形容詞和副詞

1、幼。（七）形容詞和副詞01命題趨勢 考標導(dǎo)向化在歷年各地中考中，形容詞和副詞是必考的知識 點，分值通常在 35分之間。從命題形式來看，一般 有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等；其中對形容詞和 副詞的句法功能、比較等級的用法及易混形容詞和副詞 的辨析的考查又是重中之重。預(yù)計2015年中考熱點仍將 集中在形容詞和副詞的詞義辨析和比較等級的用法上。02定義 概念清晰化形容詞是用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，說明事物和人 的性質(zhì)和特征的一類詞，在句子中用作定語、表語、賓 語補足語；而副詞用以修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞， 在句子中作狀語、表語、補語和定語。英語中的形容詞 和副詞都有等級的變化。03知識歸類 知識網(wǎng)

2、絡(luò)化?形容詞的位置分類圖解形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況后置:修飾 some, any, every, no 和 body,thing, one等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞 時nobody absent, everything possible以-able, -ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或only修飾的名詞之 后the best book available, the only solution possiblealive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置the only person awake表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形 容詞a bridge 50 m

3、eters long形容詞短語一般后置a man difficult to get on withelse修飾疑問詞和不定代詞時what else, something else特例清單1. 有些形容詞只能作定語。如：little（小的）,only（唯一的）,wooden（木質(zhì)的）,elder（年長 的）,woolen（羊毛質(zhì)的）等及復(fù)合形容詞 man-made（人造 的）,kind-hearted（好心的）,English-speaking說英語的）,take-away可以 帶走的）等。2. 有些形容詞只能作表語。如：alone（孤獨的）,asleep（I垂著的）,awake（醒 著的）,a

4、live（活著 的）,well（健康的）,ill（病的）,frightened（害怕的）等。3. 有些形容詞貌似副詞。如：friendly（友好的）,lively（生動的）,lonely（孤獨的）等。4. 有些形容詞與定冠詞the連用，表示一類人或物。如：We should respect the old and love the young.我們應(yīng)該尊老愛It ' s not polite to laugh at the blind or the deaf. 是不禮貌的。5. enough修飾名詞時既可以放在名詞的前面，也可以放在其 后面；然而，enough作狀語修飾形容詞或副詞時，

5、應(yīng)該放在形容 詞或副詞之后。如：We have enough time（=time enough）to finish the work.我們有足 夠的時間來完成這項工作。He ran fast enough to catch the bus他跑得很快，足夠趕上公共 汽車了。This hall is big enough to hold 1,000 people這個大廳夠大的，可 以容納1000人。6. 多個形容詞作定語時，通常按“性質(zhì)-大?。ㄩL短、高低、 形狀等尸年齡/新舊T顏色T國籍（地區(qū)、岀處等）T材料”的順序 排列。如：a beautiful tall building 一座漂亮而高大的

6、建筑物 a large yellow Chinese coa一件黃色的中國式大衣【題組訓(xùn)練】 形容詞的作用及位置（）1.（2014 綏化）Keep all the windows ，it ' s too hot in theroom.A.openedB.open C.closed（）2.（2014 荊州）一I ' ll not be Jack ' s friend any more.Don' t be angry.He ' s just so _ but in fact he ' s good to us you know.A.helpful B

7、.direct C.polite D.brave （）3.（2014 河北）How Cindy grows !she 'almost as tall asher mother now.A.cute B.strong C.fast D.straight （）4.（2014 來賓）After the earthquake，we heard of lots ofstories， and all of us were deeply .A.moving;movedB.moving;movingC.moved;movingD.moved;moved（）5.（2014 東營）Overseas exp

8、erience may help make ourlife.So why not try to study abroad?A.usualB.usefulC.successfulD.traditional?副詞的分類分類圖解時間副詞soon, now, early, finally,once, recently頻度副詞always,often,frequently, seldom,never地點副詞here,nearby,outside, upwards,above疑問副詞how,where,when,why方式副詞hard,well,fast,slowly,excitedly,really連接

