步步高-2016中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)課件英語-非謂語動詞(共28張PPT)

1、目錄頁CONTENTS PAGE第一部分考點梳理 第二部分詞語辨析 目錄目錄頁CONTENTS PAGE第一部分考點梳理1動詞不定式的構(gòu)成肯定形式：to do如： decide to study 決定學(xué)習(xí)否定形式：not to do如： decide not to leave 決定不離開考點一動詞不定式的基本用法2動詞不定式的語法功能考點一動詞不定式的基本用法成分例句作賓語 My family like to do sports every day. 我們?nèi)蚁矚g每天運(yùn)動。作賓補(bǔ) Our teachers often ask us not to play computer games. 我們的

2、老師要我們不要玩電子游戲。作狀語 They stay there to wait for the latest news. 他們待在那兒等最新新聞。(作目的狀語)They are too tired to walk. 他們太累了走不動了。(作結(jié)果狀語)作定語 Would you like something to eat? 你想吃什么呢？作主語To speak English is easy for me. Its easy for me to speak English. 對我來說，講英語很簡單。作表語Her job is to look after the old. 他的工作是照顧老人。巧

3、學(xué)妙計：巧記動詞不定式基本用法： 不定式有標(biāo)記，to與動原連一起；沒有人稱數(shù)變化，動詞特點它具備； 主賓定補(bǔ)表狀語，唯獨(dú)作謂不可以；not加上不定式，否定結(jié)構(gòu)要牢記； 疑問詞與不定式，構(gòu)成短語有意義；仔細(xì)推敲多思考。準(zhǔn)確判斷有依據(jù)?？键c一動詞不定式的基本用法 ()In order _ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. Anot to be late Bnot being late Cto be late Dbeing late考點鏈接A 解析：A考查非謂語動詞 in order to

4、do sth.。句意：為了會議不遲到，我的妹妹強(qiáng)制她自己今早早點起床。3后面接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：考點一動詞不定式的基本用法would like/want to dolike to doplan to dorefuse to dohope/wish to dolearn to dohelp to dotry (not) to dobegin/start to docontinue to dooffer to dodecide(not) to doafford to doagree to doprefer to dopromise(not) to do如： I want to play b

5、asketball this weekend. 這個周末我想打籃球。 The boy decided to get up early the next day. 男孩決定第二天早點起床。注意：在常用句型“find/thinkitadj.to do sth.”中，it作形式賓語，動詞不定式作真正的賓語，放在賓語補(bǔ)足語(adj.)后面。如： I find it great to walk along such a beautiful river bank. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)在這么漂亮的河邊散步真是太棒了。考點一動詞不定式的基本用法 ()Try to sing more English songs, you

6、will find it interesting _ a foreign language. Alearning Blearns Clearn Dto learn考點鏈接D 解 析：D根據(jù)句型“finditadj.to do sth.”可知選D。4后面接動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：考點一動詞不定式的基本用法tell sb.(not) to doexpect sb. to doadvise sb. to dohelp sb. to doask sb.(not) to doinvite sb. to doforce sb. to doteach sb. to dowould like/want sb

7、. to doallow sb. to dowish sb. to dopersuade sb. to do如：My mother wants me to be a teacher.我媽媽想讓我成為一名教師。 She asked the students to say something.她讓學(xué)生們說一說。 () 1. We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. Anot leave Bnot to leave C. leave Dto leave考點鏈接B 解

8、析：B本題考查動詞不定式作賓語的advise sb. to do stb.。根據(jù)后半句的“in order to keep them alone”可知應(yīng)該用不定式的否定式。故選B。 ()2. Toms mother asked him _some washing after dinner. Ato do Bdoes Cdo Ddid考點鏈接A 解析：A本題考查動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的ask sb. to do, 故選A。 () 3. Doctor Wang often asks us_too much meat. Adont eat Bnot eat Cnot to eat Ddoesnt eat考

9、點鏈接C 解析：C本題考查動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的ask sb. not to do, 故選C。5動詞不定式作定語時，不定式必須放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。如： They have no house to live in. 他們沒有房子住。6特殊疑問詞不定式不定式可以和疑問代詞(who, whom, whose, what, which)或疑問副詞(when, where, how, why)連用構(gòu)成不定式短語。巧記常見動詞： 學(xué)會忘記有難處(learn, forget) 想知道就別來勸告(wonder，know，advise) 展開討論教人對付(show, discuss，teach) 弄清楚才決

