英國文學(xué)史及選讀--復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)英國文學(xué)史及選讀第一冊復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements （此處可能 會(huì)有填空，選擇等小題）2. Romance （名詞解釋）3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthurs story4. Ballad（名詞解釋）5. Character of Robin Hood6. G

2、eoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet)7. Heroic couplet (名詞解釋)8. Renaissance（名詞解釋）9.Thomas MoreUtopia10. Sonnet（名詞解釋）11. Blank verse（名詞解釋）12. Edmund Spenser

3、 “The Faerie Queene”13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”（推薦閱讀，學(xué)習(xí)寫正式語體的英文文章的好參照，本文用詞正式優(yōu) 雅，多排比句和長句，語言造詣非常高，里面很多話都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一讀）14. William Shakespeare 四大悲劇比較重要，此外就是羅密歐與朱立葉了，這些劇的主題，背景，情節(jié)，人物形 象都要熟悉，當(dāng)然他最重要的是 Hamlet 這是肯定的。他的 sonnet 也很重要，最重要屬 sonnet18。（其戲劇中著名 對白和幾首有名的十四行詩可能會(huì)出選讀）15. John Milton 三

4、大史詩非常重要，特別是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。對于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse 寫成的，故事情節(jié)來自 Old Testament，另外要知道此書 theme 和 Satan 的形象。16. John BunyanThe Pilgrims Progress17. Founder of the Metaphysical schoolJohn Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.18

5、. Enlightenment（名詞解釋）19. Neoclassicism（名詞解釋）20. Richard Steele“The Tatler”21. Joseph Addison“The Spectator”這個(gè)比上面那個(gè)要重要，注意這個(gè)報(bào)紙和我們今天的報(bào)紙不一樣，它虛構(gòu) 了一系列的人物，以這些人物的口氣來寫報(bào)紙上刊登的散文，這一部分要仔細(xì)讀。22. Steels and Addisons styles and their contributions23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of

6、 Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features) and limitations24. Jonathan Swift: “Gullivers Travels”此書非常重要，要知道具體內(nèi)容，就是 Gulliver 游歷過的四個(gè)地方的英文名 稱，和每個(gè)部分具體的諷刺對象; （我們主要講了三個(gè)地方） “A Modest Proposal”比較重要，要注意作者用的 irony 也就是反諷手法。25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement

7、of 18th century English literature.26. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 當(dāng)然是 Robinson Crusoe 比較重要，劇情要清楚， Robinson Crusoe 的形象和故事中蘊(yùn)涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主義的萌芽。另外注意 Defoe 的 style 和 feature，另外 Defoe 是 forerunner of English realistic novel。27. Samuel Richardson“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “

8、Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison”28. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一個(gè)和第三個(gè)比較重要，需要仔細(xì)看。他是 一個(gè)比較重要的作家，另外 Fielding 也被稱為 father of the English novel.29. Laurence Sterne“Tristram Shandy”項(xiàng)狄傳30. Richard Sheridan“The School for Scandal”31. Oliver Goldsmith“The Travelle

9、r”(poem), “The Deserted Village” (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer”(comedy), “The Citizen of the World” (collection of essays)32. Sentimentalism（名詞解釋）33. Thomas Gray“Elegy Written in a Cou

10、ntry Churchyard”（英國詩歌里非常著名的一首，曾經(jīng)被譽(yù)為“有史以 來英國詩歌里最好的一首”）(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets 墓園派詩人)* Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which

11、 range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Grays “Elegy written in a country churchyard”. The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influence

12、d some American poets.34. In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-Romanticism; representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.35. Thomas Percy“Reliques of Ancient English poetry”許多中古的民謠都是在這個(gè)時(shí)期重新收集和整理起來的， 這個(gè)集子是那個(gè)時(shí)代比較有名的一個(gè)民謠集。36. William Blake 比較重要，需要對主要作品有所了解，特別是 Songs of Innocence 和 Songs of Exp

13、erience, 這兩 本集子的 contrast 一定要注意，另外 Blake 的寫作特點(diǎn)也要注意，比如語言的簡單明了，神秘主義氛圍等。 37. Robert Burns 偉大的蘇格蘭民族詩人, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne 等名詩，寫作特點(diǎn): Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his p

14、oems.英國文學(xué)史及選讀第二冊練習(xí)題I. 浪漫主義時(shí)期I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.1. English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with_A_in 1798.A. the publication of Lyrical BalladsB.