9、副詞how,when,where,why,whe ther,however,meanwhile程度almost,nearly,very,f關(guān)系when,where,why副詞airly,quite,rather副詞注意：地點副詞、時間副詞和方式副詞放在句尾，它們同時出現(xiàn)時 的順序是：方式副詞T地點副詞T時間副詞。如：The students are doing the experiments carefully in the lab nov同 學(xué)們現(xiàn)在正在實驗室里認真地做實驗。Many people take exercise happily on the square every morni

10、r很 多人每天早晨在廣場上高興地進行鍛煉?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】副詞的作用及位置()6.(2014 曲靖)David doesn 'like rice noodles , his son doesn't,A.also B.too C.either D.not()7.(2014 隨州)How is Lucy 'English?She always does very well in her English exams. But she can understand English radio programs.A.alwaysB.already C.easily D.hardly(

11、)8.(2014 宿遷)Sandy likes travelling. Shestays at homeduring holidays.A.seldomB.usually C.always D.often()9.(2014 綿陽)Alex , did you find our old school last week?Yes, but with much difficulty , for it haschanged overthese years.A.completelyB.neverC.hardlyD.partly()10.(2014 昆明)Teenagers should be encou

12、raged to goand be close to nature.A.insideB.back C.outsideD.off?規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最咼級一般單音節(jié)詞末尾smallsmallersmallest加-er, - estofastfasterfastestquickquickerquickest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾nicenicernicest的單音節(jié)詞加-r,- stofinefinerfinest以輔音字母+y結(jié)earlyearlierearliest尾的雙音節(jié)單詞， 先把y變?yōu)閕，再加-er,- estohappyhappierhappiest

13、以一個輔音字母結(jié)redredderreddest尾的重讀閉音節(jié)的bigbiggerbiggest單詞，雙寫末尾的字母再力口 -er,-est>thinthinnerthinnest部分雙音節(jié)詞或多interestingmoremost音節(jié)詞在原級前加importantinterestinginteresting分類圖解more,mostomoreimportantmost important特例清單1. 使用比較級時，在對比中應(yīng)該是同類進行對比。如：“我的英語不如你的好”應(yīng)譯成“My English is not as(so)goodasyours.”，而不能譯成 “My English

14、 is not as good as you”。因為此句 中比較的對象是 English，而不是you，所以要把you改成yours(=your English)。2. 使用比較級時，切忌一方包含另一方，從而造成自身與自 身的比較。如："她比她班上任何同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)都努力”應(yīng)譯成“She studies harderthan any other student in her class.，而不能譯成“ She studies harder than any student in her class”。any student in her class包括 she, 使 用了 other才能將

15、其排除?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】()11.(2014 山西)Have you watched A Bite of China recently?Of coursedo believe Chinese food isin the world.A.the most deliciousB.more deliciousC.delicious()12.(2014 襄陽)With the development of modern science,it ' for us to get information from all over the world.A.slower B.busierC.harder D

16、.easier()13.(2014 呼和浩特)The box wasthan I had expected.Iwas out of breath when I got home.A.more heavierB.much heavierC.little heavierD.very heavier()14.(2014 嘉興)Do you like eating fish , Wang Han?Of course.Nothing can be , I think.A.deliciousB.beautifulC.more deliciousD.more beautiful()15.(2014 白銀)H

17、e is the only one who failed in the math exam.Really?You mean he studies.A.the most carefulB.the least carefulC.the most carefullyD.the least carefully原級比較級最咼級good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastmany/muchmoremostfarfartherfarthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest【題組訓(xùn)練】()16.(2014 綿陽)一R

