軟件開發(fā)中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)

1、軟件開發(fā)中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)軟件開發(fā)中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)（文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯）軟件開發(fā)中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)譯文:仿真軟件開發(fā)低大型復(fù)雜腔基于UG的二次開發(fā)軟件開發(fā)中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)軟件開發(fā)中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)摘要-射擊和彈跳射線（SBR）二次開發(fā)的基礎(chǔ)軟件是由國標(biāo)庫（UG）。射線跟蹤的核心算法是基于優(yōu)化的非均勻有理 b樣（NURBS曲線表面相交算法建立在UG,導(dǎo)致非常高的射線路徑跟蹤的準(zhǔn)確性沒有嚙合從而保持原有的空腔模型的準(zhǔn)確性。它也是有效的避免同任何復(fù)雜的蛀牙,因?yàn)榧词构ぷ髌帘蔚倪^程。兩腔的幾何建模及其散射模擬成一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的平臺(tái)，形成一個(gè)易用的綜合和環(huán)球環(huán)境電磁建模復(fù)雜的蛀牙

2、。在本文開發(fā)的軟件對(duì)復(fù)雜腔散射建模引入了一些數(shù)值結(jié)果顯示的準(zhǔn)確性和效率 關(guān)鍵詞-電大型復(fù)雜cavit;雷達(dá)截面；UG的二次開發(fā)；射擊和彈跳射線（SBR）;射線跟蹤I. 介紹雷達(dá)截面（RCS）的分析電等大型復(fù)雜洞進(jìn)口或出口，雙面或三面角反射器等，是計(jì)算電磁學(xué)中最重要的主題之一。低大型復(fù)雜的空腔結(jié)構(gòu)，只有基于高頻方法如射擊和彈跳射線（SBR）123是合適的。傳統(tǒng)上，為三步驟采用SBRT先,模型腔的CA歆件和網(wǎng)格表面的內(nèi)墻,然后出口信息網(wǎng)格的結(jié)果；其次發(fā)現(xiàn)表面上的光線的反射點(diǎn)ray-surface十字路口和屏蔽計(jì)算；最后計(jì)算RCS!卩將離任的射線從腔。雖然這些網(wǎng)基于射線跟蹤可用于任意形狀的蛀牙 從理

3、論上講，它有不準(zhǔn)確的缺點(diǎn)路徑建立在復(fù)雜的蛀牙導(dǎo)致貧窮的RCS十算精度。電大型復(fù)雜的蛀牙，射線跟蹤的效率很低，由于分離腔建模與RCS十算復(fù)雜的仿真過程。為了解決這些問 題，一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的CAD軟牛,模擬電大型復(fù)雜腔并計(jì)算其 RCSE同一平臺(tái)。開發(fā)的軟件具有以下 優(yōu)勢：1）腔建模和RCS十算在UGM成，因此仿真過程大大簡化。2）表面嚙合沒有必要而射線可 以追蹤精度高和效率在任何任意形狀的空腔。3）開發(fā)的軟件是通用的電磁散射的凹面反射鏡結(jié)構(gòu),如蛀牙和角落。小說射線追蹤方法的新的先進(jìn)的軟件是基于UG勺二次開發(fā)將討論下一步,和RCS仿真結(jié)果。II. 提出的方法射擊和彈跳射線（SBR SBR 勺基本概念是一個(gè)

4、平面波由足夠大量的平行光管（這里使用三角射線管）事件上的孔腔開放,每個(gè)射線管的能量集中在中線反映空腔墻基于幾何光學(xué)定律和最終的開孔和樹葉射線管 足跡在中央的場振幅計(jì)算射線通過考慮幾何差異因素，極化和材料加載腔壁。的總散射提起腔由總結(jié)發(fā)現(xiàn)散射場計(jì)算每個(gè)管的基爾霍夫近似衍射場的足跡在這里rim是可以忽略的比較從腔背散射的主導(dǎo)部分。SBR勺詳細(xì)理論可以在1和2 。b射線追蹤方法基于UG勺二次開發(fā) UG先進(jìn)的CAD / CAM / CAE軟件，采用非均勻有理b樣（NURBS作為其主要的建模工具。它提 供了強(qiáng)大的建模能力和任意復(fù)雜腔建模精度高UG勺二次開發(fā)工具 UG /開放的API UG和外來的程序之間