15、the death of Sir ScottC. the birth of William WordsworthD. the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament2. The Romantic Period is first of all an age of_B_.A. Novel B. poetry C. drama D. prose3. Romanticism does not emphasize_D_.A. the special qualities of each individuals mindB. the inner

16、world of the human spiritC. individualityD. the features that men have in common4._B_ is not a Romantic poet.A. William Blake B. Sir Scott C. P. B. Shelley D. Lord Byron5. _C_ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains.A. Walter Scott B. Mary ShelleyC. Jane Austen D. Ann Radcli

17、ff6. _C_ is not characteristic of William Blakes writing.A. plain and direct language B. compression of meaningC. supernatural quality D. symbolism7. Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with _B_.A. Byron B. Coleridge C. Shelley D. Keats8. Wordsworth thinks that _D_ is the only subject of li

18、terary interest.A. the life of rising bourgeoisieB. aristocratic lifeC. the life of the royal familyD. common life9. Don Juan is the masterpiece of_A_.A. Lord Byrons B. P. B. Shelleys C. John Keatss D. Samuel Coleridges10. _A_ is not a novel written by Jane Austen.A. Jane Eyre B. Sense and Sensibili

19、ty C. Pride and Prejudice D. EmmaII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.1. In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the_.individual _as the very center of all life and all experience.2. F

20、or the Romantics, _ human life _ is not only the major source of poetic imagery, but also provides the dominant subject matter.3. Wordsworth is regarded as a “worshipper of _ nature _.”4. According to the subjects, Wordsworths short poems can be classified into two groups: poems about nature and poe

21、ms about _ human life _.5. Coleridges achievement as poet can be divided into two remarkably diverse groups: _.the demonic _ and the conversational.6. As a leading Romanticist, Byrons chief contribution is his creation of the “_ Byronic hero _.”7. “_ Ode to the West Wind _” is Shelleys representativ

22、e work.8. _ The odes _ are generally regarded as Keatss most important and mature work.9. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is a famous line in Keatss “_ Ode on a Grecian Urn _.”10. _ Pride and Prejudice _is the most delightful of Jane Austens work.III. Decide whether the following statements are true

23、 or false and write your answers in the brackets.( T )1. The Romantic period is also a great age of prose.( T )2. Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own literary heritage against the advocates of classical rules.( F )3. Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.( F)4. Keats

24、is one of the “Lake Poets.”( F )5. Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.IV. Name the author of each of the following literary work.1. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” Coleridge2. Songs of Innocence Blake3. “Ode to a Nightingale” Keats4. “A Song: Men of England” Shelley5. The Prelude WordsworthV

25、. Define the literary terms listed below1. RomanticismRomanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. There have been many varieties of Romanticism in manydifferent

26、times and places. The leading features of Romantic movements are Wordsworth, Shelley, etc.2. OdeOde is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a person or a season or to com

27、memorate an event.VI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1.Be through my lips to unawakened Earth.The trumpet of a prophecy! O, Wind,If winter comes, can Spring be far behi

28、nd?1. It is taken from Shelleys Ode to the West Wind. In this poem, Shelley eulogizes the powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality. In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.2. For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vaca

29、nt or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.2. It is taken from Wordsworths “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” The poet thinks that it is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind whi

30、le he is in solitude. He expresses his strong affecting for nature in the poem.II.維多利亞時(shí)期I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets1. The Victorian period roughly began at the enthron

31、ement of Queen Victoria in_B_.A. 1835 B. 1836 C. 1837 D. 18382. The critical realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels_D_.A. representing the 18th century realist novel B. criticizing the society C. defending the massE. all the above3. _D_is not a Victoria novelist.A. Charle

32、s DickensB. George Eliot C. William Makepeace ThackerayD. D. H. Lawrence4. _C_ is not a work by Charles Dickens.A. Oliver Twist B. David CopperfieldC. Middlemarch D. A Tale of Two Cities5. Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by_B_.A. Charlotte Bronte B. Emily Bront C. Anne Bronte D. Branwell

33、Bronte6. _A_ is not Thomas Hardys work.A. The Mill on the Floss C. Jude the ObscureD. The Mayor of Casterbridge7. “My Last Duchess” is _A_.A. a dramatic monologue B. a short lyricC. a novel D. an essay8. Tennysons “Ulysses” gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except_B_.A. Homers

34、 Odessey B. Joyces Ulysses C. Dante D. Greek Mythology9. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _D_ appeared. And it flourished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s.A. romanticism B. naturalism C. realism D. critical realism10. The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from_A

35、_.A. The Pilgrims Progress B. Childe Harolds PilgrimageC.Gulliver s TravelsD. The Canterbury TalesII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook1. The aestheticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of “_ art for

36、arts sake _.”2. In the Victorian period, _ the novel _became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.3. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _ critical realist _ writers of the Victorian Age.4. Tennysons poem “_ Break, Break, Break _” is in memory

37、of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.5. Robert Browning is famous for his _ dramatic monologue _.6. George Eliots _ Middlemarch _ is one of the most mature works in English literature.7. Tennysons famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is “_ Ulysses _.”8. _ Oliver Twist _ is Di

38、ckens first child hero.9. Jane Eyre represents those_ middle _-class working women who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights and equality as a human being.10. The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_ Tennyson_. Next to him were Robert Browning and his wife. III. Decide whethe

39、r the following statements are true of false and write your answers in the brackets.( T )1. The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history.( F )2. Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of “art for arts sake.”( F )3. Wuthering Heights is t