10、定告訴(find out, decide, tell)考點一動詞不定式的基本用法如： (1)Can you tell me how to use MSN to chat online? 你能告訴我怎樣用MSN在網(wǎng)上聊天嗎？ (2)We havent decided where to go. 我們不能決定不了去哪兒？ (3)The two watches are both very beautiful. I really dont know which to choose. 這兩塊表都很好，我真的不知道選哪一塊？考點一動詞不定式的基本用法() We can use QQ to chat with

11、 each other on the Internet. Really? Will you please show me _ it? Ahow to use Bwhat to use Chow can I use Dwhat can I use考點鏈接A 解析：Ashow后接賓語從句時要用陳述句語序，排除C、D；因已有賓語it，故“疑問詞不定式”中的疑問詞要用how而不用what。故選A。7后面接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：考點一動詞不定式的基本用法例詞例句make 使If you see the cartoon film, it will make you laugh.let 讓It

12、s late. Let us go home.see 看見I saw them play basketball on the playground.hear 聽到We often hear him sing songs in the next room.notice 注意She noticed him enter the room just now.注意：使役動詞make/let/havesb.do, 感官動詞“see，watch, notice, hear, look at, listen to, feel(四看兩聽一感覺)sb.do”(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的過程或經(jīng)常性), 當(dāng)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要加上省

13、略的to。如： The funny child made everyone laugh. 這個有趣的孩子讓每個人都笑了。 Everyone was made to laugh by the funny child. 每個人都被這個有趣的孩子逗笑了。 All of us heard her sing. 我們?nèi)悸牭搅怂琛?She was heard to sing by all of us. 我們?nèi)悸牭搅怂?。考點一動詞不定式的基本用法8其他省略 I. had better (not) do sth.意為“最好(不要)做某事”，是固定搭配。 II. Why not do？Why dont

14、 you do？意為“為何不做？”，用于提出建議。 III. would rather dothan do意為“寧愿做而不愿做”?？键c一動詞不定式的基本用法1動名詞的構(gòu)成： v.ing如： smiling2動名詞的語法功能考點二動名詞的基本用法用法例句作賓語 Would you mind closing the door for me? 你介意幫我關(guān)上門嗎？作主語Traveling by taxi in Paris is quite expensive. 在巴黎打車旅行非常貴。3. 后面接動名詞作賓語的動詞有：考點二動名詞的基本用法enjoy/like doingfinish doingkee

15、p doingforget doinghate doingstop doingprefer doingavoid doingmind doingpractice doingremember doingconsider doing4. 常見的后面接動名詞作賓語的短語有：考點二動名詞的基本用法對做感興趣be interested in doing做開心have a good time doing/have fun doing習(xí)慣做be used to doing忙于做be busy doing推遲做put off doing做有困難have a hard time doing情不自禁做cant h

16、elp doing想做feel like doing值得做be worth doing喜歡做更勝于做prefer doing to doing放棄做give up doing注意做pay attention to doing為做貢獻(xiàn)make a contribution to doing阻止做keep/stop/preventfrom doing做有麻煩/樂趣have trouble/difficulty/fun doing期望做look forward to doing考點三感官動詞see, watch, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel(四看兩聽

17、一感覺)接do和doing的區(qū)分 do 表示經(jīng)?；蛞呀?jīng)發(fā)生的動作 (全部) doing 表示正在進(jìn)行的動作 (部分)seeI often see them dance on the square.I saw him playing outside just now.hearI often hear him sing in the room.I heard her crying when I entered the room.考點四非謂語動詞易混淆詞組辨析考點四非謂語動詞易混淆詞組辨析1It isadj.to do sth 做某事是2Itsadj.(clever, kind, good, rig

18、ht, wrong, foolish, nice) of sb. to do sth.3Itsadj.(difficult, easy, hard, important, interesting) for sb. to do sth.4It is time (for sb.) to do sth. Its time for sb. for sth.是某人做某事的時候了5It takes sb. some time to do sth.花費(fèi)某人時間做某事 6sb. find(think) itadj. to do sth.某人發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是7tooadj./adv.(for sb.) to do sth. 太而不能8adj./adv. enough to do