初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)習(xí)案（Word版）

1、.“師之概念，大體是從先秦時(shí)期的“師長(zhǎng)、師傅、先生而來(lái)。其中“師傅更早那么意指春秋時(shí)國(guó)君的老師。?說(shuō)文解字?中有注曰：“師教人以道者之稱(chēng)也?！皫熤x，如今泛指從事教育工作或是傳授知識(shí)技術(shù)也或是某方面有特長(zhǎng)值得學(xué)習(xí)者?！袄蠋煹脑獠⒎怯伞袄隙稳荨皫??！袄显谂f語(yǔ)義中也是一種尊稱(chēng)，隱喻年長(zhǎng)且學(xué)識(shí)淵博者?！袄稀皫熯B用最初見(jiàn)于?史記?，有“荀卿最為老師之說(shuō)法。漸漸“老師之說(shuō)也不再有年齡的限制，老少皆可適用。只是司馬遷筆下的“老師當(dāng)然不是今日意義上的“老師，其只是“老和“師的復(fù)合構(gòu)詞，所表達(dá)的含義多指對(duì)知識(shí)淵博者的一種尊稱(chēng)，雖能從其身上學(xué)以“道，但其不一定是知識(shí)的傳播者。今天看來(lái)，“老師的必要條件不光

2、是擁有知識(shí)，更重于傳播知識(shí)。“師之概念，大體是從先秦時(shí)期的“師長(zhǎng)、師傅、先生而來(lái)。其中“師傅更早那么意指春秋時(shí)國(guó)君的老師。?說(shuō)文解字?中有注曰：“師教人以道者之稱(chēng)也?！皫熤x，如今泛指從事教育工作或是傳授知識(shí)技術(shù)也或是某方面有特長(zhǎng)值得學(xué)習(xí)者?！袄蠋煹脑獠⒎怯伞袄隙稳荨皫煛！袄显谂f語(yǔ)義中也是一種尊稱(chēng)，隱喻年長(zhǎng)且學(xué)識(shí)淵博者。“老“師連用最初見(jiàn)于?史記?，有“荀卿最為老師之說(shuō)法。漸漸“老師之說(shuō)也不再有年齡的限制，老少皆可適用。只是司馬遷筆下的“老師當(dāng)然不是今日意義上的“老師，其只是“老和“師的復(fù)合構(gòu)詞，所表達(dá)的含義多指對(duì)知識(shí)淵博者的一種尊稱(chēng)，雖能從其身上學(xué)以“道，但其不一定是知識(shí)的傳播者。今天

3、看來(lái)，“老師的必要條件不光是擁有知識(shí)，更重于傳播知識(shí)。要練說(shuō)，得練看。看與說(shuō)是統(tǒng)一的，看不準(zhǔn)就難以說(shuō)得好。練看，就是訓(xùn)練幼兒的觀察才能，擴(kuò)大幼兒的認(rèn)知范圍，讓幼兒在觀察事物、觀察生活、觀察自然的活動(dòng)中，積累詞匯、理解詞義、開(kāi)展語(yǔ)言。在運(yùn)用觀察法組織活動(dòng)時(shí)，我著眼觀察于觀察對(duì)象的選擇，著力于觀察過(guò)程的指導(dǎo)，著重于幼兒觀察才能和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)才能的進(jìn)步。其實(shí),任何一門(mén)學(xué)科都離不開(kāi)死記硬背,關(guān)鍵是記憶有技巧,“死記之后會(huì)“活用。不記住那些根底知識(shí),怎么會(huì)向高層次進(jìn)軍?尤其是語(yǔ)文學(xué)科涉獵的范圍很廣,要真正進(jìn)步學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作程度,單靠分析文章的寫(xiě)作技巧是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的,必須從根底知識(shí)抓起,每天擠一點(diǎn)時(shí)間讓學(xué)生“死記名

4、篇佳句、名言警句,以及豐富的詞語(yǔ)、新穎的材料等。這樣,就會(huì)在有限的時(shí)間、空間里給學(xué)生的腦海里注入無(wú)限的內(nèi)容。日積月累,積少成多,從而收到水滴石穿,繩鋸木斷的成效。初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)定義§ 表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系§ 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的受者§ 助動(dòng)詞 be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般情形be+過(guò)去分詞§ The thief is being chased by the policeman. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：The police is chasing the thief.§ He is believed by me. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： I believe hi

5、m.§ A new school will be built in our neighborhood by the government.§ 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：The government will build a new school in our neighborhood.§ Everyone will know the bad news. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：The bad news will be known by everyone.§ All that can be done has been done. get+過(guò)去分詞§ I will have o

6、nly instant noodles until I get paid on Friday. 在周五被發(fā)工資錢(qián)，我只能啃方便面了。特殊情形不及物動(dòng)詞：remain, happen, occur, 和詞組 take place, belong to, give out, go out, come out 等，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 表狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞以主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，如 smell, taste, sound, look, prove§ The theory proves right. 理論被證明是對(duì)的§ The food testes good,食物被嘗起來(lái)好吃#;第 5 頁(yè)

