牛津上海版高二上英語(yǔ) 第8講---定語(yǔ)從句---教案

1、.授課日期時(shí) 間主 題定語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)目的1.復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語(yǔ)從句三要素，梳理和復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的根本知識(shí)及解題技巧。2.弄清限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別和根本解題技巧。3.定語(yǔ)從句中常犯錯(cuò)誤總結(jié)。教學(xué)內(nèi)容1、 上次課后穩(wěn)固作業(yè)復(fù)習(xí)；2、 互動(dòng)探究教學(xué)建議： 1. 詢問(wèn)一下學(xué)生是否熟悉“She這首歌，以及這首歌的演唱者；作品：?哈姆雷特?處于莎士比亞之作，寫的是丹麥王子哈姆雷特為父報(bào)仇的故事。王子為麻木奸王，不得不假裝瘋癲，暗中尋找時(shí)機(jī)，此舉，引起奸王疑心。奸王安排王子的情人奧菲麗婭繼續(xù)窺探，波瀾再起。在此幕中，哈姆雷特的獨(dú)白，顯示了主人公非同一般的內(nèi)心痛苦，即到底是"生存還是消滅

2、"的精神搏斗，它一直被 公認(rèn)為是"莎文"中最精彩的篇章。背景簡(jiǎn)介：Groove Coverage，中文譯為舞動(dòng)精靈王族，是德國(guó)新晉樂(lè)隊(duì)，以其混合多種元素的舞曲風(fēng)格迅速走紅，著名全歐。自2019年一首在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上頗為受歡送的英文舞曲God Is A Girl紅遍全國(guó)各地。該舞曲幕后團(tuán)體、來(lái)自德國(guó)的二人電子舞曲組合成為了繼黑眼豆豆后，又一支在華擁有宏大影響力的舞曲組合。2. 歌詞如下：朗讀假如能演唱出來(lái)是最好的并簡(jiǎn)單解釋，讓學(xué)生格外留意粗斜標(biāo)紅處； 3. 通過(guò)這些內(nèi)容旨在借助流行音樂(lè)激發(fā)學(xué)生興趣來(lái)導(dǎo)出本節(jié)課要學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句。 ChorusShe is the one

3、that you never forget She is the heaven-sent angel you met Oh, she must be the reason why God made a girl She is so pretty all over the world She puts the rhythm, the beat in the drum She comes in the morning and the evening she's gone Every little hour every second you live Trust in eternity th

4、at's what she gives 定語(yǔ)從句【知識(shí)梳理1】定語(yǔ)從句的概念 修飾某一名詞或者代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句Attributive Clause The man who lives next to ussells vegetable. You must do everything that I can do.【知識(shí)梳理2】定語(yǔ)從句的分類1. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句: 與先行詞關(guān)系親密, 假如沒(méi)有定語(yǔ)從句, 主句不完好, 且與先行詞之間無(wú)逗號(hào)。 eg: He asked me a question which was about my study at school.他問(wèn)了一個(gè)有關(guān)我在學(xué)校

5、學(xué)習(xí)的問(wèn)題。假如后面的定語(yǔ)從句去掉，句子意思顯然不完好。2. 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句: 對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用, 假如刪除, 主句意義仍然完好, 與先行詞之間有逗號(hào)。 eg: On the desk there are twenty books, three of which are mine. My aunt Alice ,whom I havent seen for years, is coming next month. 注意：顯然，去掉下劃線部分定語(yǔ)從句，意思仍然沒(méi)有多大影響。 that不能用于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?！局R(shí)梳理3】定語(yǔ)從句要點(diǎn) ：跟定語(yǔ)從句相關(guān)的最關(guān)鍵的最兩個(gè)詞： 先行詞：被定語(yǔ)

6、從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。 關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系代詞：who/whom 指代人, which指代物，that指代人/物，as, whose.關(guān)系詞的分類:關(guān)系副詞：when 指代時(shí)間，where 指代地點(diǎn)，why 指代原因 1. 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的功能: 2. 代替先行詞 3. 在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)句法成分【知識(shí)梳理4】指人的關(guān)系代詞: who / whom / that 先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ) ：A doctor is a person who / that looks after peoples health.先行詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ) ：Mr White invited many

7、 friends to his party who / whom / that he respected much.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞：Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend.【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】1.The six blind men asked for money from peopleby.A. passedB. who passedC. who were passedD. who passing2.Mr. Brown is the very personcan help us to solve the problem.A. whichB.

