新概念第二冊第15課

1、Revision: Lesson 14 Do you speak English?Special difficulties:Key structure: 過去完成時(9AUnit5): 時間狀語從句中，如果兩個動作都發(fā)生在過去，同時發(fā)生，要用過去進行時態(tài)；如果一先一后發(fā)生，先發(fā)生的動作用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的動作用一般過去時。 ask & ask for except & except for & besides & apart from either of & neither of & both of & all ofExercises:

2、1.The man of_experience said he had_very interesting experience the other day. A./; / B.a; / C./; a D.a; a2.He_in the factory for three years before he joined the Army. A.works B.had worked C.will work D.has worked3.I like_of the books, that is, I dont like_of the designs. A.either;neither B.neither

3、;one C.neither;either D.either;both4. We _(paint) the house before we _ (move) in.5. That rich old man _ (make) a will before he _ (die).6. The robbers _ (run away ) before the policemen _ (arrive).7. Paul _ _ (go) out with Jane after he _ _ _ (turn off) the light.8.When I _(arrive) at the station,

4、he _(leave).had paintedmovedhad madediedhad run awayarrivedwenthad turned offarrivedhad left secretary n.秘書 (英）大臣，（美）部長secret n.秘密 tell a secret keep a secret the secret of success an open secret secret adj.秘密的，保密的，不公開的 a secret marriage a secret document secret(秘密秘密)+ ary（人）（人）=secretary（秘書）（秘書）sec

5、retary n.秘書，書記a private secretary Secretary-general 秘書長Secretary of State （美）國務(wù)卿nervous 精神緊張的The exam is coming, so I feel very nervous.adj. 擔憂的，緊張的 I felt very nervous when I went into his office. 當我走進他的辦公室時，我感到很緊張。 Get nervous 變得緊張 I always get so nervous about going on stage. 我上臺就會變得很緊張。 Dont be

6、nervous! 別緊張！afford fd 擔負得起 I have a lot of money, so I could afford an apartment.v. 買得起，經(jīng)受得住，承擔得起 afford sth: e.g. I can afford the book. afford money/ time: e.g. I can afford five yuan. afford to do sth: e.g. I can afford to buy the book.(注意：一定要加情態(tài)動詞can) They took a bus because they couldnt afford

7、 to take a taxi.StrongWeak adj. 弱的wik Weak adj. 1. 弱的,虛弱的;衰弱的She is still weak after her long illness. 久病之后她仍很虛弱。 2. 軟弱的,懦弱的;優(yōu)柔寡斷的He is a man of weak character. 他這個人性格軟弱。 3. (能力等)弱的,差的(+at/in)He was weak in mathematics, but good at English. a weak building 一座不牢固的建筑 a weak smile 一個淡淡的微笑 weak sunlight

8、 微弱的陽光New Word - 5 Interrupt ntrpt v. 1.打斷(講話或講話人) Interrupt sb 打斷某人的話 Dont interrupt me. It is rude to interrupt. 打斷別人的話是不禮貌的。 You interrupted my thoughts. 2.中斷;遮斷;阻礙Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市內(nèi)交通被暴風雪所阻斷。Extra ekstradj. 額外的 extra time 加時賽 The football match went into extra

9、 time. extra work 額外工作 extra pay for extra work 額外工作的額外報酬n.號外， 臨時演員 He worked as an extra for three years. Key words and expressions 秘書秘書 感到緊張感到緊張 進入他的辦公室進入他的辦公室 從他的桌子抬頭看從他的桌子抬頭看 進入進入 負擔得起做某事負擔得起做某事 薪水薪水 用微弱的聲音用微弱的聲音 插話，打斷插話，打斷 收到收到secretaryfeel nervousgo into his officelook up from his deskenteraff

10、ord to do sthsalaryin a weak voiceinterruptreceivetext The secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see me. Would在這里不單單指過去將來時，更表示想，要 例：What would you like to have? He did not look up from his desk when I entered. look up表示先埋頭干什么，之后抬頭看。(查字典） 反義詞：look down 向下看 He looked up (from his book) when he h