40、he masterpiece of Charlotte Brontes.( F ) 4. Brownings “Meeting at Night” and “Parting at Morning” were originally one poem in dramatic monologue.( T )5. Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas Hardys work.IV. Name the author of each of the following literary works.1. The Posthumous Papers

41、 of the Pickwick Club Charles Dickens2. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall Anne Bronte3. In Memoriam Alfred Tennyson4. The Mill on the Floss George Eliot5. The Return of the Native Thomas HardyV. Define the literary terms listed below.1. Dramatic MonologueDramatic Monologue is a kind of narrative poem in w

42、hich one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem. The occasion is usually a crucial one In the speakers personality as well as the incident that is the subjects of the poem. An example of a dramatic monologue is “My Last Duchess” by Robert Browning.2. Critic

43、al RealismCritical Realism is a literary movement in the 19th century. It sticks to the principal of faithful representation of the 18th century realistic novel and carries its duty forward to the criticism of the society and the defense of the mass. The representative figures are Dickens, the Bront

44、es, etcVI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.1. That same evening the gentleman in the white waistcoat most positively and decidedly affirmed, not only that Oliver would b

45、e hung, but that he would be drawn and quartered into the bargain. Mr. Bumble shoot his head with gloomy mystery, and said he wished he might come to good; whereunto Mr. Gamfield replied, that he wished he might come to him-which, although he agreed with the beadle in most matters, would seem to be

46、a wish of a totally opposite description.The next morning, the public were once more informed that Oliver Twist was again To Let, and that five pounds would be paid to anybody who would take possession of him.1. It is taken from Charles Dickenss Oliver Twist. This part describes how Oliver is punish

47、ed for asking for more to eat and how he is therefore sold at three pound ten to a notorious chimney-sweeper. It reveals that the pitiable state of the orphan boy and the cruelty and hypocrisy of the workhouse board.2. Thus, neither having the clue to the others secret, they were respectively puzzle

48、d at what each revealed, and awaited new knowledge of each others character and moods without attempting to pry into each others history.Every day, every hour, brought to him one more little stroke of her nature, and to her one more of his. Tess was trying to lead a repressed life, but she little di

49、vined the strength of her own vitality.2. It is taken from Thomas Hardys Tess of the DUrbervilles. This part describes how Tess forgets about her past misfortune in the beautiful, pastoral dairy farm and unconsciously gives herself up to the attraction of Angel Clare.III. 現(xiàn)代時(shí)期I. Each of the statemen

50、t below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets1. Modernism takes_C_as its theoretical base.A. the irrational philosophy B. the theory of psycho-analysis C. both A and B D. neither A nor B2. Modernism rose out

51、of_D_.A. skepticism B. disillusion of capitalism C. irrational philosophy D. al the above3. Modernism is, in many aspects, a reaction against_B_.A .romanticism B. Realism C. post-modernism D. all the above4. _C_is not a movement in the modern period.A. “the Angry Young Men” B. “the Beat Generation”

52、C. “the Lost Generation” D. “the Theater of the Absurd” 5. _A_ is not a representative figure in applying the technique of “the stream of consciousness” in his/her writing.A. D. H. Lawrence B. James Joyce C. Virginia Woolf D. Dorothy Richardson6. Waiting for Godot is regarded as the most famous and

53、influential play of the Theater of Absurd. It is written by_B_. A. George Bernard Shaw B. Samuel Beckett C. John Galsworthy D. Eugene O Neill7. The Waste Land is_D_s most important single poem.A. Ezra Pound B. William Butler Yeats C. Alfred Tennyson D. T. S. Eliot8. _A_ is not D. H. Lawrences work.A

54、. Finnegans Wake B. Sons and Lovers C. Lady Chatterleys Lover D. The Rain Bow9. _C_ is not James Joyces novel.A. Ulysses B. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man C. Dubliners D. Finnegans Wake10. “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” is written by_D_.A. W. H. Auden B. D. H. Lawrence C. W. B. Yeats

55、 D. T. S. EliotII. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook1. The French_ Symbolism _, appearing in the late 19th century, heralded modernism.1. Modernism rejects_ rationalism _, which is the theoretical base of realism.1. In stimulating the

56、technical innovations of novel creation, the theory of the Freudian and Jungian_ psycho-analysis _played a particularly important role.2. Most of Bernard Shaws plays are concerned with political, economic, moral, or religious problems, and, thus, can be termed as_ problem plays _.3. _ D. H. Lawrence

57、 _is famous for his frank discussion of “sex” in his works.4. John Galsworthys trilogy is named_ The Forsyte Saga _.5. _ T. S. Eliot _, an American Poet, took English Citizenship in 1927, and became a devout member of Anglican Church.6. _ The Waste Land _is Eliots most important poetry, revealing the spiritual decadency and meaninglessness of life of the 20th century.7. Most of Joyces works are concerning the life of his hometown_ Dublin _.8. Joyces “Araby” is a short story in his collection_ Dubliner