8、whomC. thatD. of whom3.Ms Chancery is the teacher.A. I like her best B. I like bestC. that I like her bestD. whom like best4.The years and monthswe spent together are really wonderful to us all.A. whenB. on whichC. in whichD. that5.The womanwas John's wife.A. I spoke to herB. whom I spoke to her

9、C. that I spokeD. I spoke to6. Chapinmoney is now no problem, will start a new film company with his friends.A. whoseB. whichC. for whomD. whoKeys: 1-5B C B D D C【知識(shí)梳理5】指物的關(guān)系代詞: which / that先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)：The river which / that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure.先行詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)：The book which /

10、 that you just laid on the shelf is mine.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞： Here is the money with which I will buy a piano. 注意：1. 用that而不用 which的情況：先行詞為不定代詞all, anything, nothing, a few, much， a little等；先行詞有最高級(jí)修飾，有序數(shù)詞修飾；先行詞有the only, the very, 等詞修飾；先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)；假設(shè)前面有疑問(wèn)詞which,為了防止重復(fù)，關(guān)系代詞用that。 2. 用which而不用 that的情況：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,

11、只用which指物； 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)代表整個(gè)主句的意思； 介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞，只用which指物; 先行詞本身是that,關(guān)系代詞用which.【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】1. I hope that the little _ I have been able to do does good to them all.2. Wow! Look at the man and his horse are running down the road.3. There is nothing can prevent him from doing it.4. The first place _ they visit

12、ed in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.5. This is the best film _ I have ever seen.6. Mr. Smith is the only foreigner _ he knows.7. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.8. October 15th is my birthday, _ I will never forget.Keys: 1. that 2. tha

13、t 3. that 4. that 5. that 6.that 7. which 8. which. 【知識(shí)梳理6】表示所有格：whose既表示人的所有也表示物的所有表示人的所有： The girl whose father is a model worker is our monitor.表示物的所有： Id like a room whose window looks out over the sea.the + 名詞+of + whom which 的構(gòu)造= whose + 名詞，下面三句意思一樣，例如： 1. The river whose banks are covered wit

14、h trees flows to the sea.2. The river of which the banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. 3. The river the banks of which are covered with trees flows to the sea.1） There are twenty students, whose backgrounds are different.2） There are twenty students, the backgrounds of whom are different.

15、3） There are twenty students, of whom the backgrounds are different.【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】1. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 2In the police station I saw the man fromroom the thief had stolen the TV set.A. whomB. whichC. thatD. whose3.It was a meetingimportance I didn

16、9;t realize at that time.A. whichB. of whichC. thatD. whose4.The classroomface south is ours.A. whose window B. whose windows C. which windowD. that window5.This book is specially written for the studentsnative language is not English.A. who'sB. thatC. theirD. whoseKeys:Whose, DDBD【知識(shí)梳理7】as作關(guān)系代詞

17、的用法as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句常出現(xiàn)于the sameas,suchas,asas和soas構(gòu)造中。當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞被the same，such，as 或so修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可選as，且不能省略。Lets meet at the same place as we did yesterday.注意： the sameas vs the samethat 指代相似的人或物 指同一人或物 This is the same watch as I lost. Where did you buy it?This is the same watch that I lost. Please return it t