7、7; You looks fabulous. 你被看起來(lái)榮光四射。§ The bacon smells delicious. 烤肉被聞起來(lái)很香。 表應(yīng)得 want, require, deserve, need 跟動(dòng)名詞表被動(dòng)§ These flowers need watering. 花兒需要被澆了。§ The children want caring rather than scolding. 孩子需要被愛(ài)而不是被斥責(zé)。§ Your achievements deserve our praising. 你的成就，值得被我們贊揚(yáng)。be worth do

8、ing 表被動(dòng)§ The book is worth reading.§ It is worth checking the details of the contract before you sign it. 簽合同前，把合同的細(xì)節(jié)仔細(xì)審查一下 是值得的。to let, to blame 表被動(dòng)§ This apartment is to let. 本公寓出租。§ He is to blame for the divorce. 他應(yīng)該為離婚被譴責(zé)。§ No one is to blame except myself.§ In org

9、anizations where everyone is to blame, no one is really to blame. 有些組織里，看起來(lái)人人該被責(zé) 備，其實(shí)沒(méi)有人該被責(zé)備。sell, write, open, lock, shut, wear, wash, keep, cook, cut 和 well, smooth, easily 連用表性能特點(diǎn)等需用主動(dòng)形式§ iPhone sells well on the market.§ Hero pen writes smoothly.§ The knife cuts sharply.課后練習(xí)題主動(dòng)句轉(zhuǎn)被

10、動(dòng)句1 his mother told him not to waste time on fishing.2 Father gave me a toy at Christmas.3 This factory produces machine tools.4 They should do it at once.5 He is likely to let you down.6 They named the child tom.答案1 He was told not to waste time on fishing by his mother.2 I was given a toy at Chris

11、tmas by my father.3 Machine tools are produced in this factory.4 It should be done at once by them.5 You are likely to be let down.6 The child was named tom.以上幾個(gè)例子都是從語(yǔ)法書(shū)摘抄的。代表了幾種不同形式的被動(dòng)變法。12 是不同的動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)中賓語(yǔ)變被動(dòng)；3 是一般句子變被動(dòng)；4 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)；5 是不定式變被動(dòng)；6 是主動(dòng)賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)。 把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.We found some jewels in a box.2

12、. The teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision.3. James has left a parcel for you.4. You must finish the article before Friday.5. They will not paint the house again next year.6. They promised Mary a new doll for her birthday.7. I have told the children many times not to skate on the p

13、ond.8. Where did he translate the story?9. We had to repair our TV set.10. Do they take good care of the sick?11. They company has paid the workers very handsome wages.12. They showed me the room where they lived.把下列句子變成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Spanish is spoken in South America.2. The plans will have to be revised.3.

14、 All the words must be looked up in a dictionary.4. Has John been cured of his heart illness?5. The door should not have been left open all night.6. We are afraid that we may be attacked at night.7. We are being taught how to operate the new machine.翻譯1.The shirt washes well.2. The shirt is being wa

15、shed now.3. The door wont lock.4. The shop is closed now.5. The room is filled with smoke.6. It is reported that the big fire has been put out.7.臺(tái)灣屬于中國(guó).8.韓寒的書(shū)很暢銷(xiāo).9.這錄音機(jī)不轉(zhuǎn).10.火災(zāi)是怎樣發(fā)生的?11.這個(gè)問(wèn)題值得討論.12.這種布摸起來(lái)很柔軟.選擇正確答案1. When I got to his office, I that he out.A. told, had beenB. was told, wasC. had tol

16、d, wasD. was told, had been2. The vegetables didnt taste very good. They for too long.A. cookedB. were cookedC. had cookedD. had been cooked3. The anti-Japanese war in 1937 and it eight years. A. was broken, lastedB. broke out, lastedC. break out, lastedD. broke out, was lasted4. She was heard _A an

17、 English song.A. to singB. singC. sangD. to be sang5. These boxes are very heavy .A. be carriedB. carryC. carriedD. be carrying6. The police found that the house and a lot of things .A. had been broken into, has been stolenB. has broken into, has been stolenC. had been broken into, stolenD. has brok

18、en into, has stolen7. Coal can to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. A. have usedB. usedC. be usedD. use8. John has never dreamt of .A. taken to AthensB. taking to AthensC. be taking to AthensD. being taken to Athens9. Nobody likes .A. laughed atB. laughing atC. being laughed atD. bei

19、ng laughed10. The bridge will be completed next year.A. builtB. being builtC. is being builtD. building11. It is said that tigers in Asia year after year.A. are being disappearedB. are disappearingC. will be disappearedD. will disappear12. Im going to Wuhan tomorrow. Do you have anything to your mother? A. to takeB. takenC. to be takenD. taking13. Take it easy. There is nothing .A. to worryB . to be worriedC. to be worried aboutD. to worry about14. Your new computer will soon become outdated, because technology so fast.A. is developedB. is being developed