know how to do it. _5. There is not nothing wrong with the radio. _家庭作業(yè)一、 單選。1. The teacher asked the boy many questions, but he only ansewered _ of them.A.some B. lots C. each D. few2. -I need something for cutting the paper. -Oh, you want a knife? OK, Ill get _ for you. A. it B.that C. this D.one3.Two places of inteerest in Beijing are well known to people