(完整版)大學(xué)英語詞匯與語法練習(xí)5：倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)題(答案及詳解)

1、大學(xué)英語詞匯與語法5練習(xí)5:倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)題一一答案詳解Part I. Multiple Choice1 . You often read China Daily.A. So am I B. So do I C. Nor do I D. Neither can I答案：B解析：“你經(jīng)?？粗袊?guó)日?qǐng)?bào)，我也看"。表示前一句所說情況適用于后一句中的 主語，而且是肯定句，用so引起部分倒裝句，助動(dòng)詞提前，相同的謂語動(dòng) 詞省略。2 .find out what happened.A. Until he woke up did heB. Until he woke up toC. Not unt

2、il did he wake up, he D. Not until he woke up did he答案：D解析：“直到他醒過來他才發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生了什么事情"。not口討的句型中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)“直到”這一時(shí)間概念，經(jīng)常把 Not until引起的時(shí)間狀語從句置 于句首，該從句中沒有任何倒裝，主句需要部分倒裝，把助動(dòng)詞置于主語 前。該句中，not until he woke up 是從旬，he found out what happenecHI主 旬。直陳語氣下的句子應(yīng)該是：He did not find out what happened until hewoke up.3 .got in

3、to the room the telephone rang.A. No sooner had he; whenB. He hardly had; thenC. Hardly had he; whenD. He hardly had; than答案：C解析：“他剛一進(jìn)房間電話就響了起來”。表達(dá)“剛一就”常用句型包括： Hardly/Scarcely had sb. done - when ，或者 No sooner had sb. done than。這兩個(gè)句型中，Hardly/Scarcely/No sooner后引起的是主語， when/than后引起的是從句，該句型中，主句的動(dòng)作先發(fā)生，

4、然后從句中的 動(dòng)作才發(fā)生，即“剛剛主句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，就發(fā)生了從句中的動(dòng)作”這一 含義。因此，主句中通常用過去完成時(shí)，而從句用一般過去時(shí)。4. Little about his own health though he was very ill.A. he cared B. he cares C. does he care D. did he care答案：D解析：“他幾乎不在乎自己的健康，盡管他病得很重"。Little在句中的用法是否定含義的程度副詞，表示“幾乎不”，位于句首時(shí)，其后面的句子要部 分倒裝。該句的直陳旬為： He cared little about his own h

5、ealth though he was very 川.5.1, you would have met him.A. If you were thereB. Should you been thereC. If you went thereD. Had you been there答案：D解析：“如果當(dāng)時(shí)你在那兒的話，你就見到他了"。該句是 if條件句中的虛擬 語氣，是針對(duì)過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生事情的虛擬，從句中應(yīng)該是過去完成時(shí)，主句 是助動(dòng)詞+have done,完整的句子應(yīng)該是 If you had been there, you would have met him.為強(qiáng)調(diào)，省略了 if后

6、，把從句中的助動(dòng)詞提前，該句中的助 動(dòng)詞為had,直接放到主語前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。6. Seldom such a funny story as he told us.A. have I heardB. I have heard C. did I listenD. I listened答案：A解析：“我很少聽到像他所講的這樣好笑的故事”。Seldom是否定意義的頻率副詞，表示“（次數(shù)）很少”，置于句首應(yīng)部分倒裝。該句的直陳句為： I seldom have heard such a funny story as he told us.注意：B選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于沒有倒裝。C和D選項(xiàng)的主要錯(cuò)誤在于lis

7、ten是vi.,只 有l(wèi)isten to才能接賓語。7. So loudly that all the people in the room got a fright.A. he shouted B. shout he C. did he shout D. he did shout答案：C解析：“他喊得如此大聲以致于屋里的所有人一陣驚懼"。so/suchthat句型中，當(dāng)so/such位于句首時(shí)，其后的主句中應(yīng)部分倒裝（注意，that引起的是 從句，that前面的是主句）。該句的直陳句為：He shouted so loudly that allthe people in the r

8、oom got a fright.8. Rarely so difficult a problem.A. she could have faced withB. could have she faced withC. she could have been faced withD. could she have been faced with答案：D解析：“她幾乎不可能面對(duì)過這樣的難題"。Rarely是否定意義的副詞，表示“很少、幾乎不”，置于句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，把助動(dòng)詞置于主語之前。該句的直陳何為：She could rarely have been faced with so

