通信工程畢業(yè)設計的論文外文翻譯TDCDM與WCM絡優(yōu)化分析

1、畢 業(yè) 設 計（論 文）外 文 參 考 資 料 及 譯 文譯文題目： TD-SCDMA與WCMA網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化分析 3G network optimization 學生姓名： 學號： 專業(yè)： 通信工程 所在學院： 龍蟠學院 指導教師： 職稱： 講師 2011年 12 月 1 日說明：要求學生結(jié)合畢業(yè)設計（論文）課題參閱一篇以上的外文資料，并翻譯至少一萬印刷符（或譯出3千漢字）以上的譯文。譯文原則上要求打印（如手寫，一律用400字方格稿紙書寫），連同學校提供的統(tǒng)一封面及英文原文裝訂，于畢業(yè)設計（論文）工作開始后2周內(nèi)完成，作為成績考核的一部分。3G network optimization摘自TD-S

2、CDMA無線網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化原理及方法One, the basic process of 3G network optimizationOperators aim is to build a profitable network, they are very concerned about the network construction, expansion and upgrade in the process of investment cost and its final performance, but the expansion, upgrade costs and network perf

3、ormance is a pair of contradiction. Construction cost budget and control can get relatively accurate numerical, but the performance of the network is composed of many subjective and objective factors. On one hand, the network capacity expansion, upgrading and upgrades to existing users can guarantee

4、 the normal use, on the other hand, it also can provide competitive new business, and makes further expansion, upgrading and upgrades can be carried out smoothly. In this way, the network optimization becomes a long-term, iterative process.Network optimization should be able to according to the oper

5、ators specific needs by means of software tool automatically, can also through manual intervention to achieve the capacity, coverage, QoS ensure a balance point. 3G network system structure is shown in figure 1. Generally, network and includes 3 levels:On Node B, the mobile station performance indic

6、ators for real-time calculation and simulation, including fast power control, rapid congestion resolved, wireless link adaptive, channel allocation;Real time load analysis and control;Based on experience or statistical results, through roadshow, network optimization software for network performance

7、prediction.In front of 2 levels, in the network is completed, by the network management system through the online monitoring and statistics in real time automatic adjustment, while the third level is the need for professionals to carry out, also is we often say that the network optimization.Artifici

8、al network optimization can be divided into the following several steps:First of all, the operator should be based on their own characteristics the definition of a good network optimization is completed to achieve the goal, which determine the above mentioned balance point, including point-to-point

9、quality objectives, different business types of performance indicators and related KPI ( key performance indicators) of various values; later, the existing network performance index data acquisition, through a variety of channels, such as network management system and the convergence device feedback

10、, protocol analyzers and even maintenance department customer complaints such as summary, in conclusion, should be through a variety of ways, using a variety of means, collecting more data, the analysis result is accurate.The collected data is input to the network planning software analysis, can gen

11、erate the current network status, or achieve some indexes are needed for network configuration. In the process of system simulation, some results in the initial analysis is complete, the error will be relatively large, at this time, some parameters are fine-tuned, local iterative analysis of system,

12、 it was repeatedly modified, will eventually get accurate results.Network optimization to achieve the purpose of including: improving network coverage, reduce the system call drop rate, loss rate, improve the switching success rate, on Node B load adjustment, optimization of Node B pilot frequency d

13、istribution. Optimization of indicators include: Node B sector transmission power, antenna height and angle, the adjacent Node B position and the pilot signal, the adjacent Node B pilot search window size, trigger switch threshold value.In the process of network optimization, we need to use differen

14、t tools, and these tools have different effects.1 planning softwareIn detail simulation process, we will be new or expansion, upgrading the site information input to the electronic map. Through repeated simulation and tuning, resulting in some constraints ( such as site location, determining fixed c

15、onfiguration ), optimal coverage, capacity, quality of service indicators. Land use planning software optimization stage, through the simulation to determine the system factors include: Node B site, type of antenna, antenna angle. On the basis of the existing network expansion, upgrade, the operator

