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1、Unit 5 詞匯篇_學(xué)生通過本講學(xué)習(xí),能夠掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯句型,并在綜合能力上有一定的拓展。直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)(一)人稱: “一隨主。二隨賓,第三人稱不更新”?!耙浑S主”是指在直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),如果從句中的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱變化如: She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二隨賓”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),若從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第二人稱?;虮坏诙四闼揎?。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外

2、的主句的賓語(yǔ)一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語(yǔ)。也可以用第一人稱,如: He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)。如果從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如: Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。 (二)時(shí)態(tài): 直接引語(yǔ)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做

3、相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。如: 1)She said. "I have lost a pen."She said she had lost a pen 2)She said. "We hope so."She said they hoped so. (1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí) (2) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí) (3) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去將來(lái)時(shí) (4) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí) (5) 一般過去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)(6) 過去完成時(shí)不變,仍為過去完成時(shí) 但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化。 直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理。 "The ea

4、rth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 直接引語(yǔ)是過去進(jìn)行時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。如: Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"Jack asked John where he was go

5、ing when he met him in the street。 直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ),變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。如: Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,變間接引語(yǔ),時(shí)態(tài)不變。如: He said, "I get up at six every morning。" He said he gets up at six ev

6、ery morning。 如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式(例:ought to, had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí),(例:could, should, would, might)不再變。如: Peter said. "You had better come have today。" Peter said I had better go there that day。 (三)如何變狀語(yǔ): 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)津,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來(lái)”(例:now變?yōu)閠hen, yesterday。變?yōu)?the day befo

7、re)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ),由“此”改為“彼”(例:this 改為that),如: He said, "These books are mine." He said those books were his. 指示代詞 thisthese thesethose 表示時(shí)間的詞 nowthen todaythat day this week(month ,etc)that week (month ,etc) yesterdaythe day before last week(month ,etc)the week(month ,etc) befor

8、e three days (a year ,etc) agothree days (a year. etc) before tomorrowthe next (following ) day next week (month ,etc)the next (following ) week (month ,etc) 表地點(diǎn)的詞 herethere 動(dòng)詞 bringtake comego (四)句型: 直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如:She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."She said

9、 that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是反意疑問句,選擇疑問句或一般疑問句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.如:He said, "Can you swim, John?" He asked John if he could swim. "You have finished the homework, havent you?" my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

10、 "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句(賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序)。 She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?" She asked me when they had their dinner. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句,間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為"tell(ask, order, beg等

11、) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如: "Dont make any noise," she said to the children. She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Lets”開頭的祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用“suggest +動(dòng)句詞(或從句)?!比? He sa

12、id, "Lets go to the film." He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.1.She said to me that_ might keep_ book for two days.Ashe; this BI; that CI; this Dyou; that2. - We said to her, "They're walking through the street now."- We told her

13、that _through the street _.Awe were walking; thenByou are walking; nowCthey were walking; thenDthey walking; now3. The man thought, "I shall take it back tomorrow."The man thought that _take it back_.AI shall; tomorrow BI shall; the next dayChe should; tomorrowDhe would; the next day4.He s

14、aid, "Mother, the boy is very naughty." He _ very naughty.Asaid his mother that the boy wasBsaid to his mother that the boy isCtold his mother that the boy wasDspoke to his mother that the boy was5.Mrs Johnson said, “I drew the picture last week.”Mrs Johnson said that _the picture_ .Ashe d

15、rew; the week beforeBI had drawn; that weekCshe had drawn; the week beforeDI drew; the last week解析:1. 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 代詞要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化, you 變成I,this變成that.故選B2. 直接引語(yǔ)改間接引語(yǔ)要注意前后時(shí)態(tài)的一致。主句是一般過去時(shí),從句也要改成相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)。now要改成then.故選C3. 主句為一般過去時(shí),從句原來(lái)為將來(lái)時(shí),要改成相應(yīng)的過去將來(lái)時(shí),同時(shí)人稱和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化故選D4. 句意:他跟媽媽說那個(gè)男孩很淘氣。陳述句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),主句動(dòng)詞可以用tel

16、l;主句動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí),間接引語(yǔ)也應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài),故答案選C5. 主句是一般過去時(shí),從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前,要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。同時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也要相應(yīng)地改變故選C基礎(chǔ)演練一 單選1.He said that he _ English for four years.A. has learned B. had learnedC. is learning D. was learning2.Mr. Smith said he _ very grateful to us for our kindness.A. were B. was C. is D. am3.John said that _ wife

