一期Nature專刊聚焦傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)學(xué)

1、 Nature Vol.480 No.7378_supp ppS81-S121 這是第一次國際頂級科學(xué)刊物上以專刊的形式報告亞洲傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)（中醫(yī)），繼屠呦呦2011年9月問鼎拉斯科獎后中醫(yī)再次被聚焦。  利用科技探究在中國和日本諸國使用的傳統(tǒng)藥物理念有助于從無依據(jù)的迷信中篩選出有效的療法，還可能讓現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)深入了解基于數(shù)千年的中藥而誕生的整體方法 ?？灿?2篇文章，分別圍繞中醫(yī)的基本理念，中醫(yī)臨床，中醫(yī)現(xiàn)代化，中草藥及環(huán)境保護(hù)等主題展開討論前言 Traditional Asian medicine nature專刊系列副主編Michelle Grayson

2、：對一個根植于歐洲，以報告嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)科學(xué)事實著稱的雜志而言，以專刊的形式向科學(xué)界及讀者介紹東方傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)，這樣一門裹著神秘面紗并被不少人認(rèn)為是偽科學(xué)的臨床實踐，似乎不太合適。雖然已經(jīng)有少數(shù)成功案例存在，如治療瘧疾的青蒿素和治療白血病的三氧化二砷，中醫(yī)學(xué)治療仍缺乏科學(xué)依據(jù)。但是，在中國和日本大力推進(jìn)中醫(yī)現(xiàn)代化的同時，我們注意到，西方的現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)實踐者們開始接納一些中醫(yī)重要理念，尤其是整體觀理念。他們開始認(rèn)同某些疾病的病因是由多方面因素引起的機(jī)體不平衡而造成，而非單一或局部病因，治療應(yīng)從整體入手。Michelle 指出，由于中醫(yī)本身的特殊性，使得隨機(jī)臨床對照試驗極難實施。但隨著現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的越來越強(qiáng)調(diào)個性化治療

3、，生物和遺傳標(biāo)志物的發(fā)展，最終將會發(fā)掘出一套合適的工具來解決這個難題。Michelle在結(jié)語中寫道，青蒿素和三氧化二砷的發(fā)現(xiàn)并不代表傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)和現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的理想結(jié)合。如果能找到巧妙合理的研究方法，傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)中的獨特理論也將會大放異彩（而不僅僅是傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)中的藥物）。同時，科學(xué)界也要盡最大努力將傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)中的精華與其偽科學(xué)糟粕分離。第一篇：傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)源地中國TCM: Made in China Traditional medicine a system of ancient medical practice that differs in substance, methodology and phi

4、losophy to modern medicine plays an important role in health maintenance for the peoples of Asia, and is becoming more frequently used in countries in the West.   第二篇：當(dāng)西醫(yī)遇到中醫(yī)，會碰撞出什么樣的火花？Convergence: Where West meets East For around 200 years, two very different systems of medicine hav

5、e been used in Asia to cure diseases and keep people healthy. The local Asian one is based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal mixtures developed though observation and experience accumulated over thousands of years, but with unknown mechanisms of action. On the other hand, modern medicine,

6、 imported from the West, consists of chemically purified compounds that have been discovered through scientific investigation and tested in controlled clinical trials. They differ in the composition of their medicines, the process of diagnosis, methods of proving a treatment's effectiveness, and

7、 even in their concept of 'health' .Are these differences irreconcilable? Or, if TCM is modernized to the point where it can make scientifically valid claims, might it offer new perspectives that can benefit modern medicine including clues on how to tackle the least tractable diseases and co

8、nditions? And likewise, can new perspectives being advanced in the West, such as systems biology, help lay a scientific foundation for TCM? 第三篇：Perspective: All systems go Systems science can provide guidance in capturing the complementary approaches to healthcare, says Jan van der Greef.Variou

9、s cultures have developed their own philosophies of science and, consequently, practices in medicine. The twentieth century has seemed to vindicate the Western approach, bringing huge advances in our understanding of physiology and biochemistry. This knowledge has fuelled the development of medicine

10、s and vaccines against countless diseases that had once wreaked havoc on humanity. A flock of starlings relies on connectivity, dynamics and communication; these elements are embedded in TCM.第四篇：Microbiome: That healthy gut feeling  許多傳統(tǒng)草藥成分不能被人體腸道吸收。Could our microbial inhabitants do for

11、us what we can't do ourselves?  第五篇：Modernization: One step at a time  GRACIA LAM  Youyou Tu is bringing TCM into the modern clinic   藥草養(yǎng)植標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在2002年被引入中國，幫助規(guī)范草藥原材料第六篇:專利保護(hù)中國的傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)Patents: Protecting China's national treasure Protection offered by the current s

12、ystem is weak at best.當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)提供的保護(hù)充其量是非常薄弱的第七篇：Modern TCM: Enter the clinic Nature China的編輯報告了他第一次訪問中國傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)的經(jīng)歷，了解古老的中醫(yī)在二十一世紀(jì)是如何實踐的，看看是否可以做一些事情，以減輕他的背部疼痛。 I had never tried acupuncture before, so my TCM doctor, Xiuhua Chen, gave me a trial run by inserting a needle behind my ear.第八篇：Japan: Will the

13、 sun set on Kampo? 日本傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)的實踐，包括許多現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，但也面臨著眾多的挑戰(zhàn) - 其中包括來自中國的政治壓力。第九篇:Perspective: Herbal dangers Traditional plant-based remedies are not risk-free. Doctors and patients need to be informed about the possible side effects, says Masatomo Sakurai.第十篇：Regulations: Herbal medicine rule book Can Western guidelines govern Eastern herbal traditions?第十一篇：Perspective: The clinical trial barriers Western medicine depends on science to create and assess drugs at the molecular level. In Asia, there is a commonly held belie