9、 difficult a problem.注意：該句中的could not/rarely/hardly have done結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)的是對(duì)過去事情的推 測(cè)，表示主語“過去不太可能做”。表達(dá)對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定的 推測(cè)，一般用must have donefi勺結(jié)構(gòu)，意為主語“過去可能做過”。9. Not a single mistake in the test.A. he made B. did he make C. he has made D. made he答案：B解析：“他在測(cè)驗(yàn)中一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤都沒犯”。該句是把賓語前置，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，把否定 詞也前置了。否定副詞Not置于句首表達(dá)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，句子要部分

10、倒裝，把助 動(dòng)詞置于主語前面。 該句的直陳句為：He did not make a single mistake in the test.10. Hardly the classroom when the class began.A. had he entered B. he had entered C. he entered D. he was entered答案：A解析：“他剛一進(jìn)教室就開始上課了”。詳細(xì)解析參考上面第3題。11.France Viuard an excellent political speaker but she was also among the first mem

11、bers of the Democratic Party.A. Not only B. If only C. Only D. Not only was答案："France Viuard不僅是一位出色的政治演說家，同時(shí)也是民主黨最早的黨員之一”。該句題干所給句子中，but前面的句子部分，明顯缺少動(dòng)詞。所給選項(xiàng)只有D有動(dòng)詞。同時(shí)，Not only置于句首，句子應(yīng)部分倒裝，把助 動(dòng)詞置于主語前面，遇到be動(dòng)詞，則直接把be動(dòng)詞置于主語前面。該句 的直陳旬為：France Viuard wasnot only an excellent political speaker, but she w

12、as also among ”12.should any money be given to a small child.A. On no accountB. From all accountsC. Of no accountD. By all accounts答案：A解析：“無論如何都不應(yīng)該給小孩子錢”。該句題干部分已經(jīng)有部分倒裝“should any money be given”，根據(jù)句子含義，句首應(yīng)該有否定含義的詞匯或短 語（在句中充當(dāng)狀語），因此才會(huì)出現(xiàn)倒裝。所名& 4個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有on no account （絕不、無論如何不、切莫）是否定含義并且可以在句中充當(dāng)狀語。注意：by

13、 （from） all accounts "據(jù)說，據(jù)報(bào)道，根據(jù)各方面所說"，（be） of no account “不重要”。這些短語了解即可。主要的考點(diǎn)為 on no account13. So badly in the accident that Simon was delayed in the hospital fortreatment.A. did he injureB. he injuredC. was he injuredD. he was injured答案：C解析：“Simon在事故中受傷如此嚴(yán)重以致于他在醫(yī)院中耽了更多的時(shí)間進(jìn)行治療”。該題詳解參考上面第7

14、題。該句直陳句為：He was so badly injured in the accident that Simon was delayed in注意：表達(dá)某人受傷，injure通常都用被動(dòng)態(tài)，be injured。14. that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.A. So clever are the construction robotsB. So clever the construction robots areC. Such cons

15、truction robots are clever D. Such clever construction robots are 答案：A解析：“建筑機(jī)器人如此聰明，最終可能能夠減少建筑工地90%的勞動(dòng)力”。該句句型為so/such that句型，所給選項(xiàng)都是so或such位于句首，因此判 斷that前面的句子中應(yīng)該有部分倒裝，可以排除選項(xiàng)B和D。選項(xiàng)A和C涉及so和such的用法辨析。So修飾形容詞或副詞，而such修飾名詞。句 中還有形容詞clever,所以不能直接用such修飾，只能用so修飾clever。 因此選Ao15. do we suspect that this distri

16、ct is rich in mineral resources. A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few答案：A解析：“我們毫不懷疑這一地區(qū)富有礦物資源”。該題題干所給部分已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了 部分倒裝，因此句首一定有否定意義的副詞出現(xiàn)，所給選項(xiàng)只有l(wèi)ittle是這一用法，可修飾動(dòng)詞。注意：A little可修飾動(dòng)詞，表示有一點(diǎn)。Few和a few只可修飾名詞，不可修飾 動(dòng)詞。16. We have done things we ought not to have done and undone things weought to have done.A. leavi