18、osa, can I wear jeans and T-shirt to the?不規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級 分類圖解evening party?OK.But a dress might be.A.goodB.worse C.badD.better()17.(2014 長沙)Oh, it was fantastic! Lily danced so well.Well, I think Kate dancedthan Lily.A.wellB.betterC.best()18.(2014 咸寧)What do you think of her teaching English?Gr

19、eat! No one teachesin our school.A.goodB.worseC.betterD.Best()19.(2013 大慶)lf you want to be thinner and healthier, you should eatfood and takeexercise.A.more;fewerB.more;lessC.fewer;moreD.l ess;more()20.(2013 南寧)We held a concert in the hall yesterday.Kate sang among the singers.A.good B.wellC.bette

20、rD.best?形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法 分類圖解句型意義例句as+形容詞/兩者比較，程度This book is almost/nearly as副詞原級+相同。 “asas結(jié)thick as that one.這本書幾乎as構(gòu)前可以帶表示同那本一樣厚。程度的狀語，像His ability is not half as highquite,almost,as yours.他的能力不及你的half, twice, nearly 等。一半。如果形容詞修飾Tom is as good a person as his單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，uncle.湯姆和他叔叔一樣是應(yīng)用as+形容詞/好人。副詞原

21、級+ a（n）This is just as good an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)example as the other one.這個形式+ as。例子和另外那個一樣好。如果指同一個人Li Mei is as beautiful as she is或物，應(yīng)譯為不clever.李梅不但漂亮而且聰?shù)摇?。明。not as /so +兩者相比，一方This village isn ' ats/so big as形容詞/副詞不及另一方。that one.這個村子沒有那個原級+ as村子大。I didn ' do my homework as carefully as you.我做作業(yè)不 如

22、你仔細。形容詞/副詞兩者進行比較。The sun is bigger than the比較級+thanearth.太陽比地球大。She usually gets up earlier than others.她通常比別人起 得早。比較級+ and+比較級越來越結(jié)多 音節(jié)的用 more and more + 形 容 詞或副詞原級。She is growing fatter and fatter.她越來越胖了。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的國 家越來越美了。the +比較級，the +比較級“越， 越”，如果“ th®

23、;比較級結(jié)修 飾名詞作定語， 名詞要緊跟在比 較級之后。The busier the old man is,the happier he feels.那位老人越 忙越高興。The more,the better.越多越 好。The more money he gets,the more he wants.他得到的錢越 多越想要。具體數(shù)字（如倍數(shù)）+asas是的倍。The city is two times as big as my hometown.這個城市有我 的家鄉(xiāng)的2倍大。具體數(shù)字、實 物、倍數(shù)等+比較級+than形容詞與具體倍 數(shù)等的比較。He is a head taller tha

24、n I.他比 我高一個頭。This city is three times larger than that one.這座城市比那 座城市大三倍。形容詞最高 級+介詞短語 （比較范圍）（三者或三者以 上）最的。He is the tallest boy in ourclass.他是我們班里最高的男 孩。副詞最高級+ 介詞短語（比 較范圍）（三者或三者以 上）最的。He works hardest in his class.他是班上學(xué)習(xí)最用功的一 個。特例清單1. “A+謂語動詞+the+比較級+of the two +”，表 示“兩者中較的”。如：Wang Fei is the taller

25、one of the two brothers .王飛是他 們兄弟兩人中較高的一個。2. “ A+謂語動詞+one of the+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“是最的之一”。如：Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school.李老師是我們學(xué)校最受歡迎的老師之一。The Yangtze River is one of the Iongest rivers in the world.長江是世界上最長的河流之一。3. “A+謂語動詞+the+序數(shù)詞+最高級+in/of短語”表示“是第最的” 。如：The Yellow Ri

26、ver is the sec ond Ion gest river in China.黃 河是中國第二長河?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】()21.(2014 銅仁)The Yangtze River is one ofin the world.A.the longest riversB.the longest riverC.lo nger riversD.lo nger river()22.(2014 南充)一I think English is asas maths.I agree with you.A.more interestingB.most interestingC.the most interes

