句子成分講解

1、句子成分講解定義 ：構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)局部叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主語和謂語次要成分：表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語、同位語 I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday .主語 謂語 定語 賓語 同位語 狀語句子成分意義充當(dāng)成分例句主語表示句子說的是什么人或什么事名，代，數(shù)，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，短語或句子We study in HuangQiao Middle School.謂語說明主語做什么，是什么或怎么樣動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組She is dancing under the tree.賓語表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象同主語Both

2、 of us like English.表語與聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞連用，一起構(gòu)成謂語，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征同主語Her father is a chemist.His words sound reasonable.定語用來修飾名詞或代詞形，代，數(shù)，名, 副，介詞短語或句子We have eight lessons every day.狀語修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，目的，方式，結(jié)果等副詞，介詞短語或句子He works very hard.They held a party in Hollywood.主語subject句子說明的人或事物 Jane is good at play

3、ing the piano.名詞She went out in a hurry.代詞Four plus four is eight.數(shù)詞To see is to believe.不定式Smoking is bad for health.動(dòng)名詞The young should respect the old.名詞化的形容詞What he has said is true. 句子找出以下句中的主語：1、The sun rises in the east.           2、Twenty yea

4、rs is a short time in history.        3、The poor are now living in the shelter. 4、Seeing is believing.      5、To see is to believe.          6、He likes dancing.    7、What he needs is a

5、book.8、It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.謂語說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征簡(jiǎn)單謂語:由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成I saw the flag on the top of the hill?He looked after two orphans.復(fù)合謂語：由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞;He can speak English well.She doesnt seem to like dancing.找出以下句中的謂語注：只有動(dòng)詞才可作謂語。：1. We love China.2. We have finish

6、ed reading this book.3. He can speak English.4. She seems tired.(三)賓語動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語Show your passport, please. 名詞She didn't say anything. 代詞How many do you want? - I want two. 數(shù)詞They sent the injured to hospital. 名詞化的形容詞They asked to see my passport. 不定式I enjoy working with you. 動(dòng)名詞Did you

7、write down what he said? 句子四連系動(dòng)詞,其后面的成分叫作表語。The war was over.They seem to know the truth.Time is precious.Im not quite myself today.That remains a puzzle.I dont feel at ease. 找出以下句中的表語。1. I am a teacher.2. They are on the playground.3. My job is teaching English.4. It gets cold.5. It sounds interest

8、ing.常見的系動(dòng)詞有be 動(dòng)詞,還有g(shù)et ,become, turn, grow 等表 “變得的詞, 和感觀動(dòng)詞sound, look, smel,taste,feel等。(5） 定語修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或從句He is a clever boy.形容詞His father works in a steel work.名詞There are 54 students in our class.數(shù)詞Do you known bettys sister?名詞所有格He bought some sleeping pills.動(dòng)名詞There is a sleeping baby in b

9、ed.現(xiàn)在分詞His spoken language is good.過去分詞定語后置：如果定語是由一個(gè)單詞表示時(shí)，通常要前置。而由一個(gè)詞組或一個(gè)句子表示時(shí)，通常那么后置The girl in red is his sister.We have a lot of work to do.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.Do you know the man who spoke just now?找出以下句子的定語。1. The black bike is mine.2. She is a chemistry teacher.3.

10、The man in blue is my brother.4. The girl playing the piano is my younger sister.5. The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher.六狀語狀語的功用：狀語說明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。I will be back in a while.They are playing on the playground.He was late because he got up late.He got up so late tha

11、t I missed the train.I waited to see you.He often went to school by bus.His parents died, leaving him an orphan.Please call me if it is necessary.This book is very interesting.He went to school in spite of his illness.找出以下句中的狀語1. We often help him.2. I really dont like the food.3. He did his homework carefully at home.4.Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.5. When I grow up, I am going to be a doctor.隨堂練習(xí)：分析以下句子構(gòu)造：1You are a student.2He felt happy today.3What you said made me happy.4Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well?5After he finished his homewor