被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be的時(shí)態(tài)之一和及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成.被動(dòng)資料

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞 be 的時(shí)態(tài)之一和及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，其時(shí)態(tài)變化通過(guò)助動(dòng)詞 be 的不同形式來(lái)體現(xiàn)。如：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：過(guò)去時(shí)進(jìn)行：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)：動(dòng)詞不定式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：was were+過(guò)去分詞will(shall)+be+ 過(guò)去分詞 /begoing to+be+ 過(guò)去分詞is am are+being+過(guò)去分詞was were+ being+ 過(guò)去分詞has have+been+過(guò)去分詞had+been+過(guò)去分詞to be+過(guò)去分詞must+be+過(guò)去分詞can+be+過(guò)去分詞may+be

2、+過(guò)去分詞should+be+過(guò)去分詞might+be+ 過(guò)去分詞could+be+過(guò)去分詞ought to+be+ 過(guò)去分詞III. 含有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中若有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，只將其中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)不變，通常稱為保留賓語(yǔ)。例如：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：We allowed him an hour to get to the airport.我們給他一個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。(句中him 是間接賓語(yǔ)，an hour 是直接賓語(yǔ))被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：He was allowed an hour to get to the airport.允許他一個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。( 句中 a

3、n hour 是保留賓語(yǔ)An hour was allowed him to get to the airport 他可有一個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。(句中 him 是保留賓語(yǔ) )IV. 含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中如有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) (即賓語(yǔ)十賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) )，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)只將原復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)部分不變，但語(yǔ)法上稱為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：We advised her to practice speaking English.我們建議她練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。(句中 her 是賓語(yǔ)， to practice speaking English 是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Sh

4、e was advised to practice speaking English.有人建議她練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。(句中 She 是主語(yǔ) , to practice speaking English 是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。)二. 各種句型見下列圖表陳述句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式情態(tài)動(dòng)詞否定句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般疑問(wèn)句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特殊疑問(wèn)句WhywhatWhereWhatWhoHow long以 teach

5、為例Iam taughtEnglish.You（你）were taughtEnglish last week.Weshall be taughtEnglish next week.You（你們）are being taughtEnglish nowTheywere being taughtEnglish at 10.00 yesterday morning.Hehas been taughtEnglish for three years.Hehad been taughtEnglish for three years before 1998.Shewants to be taughtEngli

6、sh.Itmay be taughtEnglish.Iam not taughtEnglish.Youwere not taughtEnglish last week.Weshall not be taughtEnglish next week.Youare not being taughtEnglish nowTheywere not being taughtEnglish at 10.00 yesterday morning.Hehas not been taughtEnglish for three years.Hehad not been taughtEnglish for three

7、 years before 1998.Shedoesntwant to be taughtEnglish.Itmay not be taughtEnglish.Am ItaughtEnglish?Were youtaughtEnglish last week?Shall webe taughtEnglish next week?Are youbeing taughtEnglish now?Were theybeing taughtEnglish at 10.00 yesterday morning?Has hebeen taughtEnglish for three years?Had heb

8、een taughtEnglish for three years before 1998.Does shewant to be taughtEnglish?May itbe taughtEnglish?am ItaughtEnglish?were youtaughtlast week?shall webe taughtEnglish next week?are youbeing taughtnow?werebeing taughtEnglish at 10.00 yesterday morning?has hebeen taughtEnglish?How longWhyWhenhad hed

9、oes shemay itbeen taught want to be taught be taughtEnglish before 1998?English?English?注：特殊疑問(wèn)詞還有：whom( 作賓語(yǔ)), whose, which,等EXERCISES三 . Grammar Exercises ( 語(yǔ)法練習(xí) )I. Put the verbs in the correct form. （用動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空）l. The students(invite) by us to a party every weekend.2.The animals(kill) by a fire la

10、st year.3.The hotel(rebuild) by those workers now.4.The child(bring) home by the police already.5.This film(show) next week.6.The room(must ,clean) every.7.I propose at least 60 000 shirts are(sell) in the first year.8.Imports may(control) to(protect) a home industry.9.Exports may also(restrict) to

11、conserve a particular raw material.10.Importing and exporting(subject) to a lot of formalities.11.Such samples as textilesand fabrics(enclose) with the letter, while large-sizedones are sent off separately.12.Business can also(conduct) by specifications rather than by samples.II. Begin your question

12、 with the words in brackets. （就劃線部分提問(wèn)）l. The student will be invited by us to a party next week.2. They were killed in a car crash last week.3. The bridge is being repaired by those workers now.4. The old man was brought home by the police yesterday.5. This film has been shown three times.IV. Single

13、 choice（ 單選）1.You may use my bicycle when yours.A. repairedB. is repairingC. is being repairedD. repairs2.Now these magazinesin the library for a long time.A. have keptB. had keptC. have been keptD. were kept3.I saw your brother when heto hospital after the accident.A. being takenB. was being takenC

14、. has been takenD. be taken4.Many new oilfieldsup one after anther in our country.A. will be openedB. has openedC. openD. is being opened5.Much attention mustto the development o science and technology.A. payB. topayC. be paidD. have paid6.I wouldn t object tosome questions.A. be askedB. be askingC.

15、 askD. being asked7.The party s policy.A. has been successfully carried outB. has been successfully carriedC. have been successfully carried outD. has successfully carried8. She was advisedthe medicine.A. takingB. to takeC. takeD. took9. The childrenby the nurse.A. are taken good careB. have been go

16、od care ofC. are taken good care ofD. will take good care10.The meetingin Room 121 tomorrow morning.A. is heldB. was heldC. will holdD. will be held11.He is knownan advanced worker.A. to beB. beC. beingD. is12.The new unbreakable plate can evenover a flame.A. hotB. be hotC. heatD. be heated13.All kinds of vegetablesin the free market.A. can buyB. can be boughtC. is boughtD. will buy14.May I us