16、 is always concerned with optimization is completed, the new capacity can achieve the simulation predicted value.2 network management systemNetwork management system is to monitor network performance, the system data acquisition. It can be shown that the distribution business, the business such as t

17、he quality of call loss rate statistics, therefore, can help the maintenance engineer for fault location.QoS indexes are relatively flexible, according to KPI requirements or cost control requirements, can be identified in the corresponding QoS index. The constraints include: hardware resources ( ch

18、annel capacity configuration ), software resources ( interference caps ), call loss rate, dropped call rate, call rate, handover success rate, the uplink / downlink channel load, data retransmission / delay, data and circuit type business rate etc. To meet these requirements, network management syst

19、em should have the following 3 functions:( 1) monitoring network traffic and performance;( 2) real-time fault detection and rapid positioning, in order to improve the quality of service;( 3 ) automatically collected, aggregated data required for network planning.3 simulation tool softwareAiming at t

20、he existing network operation, through the specialized test software tools, we can draw some area or the whole network performance, through simulation analysis software, the various indicators of classification statistics, network optimization engineer to do a detailed assessment of the overall netw

21、ork performance. Analysis software through the network access to wireless link index, total co-channel interference, and statistical analysis. Some of these data is random, such as a mobile station to a receiving level value, receiving / transmitting power. While some other indicators are static, su

22、ch as switching time, switching rate of success, the statistical analysis of the results can help the network optimization engineer on the existing network conditions have a clear understanding, and targeted for network optimization.Network planning and optimization is a repeated operation, accordin

23、g to the actual situation and needs, which are theoretically analyzed and calculated, and through the practice of repeatedly correcting.In two, WCDMA and TD-SCDMA network optimization of similarities and differencesIn general, the configuration of hardware design and planning and product parameters

24、have direct relation, such as a radio link antenna gain, isolation, baseband signal electric equality. This aspect of the planning and design to the antenna azimuth, pitch angle, height etc. Radio resource management ( RRM ) includes switching control, power control, control, load control and so on.

25、 And according to the different business model, channel mode and system, design and optimization software to use different algorithms. For 3G system, 3 kinds of international standard, in the business model, channel model of the two is exactly the same, but the system in different wireless modulatio

26、n, different physical layer technology determines the different radio propagation model.The TD-SCDMA and 3GPP recommended by the other 3G standards, technical differences reflected in the smart antenna, joint detection, uplink / downlink synchronization, special frame structure etc. Therefore, netwo

27、rk planning and optimization with other system in the reference model is slightly different, and among them, the smart antenna is introduced to analysis result.Therefore, for the TD-SCDMA system, network optimization more should consider the channel allocation algorithm, intelligent antenna indicato

28、r features. Below, we on the TD-SCDMA and WCDMA optimization in several ways are compared.The 1 switchSwitch design for each mobile communication network are very important. From cyber source use efficiency perspective, mobile station not in the best business sector, largely influence the quality of

29、 the business. For example, a Node B pilot signal is too strong, around the mobile station will often switch to the sector, causing the Node B wireless resources are occupied, the system load is too large, will increase the area of the drop rate, at the same time, area of the interferences between m

30、obile stations will increase.In the system of WCDMA, same frequency switching using soft switching ( soft / softer handoff ) manner, in TD-SCDMA, is the use of relay switching ( Baton Handover ), which is a kind of hard switching and soft switching between a switching mode. TD-SCDMA is also one of t

31、he core technologies in mobile communication system. Its design concept is the use of smart antenna and uplink synchronization technology, the mobile station distance and azimuth positioning based on mobile station, according to the bearing and distance information as auxiliary information to determ

32、ine whether the mobile station mobile to be switched between adjacent Node B neighborhood. If the mobile station enters the switching region, RNC notifies the Node B to switch to prepare, so as to achieve rapid, reliable and efficient switching purposes. This process is a track and field competition