5、的交互。UG / Open API包含大約2000個(gè)函數(shù)可以直接調(diào)用C+環(huán)境中有兩種不同的模式對(duì) UG /開放項(xiàng)目：內(nèi)部模式和外部 模式。通過構(gòu)建一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接庫允許訪問幾何模型及其相對(duì)日期在國標(biāo)庫會(huì)話直接使用UG/開放的API函數(shù)。內(nèi)部模式是使用 DLL鏈接，在連接速度快的優(yōu)勢，因此，本文選擇了使用UG / 開放api,可以建立一種有效的射線追蹤方法和高精度優(yōu)化基于NURB曲線表面相交的算法。沒有復(fù)雜的嚙合和屏蔽程序，新的射線跟蹤方法更容易比傳統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目。圖1顯示了發(fā)現(xiàn)每個(gè)光線的反射點(diǎn)在腔室內(nèi)的墻上發(fā)達(dá)的射線追蹤方法。如果利用三角射線管，四個(gè)射線包括三條邊和一個(gè)中央線管，需要追蹤如上所述。請(qǐng)全部實(shí)

6、現(xiàn)的蛀牙與平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)通過跟蹤只有中央射線 正如上面所討論的。后找到一個(gè)反射點(diǎn)內(nèi)墻，飛機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式可以使用點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)和單位法向量,然后反射光線的三條邊射線管根據(jù)解析后的飛機(jī)可以找到。這進(jìn)一步進(jìn)步會(huì)帶來一個(gè) 巨大的減少射線追蹤的時(shí)間。圖1所示。射線路徑發(fā)現(xiàn)的射線追蹤方法基于UG勺二次開發(fā)。這個(gè)圖顯示三個(gè)入射光線 入射方向發(fā)射的，和路徑從參考點(diǎn)的s形腔,然后反映在內(nèi)墻，最后到達(dá)開孔。事實(shí)上，這部小說SBRE面討論不僅可以應(yīng)用在蛀牙 ，但也提供了一種新方法的電大尺 寸目標(biāo)的散射計(jì)算考慮多個(gè)現(xiàn)場互動(dòng)，和過程將大大簡化由于避免嚙合和屏蔽需要在傳統(tǒng)的物理光學(xué)（P0）。該方法的過程仿真過程的方法是：1）模型或在

7、U（中導(dǎo)入一個(gè)腔會(huì)話。2）自動(dòng)識(shí)別腔開放光圈。3）代表 了入射波與數(shù)量足夠大的平行光管開孔腔和發(fā)射射線追蹤。4）計(jì)算每個(gè)即將離任的背散射場在開孔管足跡。5）總結(jié)的背散射場管足跡和計(jì)算RCS勺腔。軟件是通用的相對(duì)任意蛀牙和凹結(jié)構(gòu)由于小說射線追蹤方法建立與UG /開放API函數(shù)和一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的平臺(tái)整合腔在 UG1模和RC計(jì)算。RAM涂層蛀牙也可以輕松地在這個(gè)軟件。 一個(gè)用 戶友好的界面與 UG / Open UlStyler 發(fā)達(dá)，在UGt供的GUI工具Ill.數(shù)值結(jié)果本文模擬了使用矩形腔，一個(gè)三角形的三面角反射器和一個(gè)矩形入口壓電陶瓷墻來演示 開發(fā)的軟件。計(jì)算環(huán)境是奔騰 4 - 2.8 ghz處理器

8、,1 gb內(nèi)存和Windows XP操作系統(tǒng)。入射波 頻率10 GHz, 一步是程度1°模擬，俯仰角度B從+ z方向和方位角度$從+ x方向的模型。A. RCS的矩形腔和效率分析圖2顯示了 RCS勺矩形腔的比較10 _，_方形截面，30 長度7和模擬結(jié)果與開發(fā)的軟件在 不同的N（N是每個(gè)波長的節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量，有四個(gè)光管穿過每個(gè)網(wǎng)格開放 ，所以光管的數(shù)量NX NX4 平方波長）。這個(gè)數(shù)字表明快速收斂的開發(fā)了SBR勺基礎(chǔ)上提出新的射線追蹤與平臺(tái)腔結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)果得到收斂當(dāng)N達(dá)到4,線管的數(shù)量是64平方波長在這種情況下，N是以下模擬設(shè)置為4。模擬 結(jié)果與7中的結(jié)果吻合較好。表1顯示了 CPU寸間不同N