11、eard a noise. The little boy looked up at his father with wild eyes. Students can look up the new words in the dictionary. look down on/upon sb. 瞧不起某人（詞義非常重） We shouldnt look down upon others. look around look around look outlook out He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salari

12、es. pay salary 支付薪水支付薪水 collect salary 領(lǐng)薪水領(lǐng)薪水 1）such+a/an+形容詞可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)so+形容詞a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；2）so+many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，但：such+其他形容詞（many/few除外）可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；3）so+much/little+不可數(shù)名詞，但：such+其他形容詞（much/little除外）不可數(shù)名詞 so,such區(qū)別區(qū)別: He is so kind (a man)that everyone likes him. He walked so fast that I couldnt catch up with h

13、im. He is such a kind man that everyone likes him. They are such kind people that everyone likes them. Ive never eaten such delicious food.so+adj./adv.+(可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù))such +a/an+(adj.)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)such +(adj.)+不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞such +(adj.)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Practice: 用so, such 填空 1.He is _a good student that we a

14、ll like him. 2.He is _good a student that we all like him. 3.It was _bad weather that he had to stay at home. 4.Ive had _many falls than Im black and blue all over. 5.The story is _ amusing that everyone is amused.suchsuchsososoTwenty people had already left. I knew that my turn had come. 有20個人己經(jīng)離去,

15、我知道這次該輪到我了。 My turn has come.（書面語）Its my turn.（口語）Mr. Harmsworth, I said in a weak voice.Dont interrupt, he said.哈姆斯沃斯先生我無力地說。 不要打斷我的話他說。 in a . voice in a loud/low/weak/strong voice（low:音量低；weak:心里不塌實，微弱的聲音；strong強有力的聲音） Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year! 一千

16、英鎊 a thousand pounds 兩千英鎊 two thousand pounds 額外的一千英鎊 an extra thousand pounds 額外的兩千英鎊 two extra thousand pounds 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞+extra+名詞名詞 “額外的額外的.” Please give me two extra ice-creams. On Sundays, I usually get some extra sleep. Lesson 15 Grammar 直接引語和間接引語 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech1.He said that busi

17、ness was very bad.2.He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.3.He said: “ Dont interrupt.”4. He smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!第3句和其他幾句有什么區(qū)別?直接引語和間接引語直接引語和間接引語Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 直接引述直接引述別人的話，叫“直接引語直接引語”; 用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫“間接

18、引語間接引語”; 直接引語一般前后要加引號; 間接引語不用引號。如: John said, “I like reading very much.”John said that he liked reading very much. 把直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，可用動詞say, tell,后面可跟人名或者代詞，然后以that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。在動詞say后，that可省略。 在轉(zhuǎn)變時，有幾點需要注意：直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)陳述句陳述句Jane said, “Im very happy to help you.”簡說：簡說：“我我很高興能夠幫助你。很高興能夠幫

19、助你?！眛hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Jane said that she was very happy to help you.簡說，她很高興能幫助你。2.1 陳述句Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語不同句式的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)一般疑問句一般疑問句He asked me, “Do you like playing basketball?”他問我：他問我：“你喜歡打籃球嗎你喜歡打籃球嗎？”whether/if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句He asked me if/whether I liked playing basketball.他問我，我是否

20、喜歡打籃球。2.2 疑問句Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語不同句式的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)特殊疑問句特殊疑問句My sister asked me , “What do you think of the film?”他問我：他問我：“你感覺這部電影怎么你感覺這部電影怎么樣樣？”wh-詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句My sister asked me what I thought of the film.他問我，我對這部電影感覺怎么樣。2.3 特殊疑問句Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語不同句式的轉(zhuǎn)變規(guī)則直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前