33、 in the relay race relay baton, figure ground says for relay switch. Relay switch with intelligent antenna and uplink synchronization technology, soft switching high success rate and hard switching high channel utilization together, is a good system performance optimization of the switching method.A

34、ccording to the TD-SDMA switch, in the planning and optimization to consider the following points.( 1) the measurement of different switching range.( 2) in the other system, when switching, Node B does not know the exact location of the mobile station and moving direction. RNC notified to all Node B

35、 measured in a mobile station signal level, whereas in TD-SCDMA, Node B on the signal level measurement based on its current location, RNC according to its moving direction, only to inform their most likely near the Node B measurement. If the mobile station speed, change of direction very quickly, m

36、easuring time delay and network load is relatively large, the relay switch and the effect of WCDMA soft switching effect, conversely, if the district range is too small, easily occur Hou selected pilot area of signal loss, system call drop rate will increase.(3 ) for the purpose of signal strength m

37、easurement delay in switching area.( 4) relay switching and soft switching, is aimed at with the original community maintain communication at the same time, and will switch to the community to establish a connection. But in order to reduce the switching time, its judgments than soft handoff more str

38、ict. If the current cell service quality is relatively high, the mobile station can increase the adjacent Node B signal level measurement interval, when the district service quality decline, the mobile station on the adjacent Node B signal level measuring interval will be reduced. Therefore, in the

39、TD-SCDMA, there is a strong pilot signal Node B is not necessarily the mobile business service Node B. But in WCDMA, switching occurs always in the pilot signal strength as the basis of decision.2 channel allocationWCDMA channel allocation is relatively simple, in the same frequency channel allocati

40、on in the same order system. But in the TD-SCDMA system, using dynamic channel assignment ( DCA ) method, system in any one physical channel is through its carrier frequency / time / spread spectrum code combination to tag. Channel assignment is actually a radio resource allocation process.The techn

41、ology of DCA, the channel is not fixed to a small, but are lumped together for distribution; as long as it can provide enough link quality, any area is the channel to call. DCA has a high utilization rate of the frequency band, without channel planning, can automatically adapt to the network load an

42、d interference changes etc. The drawback is that, DCA algorithm is compared to FCA ( fixed channel allocation ) is more complex, the system overhead is relatively large.The DCA algorithm is divided into slow and fast slow DCA DCA DCA, wireless channel allocation to the District, and rapid DCA channe

43、l to business. RNC management area of available resources, and the dynamic allocation to the user, specific distribution depends on the system load, the business requirements of QoS parameters. Therefore, there are many kinds of DCA algorithm. The most used is based on the interference measurement o

44、f DCA algorithm, this algorithm according to the mobile station feedback real-time interference measurement results distribution channel.A good DCA algorithm can improve the bandwidth utilization rate, and can adaptively reduce the system load, but also save the network planning in the planning and

45、distribution channel link. However, if the use of DCA algorithm is inconsistent with the actual situation, would run counter to ones desire.3 smart antennaIn the TD system, if not using smart antenna, to a user, the same time slot in the useful signal other than the signal power is affecting the qua

46、lity of communication interference and noise; the beam shaping, only from the main valve and larger sidelobe interference will affect user signal. Smart antenna beam shaping effectively reduces the interference between users, its essence is to different user signal in space to distinguish.Smart ante

47、nna for TD-SCDMA network performance impact is very big, accordingly, in the DCA algorithm needs to consider the space division multiplexing ( SCDM ). The power control, breathing effect range, interference control algorithm and WCDMA, smart antenna is used in the handoff algorithm in some criterion

48、 relationship becomes fuzzy and complicated, parameter measurement of random factors, such as the mobile users location, such as the effect of intelligent antenna. Cell breathing effect more randomization, the switch region is randomization.4 indoor coverageIn the WCDMA system, for hot spot coverage

49、, especially the construction of large indoor coverage, the widespread use of indoor signal distribution system. In the indoor ceiling mounted omnidirectional antenna, or in the corridor wall mounted antenna, establishment of micro cellular, increased repeater, distributor and other equipment to imp