9、在上面模擬，演示了該方法的效率高。表一、CPU寸間不同的NN 2345CPU寸間（分鐘）1.704.018.3717.49B. 三角形的三面角反射器的 RCSRCS十算的三角形三面角反射器 5 _邊長度是如圖3所示.我們的結(jié)果再次同意與 MLFMM FEKO勺結(jié)果很好。微小的區(qū)別來自于衍射場不覆蓋目前在我們的結(jié)果。.需要1.67分鐘和45分鐘為我們的軟件和FEK分別模擬結(jié)果。如此高的效率使它適合計(jì)算電磁散射從電大型復(fù)雜 腔沒有要求額外的計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)存。C. 矩形進(jìn)氣道的RCS散射模擬飛機(jī)的入口 ，典型的電大型復(fù)雜腔，在計(jì)算電一一磁學(xué)仍然是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)性的任 務(wù)。圖4是一個(gè)矩形入口的模型7和其RCSI擬

10、軟件。需要16.58分鐘,25.15分鐘得到的結(jié)果 裝具(b)和(c)。找到優(yōu)秀的協(xié)議與參考文獻(xiàn)7中的結(jié)果。所有這些結(jié)果驗(yàn)證新的射線追蹤方法的準(zhǔn)確性對(duì)于復(fù)雜的蛀牙在我們開發(fā)的軟件。(a)個(gè)矩形入口的模型b-KJSjE<MU1 亡般労上叱"He 二 m ns|:_ 匱(c >豐M普?qǐng)D4.矩形進(jìn)氣道的RCS平行極化IV. 結(jié)論一個(gè)新穎的射線追蹤方法和相應(yīng)的SBF相對(duì)任意腔散射模擬軟件開發(fā)基于UG的二次開發(fā)。軟件的仿真程序進(jìn)行了探討。一些結(jié)果，顯示良好的準(zhǔn)確性和效率高的散射建模電大型復(fù)雜的蛀牙。參考文獻(xiàn)1 郝凌、周Ri-chee Shung-wu李。射擊和彈跳射線:RCS的計(jì)算

11、任意形狀的空腔。IEEE反式天線 progat,1989 年,37(2):194- 2052 角色h 帕沙克，羅伯特j 霍爾德。模態(tài)、射線和梁的技術(shù)分析開放式波導(dǎo)腔的電磁散 射。IEEE反式天線 progat,1989 年,37(5):635 - 6473 嬴政阮。電磁輻射的基本理論。成都電訊工程學(xué)院出版社，1984年4 傅雅寧。計(jì)算機(jī)圖形學(xué)。國防工業(yè)出版社,2005李建州，徐家棟，等。基于國標(biāo)庫的設(shè)計(jì)評(píng)估軟件。中國無線電科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)，2005,20(2):222-2256李建周，徐家棟等.綜合RCS雷達(dá)截面)計(jì)算一個(gè)更有效的RCS十算方法。西北工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué) 報(bào),2003,21 (4):449 -

12、4527郝凌,Shung-wu李Ri-chee周。高高頻RCS放腔的矩形和圓形的橫截面。IEEE反式天線progat,1989 年,37(5):648- 654軟件開發(fā)中英文對(duì)照外文翻譯文獻(xiàn)原文：Development of RCS simulation software for electrically large complex cavities based on the secondary development of UGLI Jia nzhou JIANG Yi ngfu XU Jiad ong School of Electr onics and In formati on. No

13、rthwestern Polytechnical University, Xi ' an Shanxi 710129, ChinaAbstrac -t-A shooti ng and bouncing ray (SBR) based software is developed by the sec on dary developme nt of Uni graphics (UG). The core algorithm of ray traci ng is based on the optimized Non-un iform Rati onal B-spli nes(NURBS) c

14、urve-surface in tersect ion algorithm built in UG, which results in very high accuracy of ray path trac ing without meshi ng thus keep ing the accuracy of theoriginal cavity model. It is also efficient even if work witha complex cavities because of avoid ing of shieldi ng process. Both geometry mode

15、li ng of cavity and its scatteri ng simulatio n areinto a uniformplatform, which forms an easy-us ing in tegrative and uni versal environment for electromag netic modeling of complex cavities. 。In this paper, the developed software for complex cavity scattering modeli ng has bee n in troduced with s

16、ome nu merical results todem on strate the accuracy and efficie ncyKey words-electrically large complex cavit; Radar Cross Section; sec on dary developme nt of UG; shooti ng and bouncing rays (SBR); ray-traci ngI. INTRODUCTIONRadar cross sect ion (RCS) an alysis of electrically large complex cavitie

17、s such as inlet or outlet, dihedral or trihedral corner reflector etc., 。 is one of the mostimportant topics in computati onal electromag netics. Forelectrically large complex cavity structures, only high freque ncy based method such as shooti ng and bouncing ray (SBR)123 is suitable. Traditi on all