17、 always _ coffee for breakfast.A. himdrank B. herdrankC. hisdrink D. hisdrank4.The teacher told Tom to finish_ homework on time.A. his B. him C. her D. hers5.The teacher said that he must bring _ book to the classroom.A. he B. him C. his D. she6. He said he _ this book.A. like B. likes C. liked D. l

18、iking7.He said that he _ her the day before.A. saw B. seen C. sees D. had seen8.He said to me he _tired.A. is B. was C. were D. be9. She said that he _ waiting for an hour.A. has been B. have beenC. had been D. was been10. He said the I _ changed much.A. havent B. hasntC. hadnt D. to be havent二、用單詞正

19、確形式填空1 He told me that he _(leave)his book in his room.2 She _(say)that he would be busy.3 She asked Tom whether he _(can)help her.4 She asked me whether that book was _(I)or his.5 The teacher asked me how I _(repair)it.6 The teacher _(tell)the students not to _(waste)their time.7 The mother asked T

20、om _(get)up early.8 The teacher said that the earth _(go)round the sun.9 My father said practice _(make)perfect.10 The boy told _(we)he usually gets up at six every day.鞏固提高把下列句子直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)1 He said, “Ive left my book in my room.”_2 She asked me, “Is this book yours or his?”_3 The teacher asked, “How

21、did you repair it?”_4 She said, “He will be busy.”_5 She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”_6 The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”_7 My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”_8 The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”_9 He said, “We are still students.”_10. He said to me,

22、“I was born in 1978.”_1.“I am a teacher,” Jack said. Jack said _.Athat I am a teacher BI was a teacher Cthat he is a teacher Dhe was a teacher2.My cousin said, “I went to a concert three days ago.” My cousin told me that _ _a concert _.Ahe; had gone to; three days beforeBhe; went to; three days agoC

23、I; had gone to; three days agoDI; went to; three days before3.She said she would return the dictionary to me _.Atomorrow Blast day Cthe next day Dnext day4.- The earth goes round the sun.- What did he say? I couldn't hear him.- _.AHe says the earth goes round the sunBHe said the earth goes round

24、 the sunCHe said the earth went round the sunDHe says the earth went round the sun5.He said to me, “You will pass the exam tomorrow.”He_ me that _the exam _.Asaid to; he would pass; the next dayBtold; he would; next dayCsaid to; I would pass; next dayDtold; I would pass; the next day6.- "Helen,

25、 I will come this morning," John said.- John _.Atold Helen he will come this morningBsaid to Helen I would go that morningCsaid Helen he would come that morningDtold Helen he would go that morning7.- I can speak three languages.- What did she say?- She said that she _three languages.Aspoke Bcou

26、ld spoke Ccould Dcould speak8.He said, “The boy is cleaning the window now.” He _cleaning the window _.Asaid that the boy was; thenBsaid that the boy is; thenCsaid that the boy was; nowDsaid that the boy is; now9.We said to her, "They're walking through the street yesterday."We told he

27、r that_ through the street_ .Awe were walking; yesterdayByou are walking; yesterdayCthey were walking; the day beforeDthey walking; the day before10.I shall tell him, "I have written to you and her twice."I shall tell him that _have written to_ and _twice.AI; him; her Byou; him; her CI; yo

28、u; me Dyou; me; her二、完型: 重慶2019年初三第三次月考考試Are you nervous when you stand in front of the public? Are you afraid to make a speech?Li Jun, a middle school boy, felt shy when he was making a speech the other day. Li had thought it would be quite easy to speak in front of 1 classmates."I was wrong.

29、It was very different and much 2 than talking to my classmates during playtime," Li said. "I tried, but it was really difficult to speak. I felt like a mute(啞巴) and wanted to leave the classroom 3."Li is not alone. Many middle school students now have the same 4: they can talk about t

30、heir ideas freely 5 their best friends after class, but can't speak in public. According to Zhou Hong, a teacher from a university, the main reason is that schools in China pay more attention to writing instead of 6.Zhou hopes schools can give students more chances to open their 7, such as speec

31、h competitions, English corners and class discussions. Students can join in any one they want to. 8 he also gives some advice to students. "During your free time you should 9 more. When you're speaking in public, take it easy. Just imagine you're talking to nobody and speak up your idea