50、rove the utilization rate of wireless resource. Therefore, users in indoor mobile, can also be effective communication, in this way to access Node B users, its signal is Node B viewed through different antenna to receive the same user multi-path signal.In the TD-SCDMA system, indoor signal distribut

51、ion and WCDMA are different.( 1) TD-SCDMA through intelligent antenna estimated arrival time difference DOA ( different of arriaval ), but the repeater, or indoor antenna without this function.( 2) the TD-SCDMA uplink / downlink synchronous. Uplink synchronization establishment and maintenance needs

52、 to measure the transmission power, and by measuring the transmission power of mobile station, change trend and signal delay statistics and estimation, Node B can determine the user location. But as a result of indoor antenna gain and Node B is different, if users in indoor and outdoor antenna cover

53、age between repeated switching, Node B cannot determine the users according to the transmission power of the distance, also cannot maintain uplink synchronization. For this, need special algorithm, in this case in distance estimation of delay or gain value compensation, in order to ensure synchroniz

54、ation. For a specific algorithm, but also in the exploration in practice experience value network.Three, conclusionNetwork optimization is to ensure that the network service quality, make full use of the important means of cyber source. The network was optimized, not only to improve user satisfactio

55、n, it can save the carrier construction and maintenance cost, enhance its market competitive power. Is the operator of the continuous development of the basic guarantee.In our country, the 2G network after 10 years of construction and optimization, currently 300000000 mobile users, operators, manufa

56、cturers in the process, also accumulated rich experience. However, due to the construction of 3G network in our country has not started yet, for 3G network planning and optimization, the current work concentrates at the theoretical level, the corresponding software tools remain to be practical翻譯結(jié)果重試

57、抱歉，系統(tǒng)響應超時，請稍后再試 支持中英、中日在線互譯 支持網(wǎng)頁翻譯，在輸入框輸入網(wǎng)頁地址即可 提供一鍵清空、復制功能、支持雙語對照查看，使您體驗更加流暢3G網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化摘自TD-SCDMA無線網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化原理及方法一、3G網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化的基本過程 運營商的目標是構(gòu)建一張可盈利的網(wǎng)絡，他們非常關心網(wǎng)絡建設、擴容及升級過程中的投資成本及其最終性能，但擴容、升級成本與網(wǎng)絡性能卻是一對矛盾。建設成本可通過預算與控制得到相對精確的數(shù)值，但是網(wǎng)絡的性能卻是由多種主客觀因素決定的。一方面，對網(wǎng)絡進行擴容、升級與升級要能夠保證現(xiàn)有用戶的正常使用，另一方面，它還要能提供有競爭力的新業(yè)務，并使得進一步的擴容、升級與升級能夠順

58、利實施。這樣，網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化就成為了一個長期的、反復進行的過程。 網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化應能夠根據(jù)運營商的具體需求即能通過軟件工具自動進行，也能通過人工干預來達到容量、覆蓋、QoS保證的某個平衡點。3G網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1所示。一般來說，網(wǎng)優(yōu)包括3個層面： 對Node B、移動臺的性能指標進行實時計算與模擬，包括快速功率控制、快速擁塞解決、無線鏈路自適應、信道分配等； 實時負載的分析與控制； 基于經(jīng)驗值或統(tǒng)計結(jié)果，通過路演、網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化軟件對網(wǎng)絡性能進行預估。 前面2個層面，是在網(wǎng)絡建成后，由網(wǎng)管系統(tǒng)通過在線監(jiān)測與統(tǒng)計實時進行的自動調(diào)整，而第3個層面則需要專業(yè)人員來實施，也即是我們常說的進行網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化。 人工進行的網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化又可分成以下幾個步驟： 首先，運營商應根據(jù)自身特點定義好網(wǎng)絡優(yōu)化完成后要達到的目標，即確定前文所提到的“平衡點”，