18、y, there arethree steps to employ SBR Firstly, to model the cavity in CAD software and mesh surfaces of its in terior walls,the n exports in formati on of the mesh results; sec on dly finding the reflecti on points of the rays on the surfaces by ray-surface in tersect ion and shieldi ng calculatio n

19、;fin ally calculates RCS from the outgo ing rays from the cavity.Although such mesh based ray tracing can be used in arbitrarily shaped cavities theoretically,it has the disadvantage of in accurate paths founding in complex cavities which lead to a poor RCS calculati on accuracy 。 For electrically l

20、arge complex cavities, the efficie ncy of ray trac ing is very low due to the separati on of cavity modeli ng and RCS calculati on witha complicated simulati on procedure. To address theseproblems, an in tegrated simulati on software isdeveloped based on sec on dary developme nt of Uni graphics (UG)

21、, , a powerful CAD software, to model electrically large complex cavity and calculate its RCS as well in the same platform. The developed software has the followi ng adva ntages: 1) Cavity modeli ng and RCS calculati on are in tegrated in UG, therefore the simulatio n procedure is greatly simplified

22、. 2) Surface mesh ing is n ot n ecessary whereas rays can be traced with high accuracy and efficie ncy in side any arbitrarily shaped cavity. 3) The developed software is uni versal for electromag netic scatteri ng from any kind of con cave structures such as cavities and corner reflectors. A novel

23、ray traci ng method of this new adva need software which is based on the sec on dary developme nt of UG will be discussed next, and the RCS simulatio n results are followed. II. PROPOSED METHOD A. Shoot ing and bou ncing rays (SBR)The basic con cept of SBR is that a pla ne wave represe nted by a suf

24、ficie ntly large nu mber of parallel ray tubes (tria ngular ray tube is used here) in cide nt onto the aperture at the cavity ope n end, each ray tube with en ergy concen trated on the centre line reflects from the cavity walls based on the law of geometrical optics and eventually comes to the openi

25、ng aperture and leaves a ray-tube footprint on it The field amplitude of thecentral ray is calculated by taking consideration of geometrical diverge nee factor, polarizati onand material loadi ng of the cavity walls. The totalscatteri ng filed ofthe cavity is found by sum ming up the scatteri ng fie

26、ld calculated byKirchhoff ' s approximation from eachndividual tube footprint In here the diffracting field of the rim is n egligible compari ng to the domin ate porti on of back scatteri ng from the cavity. The detail theory of SBR can be found in 1 and 2. B. Ray traci ng method based on sec on

27、 dary developme nt of UGUG is adva need CAD/CAM/CAE software which uses Non-un iform Ratio nal B-spli nes (NURBS) as its main modeling tool. It provides powerful modeling ability and high accuracy for arbitrarily complex cavity modeli ng. The sec on dary developme nt tools UG/Ope n API of UG in tera

28、ct betwee n UG and exter n program. UG/Ope n API contains approximately 2000 fun cti ons which can be called directly in C+ environment There are two differe nt modes for UG/Ope n programs: Internal Mode and External Mode. By building a dynamic-link library allows to access the geometry model and it

29、s relative date with in a Uni graphics sessi on using UG/Ope n API functions direct ".Internal Mode is using DLL link which has the adva ntage of fast i n speed linking, therefore it has bee n chose n in this paper By using UG/Ope n APIs, an efficie nt ray traci ng method can be built with high

30、 accuracy based on optimized NURBS curve-surface in tersect ion algorithm. Without complicated meshi ng and shieldi ng procedures, the novel ray trac ing method is much easier to program tha n the traditi onal one. Figure 1 shows finding the reflect ion points of each ray on cavity in terior walls w

31、ith developed ray traci ng method.The procedure of ray traci ng is based on the sec on dary developme nt of UG: 1) Get the ide ntifier of the simulated cavity. Each item modeled in UG has its own identifier (tag) from which all the geometry information can be identified ray-surface in tersectio n fu

32、n ctio ns in UG/Ope n API. The in terested parameters in cludi ng the coord in ates of the in tersectio n poi nts on the cavity walls, the un it no rmal vectors and the radius of prin cipal curvature can be extracted with a few in putt ing in formati on, such as cavity ide ntifier, the coord in ates

33、 of the start ing point and the in cide nt direct ion of the ray. 3) Use Sn ell' s leetotiondraiyeat the in terior in tersect ion point,and repeati ng the procedures above to find the n ext in terior in tersect ion point till the ray shoot out the cavity from the ope ning aperture. Also the effe

34、ct of RAM coat ing can be easily added to the developed SBR procedure. In gen eral, if tria ngular ray tube is utilized, four rays in cludi ng three edges and one cen tral ray of the tube, are n eeded to be traced as described above.。 be achievedfor the cavities with plat structures by traci ng only

