初中被動語態(tài)的奧秘

1、初中被動語態(tài)的奧秘初中被動語態(tài)的奧秘中考必考的重點語法 de奧秘.主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)： 英語的動詞有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)英語的動詞有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)(The Active Voice)與被動語態(tài)（與被動語態(tài)（The Passive Voice)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者;被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。 e.g. 1.They make trains in Zhuzhou . Trains are made in Zhuzhou. 2.The farmers grow cotton every year.

2、 Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. 主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)（The Passive Voice) 一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： 主語主語+am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞 動詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則（與動詞過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則一樣）：動詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則（與動詞過去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則一樣）：1、一般在動詞原形末尾加、一般在動詞原形末尾加-ed，looked played2、結(jié)尾是、結(jié)尾是e的動詞加的動詞加-d ， lived used3、末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)

3、詞，先、末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫雙寫 這個輔音字母這個輔音字母，再加，再加-ed， planned tripped4、結(jié)尾是、結(jié)尾是“輔音字母輔音字母+y”的動詞，先變的動詞，先變“y”為為“i” ， 再再 加加-ed ， study-studied， carry-carried不規(guī)則的過去分詞要牢記不規(guī)則的過去分詞要牢記寫出下列動詞的過去式，過去分詞：sing-sang-sungbuild-built-built1、speak （ ） 2、use （ ） 3、make （ ） 4、write （ ） 5、grow ( ) 6、plant （ ） 7、produce （ ）

4、8、ask （ ） 9、plan （ ） 10、send （ ） 11 、 build （ ） 12、invite （ ） 1、speak spoke spoken 2、use used used3、make made made 4、write wrote written5、grow grew grown 6、plant planted planted7、produce produced produced 8、ask asked asked9、plan planned planned 10、send sent sent11 、 build built built 12、invite invit

5、ed invited不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞要牢記請寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分請寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞：詞：sing-sang-sungbuild-built-builte.g many people speak English.Englishis spokenby manypeople. 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的步驟主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的步驟：1 1、主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語；、主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語；2 2、主動句的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)；、主動句的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)；3 3、主動句的主語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞馁e語，由、主動句的主語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞馁e語，由byby引出，當(dāng)不強調(diào)動引出，

6、當(dāng)不強調(diào)動 作的執(zhí)行者時，常省略。作的執(zhí)行者時，常省略。把下列的句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的句子：把下列的句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的句子：1、They speak English in Canada .(English.)2、People use wood for making tables. （wood.）3、They make computers in the USA.（Computers）4、They grow rice in South China.（Rice）English is spoken in Canada.Wood is used for making tables.Computer are

7、made in the USA.Rice is grown in South China.1、結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu) be + 過去分詞過去分詞 (及物的及物的)2、各種時態(tài)的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：、各種時態(tài)的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時：主語一般現(xiàn)在時：主語+am/is/are +過去分詞過去分詞 The Chinese food _ to be the healthiest in the world.A. considers B. is considering C. is considered D. has considered 一般過去時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：一般過去時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞及

8、物動詞的過去分詞e.g 1、The bridge was built last year.2、It was used in the old days.3、The PRC was founded on October1，1949.1、結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu) be + 過去分詞過去分詞一般過去時：一般過去時：was/were +過去分詞過去分詞John _ , for he went swimming yesterday without permission.A. would punished B. had punished C. punished D. was punished were planted T

9、he bridge waswas invitedplay把下列句子變成被動語態(tài)的句子；把下列句子變成被動語態(tài)的句子；1、They planted these trees on weekends . These trees on weekends.2、The workers built the bridge in 1968 built by the workers in 1968.3、People invited Yao Ming to play basketball in The USA. Yao Ming to basketball in the USA.4、IBM produced thi

10、s new type of laptop（手提電腦）（手提電腦） computer. This new type of laptop computer by IBM.was produced一般將來時：主語一般將來時：主語+will + be+過去分詞過去分詞The new school _ when the new term begins.A. finishes B. will finish C. will be finished D. would finish1、結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu) be + being+過去分詞過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：主語現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：主語+am/is/are +being +過過去分

11、詞去分詞 - Have you moved into the new house ?- Not yet .Rooms _.A. are painting B. are painted C.are being painting D. are being painted 含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動詞（情態(tài)動詞（can/may/must/should）+be+及物動詞過去分詞及物動詞過去分詞 e.g 1、This bike can be repaired. 2、The tree must be put straight in the hole. 3、The class

12、room should be cleaned every day.把下列主動句變被動句：把下列主動句變被動句：1、We should plant the trees around the lake 2、We must repair the computer now .3、Students should correct their mistakes .4、We must water the trees well.The trees should be planted around the lake .The computer must be repaired now .Their mistake

13、s should be corrected .The trees must be watered well. 1、一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)、一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)2、一般過去時的被動語態(tài)、一般過去時的被動語態(tài)3、一般將來時的被動語態(tài)、一般將來時的被動語態(tài)4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)5、情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)、情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)的用法：被動語態(tài)的用法：1、當(dāng)不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時；、當(dāng)不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時；2、沒有必要或不想指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時；、沒有必要或不想指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時；3、只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時。、只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時。三、單項選擇題：三、單項選擇題：

14、( )1.Woolen clothes are used _keeping us warm. A.of B.by C.for D.in ( )2.Are these fridges made_? A.in China B. in Chinese C.of China D.from Chinese ( )3.-Where are bananas _? - _ grown in South China.A. grow, Its B.grown, Its C.grown, Theyre D.grew, Theyre( )4.The League _ in May , 1922.A. is found

15、ed B.was founded C. is built D. was built( )5.The strange thing with three legs_.A. used to drink B. are used for drinking C. is used for drinking D. used for drinkingCACBC( )6.TV programmes can_ to the other side of the world.A.send B. be sent C.make D.be made( )7.Older people must_ politely.A. spe

16、ak to B. be spoken C.be spoken to D. say to( )8.The moon always _ around the earth.A. goes B. travels C. turns D. A,B and C.( )9.Many people _English in the world.A. speak B. speaks C. spoke D. are spoken.( )10.We must _ our homework every day. A. be finished B. finish C. are finished D. finishedBCDAB四、把下列句子變成被動句：四、把下列句子變成被動句：1.Chinese people built the Great Wall 2,000 years ago. 2. We must plant more trees next year here. 3.Dalian produces big ships. 4.Farmers harvest rice in autumn . 5.We should clean ou