17、ng B. will leave C. left D. did leave答案：C解析：我們做過我們不該做的事，并且也曾把該做的事放著不做”。該句中出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)前置，即undone前置于left的賓語things前面，正是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)前置 增加了該句理解上的困難。把該句補(bǔ)充完整并調(diào)整語序，詳細(xì)應(yīng)該為：Wehave done things that we ought not to have done, and we have left things that we ought to have done undone句中藍(lán)色字體部分為 things后面的定語從 句。后半句中的undone是過去分詞做賓語

18、補(bǔ)足語，leave sth. undonetf讓某 事沒有做"。正常語序的句子中，由于定語從句太長(zhǎng)，使得賓語補(bǔ)足語和賓 語間隔太遠(yuǎn)，所以把undone提前，因而出現(xiàn)了題目中的句子。注意：該題之所以選left是因?yàn)閍nd銜接的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該與前面(have) done形成并列， 并列的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞形式要一致，因此首選過去分詞left。17. no computers, there could have been no satellites or rockets.A. Had there beenB. If there wereC. Should there beD. If there are答案

19、：A解析：“如果沒有電腦，也就不會(huì)有衛(wèi)星和火箭”。電腦、衛(wèi)星和火箭都是過去 就發(fā)明的了，因此該句是針對(duì)過去事情的假設(shè)，是if條件句中的虛擬語氣。 省略if,部分倒裝，助動(dòng)詞提前。18. Only after many years of hard work that money alone does not lead tohappiness and success.A. did I realizeB. I did realizeC. had I realizedD. I had realized答案：A解析：”在多年的辛苦工作后我才意識(shí)到只有金錢是不能帶來幸?；虺晒Φ摹?。 該句是only引起的狀

20、語置于句首，句中應(yīng)采用部分倒裝，把助動(dòng)詞提前。19., but I still like him.A. Selfish though he isB. Selfish as he isC. Selfish he may beD. Whether he is selfish or not答案：C解析：”他可能有點(diǎn)自私，但是我還是喜歡他”。該句要注意，A和B是讓步狀語從句，都是正確的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，指的是“盡管他自私”，從表意上來說， 這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)沒有問題。但是題干中，有連詞but, 一個(gè)句子中一般只能有一 個(gè)連詞，出現(xiàn)了 but就不能再有though或倒裝中常用的as。因此不能選這 兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。D也出現(xiàn)了從

21、句whether ,有從句引導(dǎo)詞，不能再有but,所 以D也不能選。只有C沒有任何連詞。C選項(xiàng)也是一種倒裝，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào) 把句中的某個(gè)成分提前的用法,這里提前的是表語selfish,提前后把剩下的句子成分按原來的順序排列即可。注意：為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，經(jīng)常會(huì)把句中的表語、賓語等放到句首，句子的其他成分不需 要部分倒裝，只需按順序?qū)懺诤竺婕纯?。一般來說，只有狀語前置，并且 涉及特殊的狀語結(jié)構(gòu)，如否定副詞、only等，才需要出現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞置于主語 前的部分倒裝。20.1, I couldn t lift the box.A. As I might tryB. Try as I mightC. As try I m

22、ightD. Though try I might答案：B解析：“盡管我努力了，但我抬不起箱子來”。從所給選項(xiàng)來看，應(yīng)該是讓步狀語從句，由as/though引起。該句的直陳句應(yīng)該是正常語序：Though I tried, I couldn' t lift the box.倒裝句則要把謂語動(dòng)詞提前：Try as/though I might, I couldn' t lift the box.注意：選項(xiàng)C和D中，as/though在句首，不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)倒裝。A的錯(cuò)誤在于不應(yīng) 該出現(xiàn)might。Part II. Error Analysis1. So instructive the f

23、ilm was the students wanted_to see it again.改錯(cuò)：So instructive was the film that the students wanted to see it again.2. Never beforeour motherland hasbeen as strong as it is today.改錯(cuò)： Never beforehas our motherlandbeen as strong as it is today.3. It was not until very recent times that had the theory of probability" been looked upon a