27、tingD.interesting()23.(2014 阜康)Of the two sisters, Lucy isone, and she isalso the one who loves to be quiet.A.a youngerB.a youngestC.the youngerD.the youngest()24.(2014 蘭州)The weather is becoming.A.hotter and hotterB.more hot and hotC.hoter and hoterD.more and more hot()25.(2014 昆明)It ' s smoggy

28、 these days. That ' s terrible!Yeshope to plant trees.trees, air pollution.A.The more , the fewer B.The less, the moreC.The less, the fewerD.The more, the less04整合集訓(xùn)反饋層級化( )1.Joe took up a cup to drink some water, but he found it was.A. empty B.heavyC.clea nD.old()2.It isfor us to bring our umbr

29、ellas because theweather report says it will rain this after noon.A. hardB.i nterest ingC.easyD.n ecessary()3. How about the movie,Jack?It ' s a little boring.And I was tooto watch the endof it.A. sleepy B.asleep C.sleepD.sleepi ng()4. Uncle Wang feels very after finishing thework.He really n ee

30、ds to have a good rest.A. tired;tiri ngB.tired;tiredC.tiri ng;tiredD.tiri ng;tiri ng( )5.Each of you should be careful eno ugh to keep yourselfwhe n doing this chemistry experime nt.A.clearB.safe C.safely D.clearly()6. Hurry up!The concert will begi n soon.Take it easy.We havetime left.A.little B.mu

31、ch C.ma nyD.ple nty()7. Why do you like living in the countryside,UncleWan g?Because the air there isand clea n.A.cold B.dirty C.thin D.fresh()8.We ' d better not eat too muchfood because itnot only bad for our teeth,but also makes us fat easily. A.tasty B.delicious C.sweet D.cheap()9.These days

32、 I have always felt stressed.You can ask Mrs Lee for help .It' sfor her tyour problem.A.n ecessaryB.usefulC.importa ntD.possible()10.Are you,Mike?Yes, Mom. Could you please get me some water?A.thirsty B.tired C.hu ngry D.sick()11. Whose home isaway from school in ourclass?Liu Mei ' s.A.farth

33、erB.farC.the farthestD.n ear()12. Which of the two cars will you buy?Theonedon ' t have much money.A.cheapB.expe nsiveC.cheaperD.more expe nsive()13. Remember this, children.careful you are,mistakes you will make.Yes,Miss Gao.A. The more;the fewerB. The more;the fewC. The more;the lessD. The muc

34、h;the fewer()14. Which is,the sun ,the earth or the moon?The sun of course.A.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.the biggest()15. Your daughter is muchnow.Yes,the pants she wore last year are all too short for her.A.older B .quieter C.taller D.smarter()16.If you keep playing sports every day,your healthwill be ge

35、tt ing.A.good and goodB.better and betterC.best and bestD.better and best()17. Mum,could you buy me a dress like this?Of course.We can buyone tha n this,butit.A. a better;better tha nB. a popular;as good asC. a more popular; not as good asD. a cheaper;as good as( )18. Which provi nee is theone in wi

36、 nter?It should be Heil on gjia ng Prov in ce,I think.A.coldest B.hotter C.warmest D.cooler()19. Would you mind stay ing in such a no isy room?No,but my son n eeds aplace to study in.A.cleaner ' s B.quieter C.safer D.bigger( )20.The actress is already 50,but she lookstha nshe really is.A.youngB.

37、more youngsClvaore youn gerD.much youn ger()21. Tom,what do you think of the school?B.more expe nsiveD.the most expe nsiveyou think of the film you sawfilms I' ve ever seen.B.more in terest ing D.the most in teresti ng_ tha n you,right?runner in our class.B.Oftenin class.A.quicklyC.more quickly學(xué)習(xí)好資料Oh,no other school isin the city. ItA