32、s clearly," Zhou said. "That 10 a fine public speech and you'll feel confident."1Aher Bmy Cyour Dhis2.Aharder Beasier Cbetter Dlater3.Aslowly Bquickly Csadly Dhappily4.Aanswer Bsubject Cproblem Dquestion5.Aexcept Bbeside Cfrom Dwith6.Alistening Bspeaking Creading Dsinging7.Amouths

33、 Beyes Cminds Dhearts8.ABut BSo CAnd DOr9.Aplay Bpractice Cwrite Dwatch10.Areports Bkeeps Chears Dmakes AIt's the week before school starts. Alice is shopping for clothes with two friends, Nina and Vicki. Alice puts on a black jacket, turns to her friends, and says, "Hey, what do you think?

34、"The girls look at her and both start laughing. "No way, Alice!"Nina laughs."That's a man's jacket."Alice feels a little angry. "Yeah, well. I like it.""Yeah," says Vicki, "but what will people at school say?"Alice thinks for a moment. T

35、hen she takes off the jacket. "Yeah, you're right." Peer pressure. We all know about it. Your friends wear certain clothes or listen to certain music. You don't want to be different. So you do those things too.Fifteen minutes later, Alice is still thinking about the black jacket. &

36、quot;Yeah, there's pressure to follow others," she explains. "If your clothes or hair are different, people make fun of you. You know, they laugh and point."Vicki agrees. "It's true. You even have to have a certain kind of boyfriend or girlfriend! I think these 'rules

37、' are childish(幼稚的). But when you're different, you feel like an outsider. And that's hard."Alice walks away."Hey Alice," calls Nina. "Where are you going?""To get the black jacket. I don't care what others think. I like it, and I'm buying it."1

38、.Why does Alice take off the jacket?AIt's too expensive.BShe doesn't take enough money with her.CShe doesn't like the color.DShe's worried about her friends' opinions.2.What is the meaning of peer pressure in this passage?AYou want to be like your friends, so you do what they do.

39、BYou want to be different from your friends and classmates.CYou want to give your clothes to your friends to wear.DYou want to buy as many clothes as your classmates do.3.What happens in the end?AAlice goes to buy the jacket.BAlice gets angry and goes home alone.CAlice doesn't buy the jacket.DAl

40、ice doesn't go shopping with her friends.4.What is the main idea of this passage?AYoung people should follow others.BGirls have different ideas about the jacket.CGirls like wearing different kinds of clothes.DYoung people care much about what others think.BDear Dr. Smith,My mom always keeps aski

41、ng me, "What's going on?" If I want to go to a concert, she asks whom I will go with. I think that's my own business(事情). Sometimes it looks like she doesn't trust(信任) me. It makes me very sad. How can I get her to stop?KatieDear Katie,Many young people have the same problem as

42、 you. If you don't talk much with your parents, they might feel they need to ask you questions to know about your life. It seems to you that your mom is getting into your business, but I think she's just trying to keep a close relationship(關(guān)系) with you. In fact, some experts(專家) often tell p

43、arents to stay close to their kids by asking them about what's going on in their life.Some parents do this better than others, of course. But, unluckily, some parents ask questions because they don't trust their kids. So start by trying to trust your mom. She is probably just trying to stay

44、close to you because she loves and cares about you. You can have a talk with her about it.Of course, that doesn't make the questions less boring. If you're tired of so many questions, tell your mom about your day before she asks. If you offer(提供) more information, conversations with your mom

45、 won't seem like she's just asking you too many questions!If you do this, I'm sure you can get on well with your mom.Dr. Smith5.Katie's problem is that .Ashe is sad about the person at the concertBshe doesn't like or care about her motherCher mother always asks her lots of questi

46、onsDher mother doesn't want her to make new friends6.Dr. Smith thinks Katie's mother probably .Adoesn't love KatieBdoesn't trust KatieCtries to stay close to KatieDtries to get into Katie's business7.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AKatie's problem is

47、a special one to young people.BDr. Smith believes that all parents trust their kids.CDr. Smith's advice is to answer all of Katie's mother's questions.DSome experts suggest parents should ask their kids about their life.8.In which column(欄目) can we find this passage in a magazine?AHumans

48、 and Nature.BProblems and Advice.CSports.DHealth.CCommunication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap (代溝).Don't argue with your parents. Don't talk to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won

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