21、)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)祈使句祈使句He said，“Be seated, please.”他對我們說：他對我們說：“請坐。請坐?！睅?to 的不定式He asked us to be seated.他請我們坐下。2.4 祈使句Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語不同句式的轉(zhuǎn)變規(guī)則 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點1-人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語 1 直接引語中的第一人稱，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱，如： He said，“I am very sorry.” He said that he was very sorry. 2 直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對轉(zhuǎn)述人說的，轉(zhuǎn)換

22、為第一人稱，如： “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點1-人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語3 直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱。如： She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.” She said to her son that she would check

23、 his homework that night.4 人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等。如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon. 總之，人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換不是固定的，具體情況，具體對待，要符合邏輯。直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后

24、變化后)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時“I know it,” he said.一般過去時He said that he knew it. 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)2-時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換1Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時“Im making coffee for you all,” she said.過去進行時She said she was making coffee for us all. 2.6 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)2-時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換2Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語

25、(變化后變化后)一般過去時一般過去時“I saw her last Monday,” he said.過去完成時He said he had seen her the previous Monday. 2.6 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)2-時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換3Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)過去進行時過去進行時“I was waiting for Jim,” she said. 過去完成進行時She said she had been waiting for Jim.2.6 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)2-時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換4Grammer - 2 直接引

26、語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時“I have seen her before,” said he.過去完成時He said he had seen her before.2.6 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)2-時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換5Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)現(xiàn)在完成進行時現(xiàn)在完成進行時He said, “I have been doing it for hours.”過去完成進行時He said he had been doing it for hours. 2.6

27、轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)2-時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換6Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)過去完成時過去完成時“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked.過去完成時Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died.2.6 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)2-時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換7Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間

28、接引語(變化后變化后)一般將來時一般將來時He said: “We shall start tomorrow.”過去將來時He said they would start the next day.2.6 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)2-時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換8Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況下從句的時態(tài)不變:1. 不變的真理不變的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students tha

29、t water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.2.7 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)3-特例說明1Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況下從句的時態(tài)不變:2. 當主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時時，如：當主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時時，如： He always says, “I am tired out.” He always says that he is tired out. 2.7 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)3-特例說明2Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況下從句的時態(tài)不變:3. 當

30、主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候，如：當主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候，如： He will say, “Ill try my best to help you.” He will say that he will try his best to help me. 2.7 轉(zhuǎn)換中的要點總結(jié)3-特例說明3Grammer - 2 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換間接引語1. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you see

31、n the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. He _ me _ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close4.

32、“I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacherExercise - 2 單項選擇 5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his moth

33、er that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was 6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.Exercise - 2 單項選擇 7. He asked, “Are you a Party

34、 member or a League member?” He asked me _. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if I was a Party member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a League member. 8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _. A. how am I getting

35、 along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting alongExercise - 2 單項選擇Exercise-3 填空 1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat. 2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said

36、that _ _ _ it home with her. 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.Exercise-3 填空 5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ met the day _. 6. “You must come here before five.” he

37、said. He said that I _ to go _ before five. 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _. 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _ 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _ Jim that he _ sit there1.Lucy says, “Kate has

38、a cat.”2.Tom said, “My mother is cooking.”3.Mike says, “Our teacher likes fish.”4.Lily said, “We will go to school by car.”5.Sam says, “ I want to see Mr Green.”Lucy says that Kate has a cat.Tom said that his mother was cooking.Mike says that their teacher likes fish.Lily said that they would go to

39、school by car.Sam says that he wants to see Mr Green.1、我知道你是對的。、我知道你是對的。 2、Mary告訴我她已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè)。告訴我她已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè)。 3、我聽說（、我聽說（hear）她明天將會去香港。）她明天將會去香港。 4、我想、我想Jim現(xiàn)在正在聽音樂。現(xiàn)在正在聽音樂。 5、Lisa說說Ken昨天沒有去學校。昨天沒有去學校。 試試 一一 試試I know/knew that you are/were right.Mary told me that she had already done her homework.I hea

40、rd that she would go to Hong Kong tomorrow.I think Jim is listening to the music now.Lisa says that Ken didnt go to school yesterday. 一.句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換 1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.” 2She said: “He will be busy.” 3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5The teacher ask