初中英語構(gòu)詞法大全

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初中英語構(gòu)詞法大全1.轉(zhuǎn)換法在英語中，一個單詞由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性而詞形不變的方法叫做轉(zhuǎn)化法。1. 動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞Let me have a try.讓我試試。They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school.在學(xué)校里只準許他們出售不含酒精的飲料。2. 名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞He shouldered his way through the crowd.他用肩膀推開人群前進。The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water.從廚房傳來的氣味使他流口水。3. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)

2、化為動詞We will try our best to better our living conditions.我們要盡力改善我們的生活狀況。They tried to perfect the working conditions.他們努力改善工作條件。4. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞He didnt know the difference between right and wrong.他不辨是非。The old in our village are living a happy life.我們村的老年人過著幸福的生活。5. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞How long have you lived there

3、?你在那兒住多久了?6. 個別詞在一定場合中可轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.穿暖和的衣服到山區(qū)去是必須的。Life is full of ups and downs.人生有得意時也有失意時。His argument contains too many ifs and buts.他的辯論中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。2.合成法由兩個或兩個以上的單詞連在一起合成一個新詞，這種構(gòu)詞法叫做合成法，合成的詞叫做合成詞。合成詞一般看其詞，知其意。1. 合成名詞名詞/代詞+名詞newspaper blood-test she-wolf動詞+名詞

4、typewriter pickpocket daybreak形容詞+名詞greenhouse highway副詞+名詞overcoat outside名詞+v.-ing/v.-ing +名詞handwriting reading-room freezing-point動詞+副詞/ 副詞+ 動詞breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome名詞+介詞+名詞sister-in-law editor-in-chief2. 合成形容詞名詞+形容詞/形容詞+名詞world-famous duty-free large-scale long- term副詞+形容詞ov

5、er-anxious evergreen名詞+過去分詞man-made sun-burnt名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞peace-loving English-speaking形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking easy-going副詞+過去分詞well-informed widespread副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞hardworking far-reaching形容詞+名詞+edwarm-hearted absent-minded數(shù)詞+名詞+edthree-legged ten-storied數(shù)詞+名詞one-way fivestar數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞ten-year-old 800-meter-long名詞

6、+to+名詞face to-face door - to -door3. 合成動詞名詞+動詞baby-sit sleepwalk副詞+動詞outnumber underestimate overwork形容詞+動詞whitewash4. 合成副詞形容詞+名詞meanwhile anyway形容詞+副詞everywhere anyhow副詞+副詞however介詞+名詞beforehand overhead介詞+副詞forever5. 合成代詞代詞賓格+self/selvesherself themselves物主代詞+self/selvesmyself yourselves形容詞+名詞anyt

7、hing nothing6. 合成介詞副詞+名詞inside outside介詞+副詞without within副詞+介詞into3.派生法由一個詞加上前綴或后綴構(gòu)成一個與原單詞意義相近或截然相反的新詞叫做派生法。1. 前綴除少數(shù)前綴外，前綴一般改變單詞的意義，但不改變單詞的詞性。(1)表示否定意義的前綴un- unhappy unfinished undressdis- disagree disbelievein- il-(在字母l前)，im- (在字母m,b,p前)，ir- (在字母r前) inaccurate illegal impolite imbalance irregularmi

8、s- misbehave mislead mistakenon- nonstop nonsmoker(2)表示其他意義的前綴en- “使”enrich enlarge encourageinter- “相互”international intercontinentalre- “再，又，重”rethink retell recycletele- “遠程的”telescope telephone telegraphauto- “自動的”automatic automobileco- “共同”coworker cooperate coexistanti- “反對，抵抗”antiwar antifre

9、eze antinuclearmulti- “多”multistory multicultural multicolorbi- “雙，二”bicycle bilingual bilateralmicro- “極小的，微小的”microwave microcomputerover- “太多，過分”overwork overdo overestimateself- “自己，本身”self-centered self-confident self-controlunder- “在下面，下的，不足的”underline, underground, underestimate, underrate2.

10、后綴(1)形容詞后綴-able “可的，具有的”acceptable drinkable knowledgeable reasonable-al “與有關(guān)的”physical, magical, political-an “屬于某地方的人”American African-ern “方向”southern, northern, eastern-ful/ less “(沒)有的”helpful, useful, homeless, hopeless-ish “如的;有特征的”foolish childish selfish-ive “有傾向的”active attractive expensiv

11、e-en “由制成的”golden wooden woolen-ous “有(性質(zhì))的”famous, dangerous, poisonous-ly “有性質(zhì)的”friendly yearly daily-y “構(gòu)成形容詞”noisy dusty cloudy(2)名詞后綴-er / or “表人或用具”farmer, baker, visitor, professor, cooker, container-ese “某國(人)的”Chinese, Japanese-ian “某國、某地人;精通的人”musician, Asian, Russian, technician-ist “某種主義

12、或職業(yè)者”physicist, scientist, communist，socialist-ess “表女性，雌性”hostess, actress, princess-ment “行為或其狀態(tài)”government, movement, achievement-ness “性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)”illness, sadness, carelessness-tion “動作，過程，結(jié)果”invention, organization, translation-ance/ ence “抽象;行為、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)”importance, appearance, absence, existence-th “性

13、質(zhì)、情況”depth, warmth, truth-ful “(滿的)量”handful, spoonful, mouthful-(a)bility “抽象、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)”possibility, disability, reliability-al “過程、狀態(tài)”survival, arrival, approval-y “性質(zhì)、情況”modesty, delivery, honesty-dom “處于狀態(tài);性質(zhì)”freedom, boredom-age “狀態(tài)，行為，身份及其結(jié)果”courage, storage, marriage(3)動詞后綴-fy / ify “使得;變得”simplify, beautify, purify-en “使成為;變得”shorten, deepen, sadden-ize “使成為”apologize,