35、 the cen tral ray as discussed above. After finding a reflect ion point on the in terior walls, the mathematical expressi on of the pla ne can be obta ined using the coord in ates and un it no rmal vector of that point and the n the reflect ion rays of the three edges of the ray tube can be found ac

36、cording to the resolved plane. This further improveme nt leads to a huge reducti on of ray trac ing time.Figure 1. The ray paths found by the ray traci ng method based on the sec on dary developme nt of UG. This figure displays three in cide nt rays laun ched from the in cide nt direct ion, and the

37、paths start from the reference points out of the S-shaped cavity, then reflect at the interior walls, and fin ally arrive at the ope ning aperture.In fact, the no vel SBR discussed above not only can be applied on cavities, but also provides a new way of scattering calculation of electrically large

38、targets with considering multiple field in teracti on, and the procedure will be greatly simplified thanks to avoiding meshing and shielding needed in traditional physical optics (PO). C. Process of the Proposed MethodThe simulation procedure of proposed method is: 1) Model or import a cavity in UG

39、session. 2) Identify the cavity and opening aperture automatically. 3) Represent the incident wave with a sufficie ntly large nu mber of parallel ray tubes on the ope ning aperture and launch ray traci ng in the cavity. 4) Calculate the back scattering field of each outgoing tube footprint on the op

40、ening aperture. 5) Sum up the back scattering field of all the tube footprints and calculate RCS of the cavity.The software is uni versal for relatively arbitrary cavities and con cave structures due to the novel ray tracing method built with UG/Open API functions and a uniform platform integrating

41、cavity modeli ng and RCS computing in UG. RAM coated cavities can also be easily performed in this software. A user frie ndly in terface is developed with UG/Open UIStyler, the GUI tool provided in UG.III. NUMERICAL RESULTSIn this paper, the simulations have been done using a rectangular cavity, a t

42、riangular trihedral corner reflector and a recta ngular inlet with PEC walls to dem on strate the developed software. The computati on en viro nment is Pen tium 4 - 2.8GHz processor, 1GB memory with Win dows XP operati ng system.In cide nt wave freque ncy is 10 GHz, and the degree step is 1 for all

43、the simulations, the pitch ing angle 0 starts from dZrection and the azimuth a ngle $ starts from +Xrection in the models. A. RCS of recta ngular cavity and the efficie ncy an alysisFigure 2 shows the comparis on of RCS of arecta ngular cavity with 10_ by 10_ square cross secti on, 30_ len gth in 7

44、and simulated results with developed software in differe nt N (N is the nu mber of no des per wavele ngth, there are four ray tubes going through each grid on the ope ning, so the nu mber of ray tubes is N NX4 in a square wavele ngth). This figure in dicates fast con verge nee of the developed SBR b

45、ased on the proposed no vel ray traci ng for a cavity with platstructures. The results get con verge nt whe n N reaches 4, and the nu mber of ray tubes is 64 in a square wavele ngth in this case, so N is set to 4 for the follow ing simulati ons. The simulated results agree well with the results in 7

46、.0(DEGREES)Figure 2. RCS of rectangular cavity with different N, parallel polarizationTable 1 shows CPU time for differe nt N in above simulatio n, which dem on strates high efficie ncy of the proposed method. TABLE I. CPU TIME FOR DIFFERENT NN2345CPU time (min ) 1.704.01 8.3717.49B. RCS of a triang

47、ular trihedral corner reflectorCalculated RCS of a triangular trihedral corner reflector with 5_ edge length is shown inFigure 3. Our result aga in agrees very well with the MLFMM result ofFEKO. The slight differe nee comes from the diffractio nfield which is not covered at the moment in our result.

48、 It takes 1.67min and 45min for our software and FEKO respectively, to simulate the results. Such high efficiency makes it suitable for calculating electromagnetic scattering from electrically large complex cavities without requireme nt of additi onal computer memory.x -inp 41“ -developed software.F

49、igure 3. RCS of a triangular trihedral corner reflector,?= 45° ,parallel polarizationC. RCS of a recta ngular in letScatteri ng simulati on of inlet of aircraft, typical electrically large complex cavity, rema ins a challenging task in computational electro- magnetics. Figure 4 is the model of

50、a rectangular iniet7 and its RCS simulated by our software. It takes 16.58min and 25.15min to get the result of Figure4 (b) and (c) respectively. Excelle nt agreeme nt is found with the result in reference 7. All these results validate the accuracy of the novel ray trac ing method for complex cavities withi n our(a) The model o