18、o me. suchas vs suchthatIt is such a difficult problem as no one can work out. It is such a difficult problem that no one can work it out.區(qū)別: as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代的先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)成分，翻譯成“像那樣. that引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，只起連接作用，翻譯成“如此以致于. as 和 which 都可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代主句整句話的內(nèi)容，區(qū)別： which 不能置于句首，翻譯成“這，這件事as 可以放在句首，翻譯成“正如 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞經(jīng)常為know, see,

19、 suggest, turn out As is known to all, the earth goes around the sun.As was expected beforehand, the concert was very successful.Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very high.【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】1.I have bought the same dressshe is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what2.I'd like to buy the same bookwas read by Tom

20、 yesterday.A. whichB. asC. thatD. B or C3.That is the same manasked me for money yesterday.A. asB. whichC. thatD. A or C4.She is the same girlI sat next to in class last week.A. asB. whoC. thatD. A or C5.Keep away from such thingswill do you harm.A. asB. thatC. to whichD. which6. It wasn't such

21、a good dinnershe had promised us.A. thatB. asC. whichD. what7.He spoke for such a long timepeople began to fall asleep.A. thatB. asC. whichD. what8.He is not such a foolhe looks.A. thatB. asC. whoD. whom9.It is such a difficult problemnobody can work out.A. thatB. asC. so thatD. which10. Are these t

22、he same peoplewe saw last week?A. asB. whomC. whoD. whatKeys: 1-5 ADDDA 6-10 BABBA【知識(shí)梳理8】關(guān)系副詞where, when, why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 Do you remember the teahouse where we used to play chess? where=at which There was a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema. when=during which The days are gone when he was an ign

23、orant boy. when=in which They didnt explain the reason why they had canceled the rehearsal. why=for which 定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞可以換成介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞注意：有些先行詞后面既可以用關(guān)系代詞，也可以用關(guān)系副詞。判斷的重點(diǎn)在于分析先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分。 以the city 為例1 This is the city that/which I visited last year. 分析：主句：This is the city. 從句：I visited the city last ye

24、ar. visit：vt.，the city充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑嘿e語(yǔ)2 This is the city where I lived last year.分析：主句：This is the city. 從句：I lived in the city last year. live：vi.，the city 充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑籂钫Z(yǔ)，表地點(diǎn)。 總結(jié)：關(guān)系副詞 = 介詞/介詞短語(yǔ) + 關(guān)系代詞【例題精講】用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞填空1 The house _ lies in the back of our classroom is the teachers office.2 The house_ door fac

25、es north is our teachers office.3 I always remember the days _are my familys birthday.4 I always remember the days _I lived with my grandparents.5 Xiamen _ lies in the south east of China is a beautiful city.6 Xiamen _we live in is a beautiful city.7 Xiamen _ many foreigners come to visit is a beaut

26、iful city.8 This is the reason_ caused me late for school today.9 I quite agree with the reason_ you told me.10 I dont believe the reason _ you were late this morning.Keys:1) which/that 2 whose 3 which/that 4 when 5 which/that 6 which/that/x 7 which/that/ 8 which/that【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】選擇1.I shall never forget t

27、hose yearsI lived in the country with the farmers.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where2.Do you still remember the dayswe spent together in Australia?A. whenB. during whichC. whichD. on which3.This is the last timewe have come to take the examination this year.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. on which4.The years a

28、nd monthswe spent together are really wonderful to us all.A. whenB. on whichC. in whichD. that5.We often think of the dayswe spent together on the island.A. whenB. whichC. in whichD. during which6.If a shop has chairswomen can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC.

29、whenD. where7.He's got himself into a dangerous situationhe is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why8. I can think of many casesstudents obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay.A. whyB. whichC. asD. where9.After liv

30、ing in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small townhe grew up as a child.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. when10. Fie has left for Beijing,a meeting is to be held.A. whenB. whereC. asD. which 11.The reasonI write to you is to tell you about my new friend Henry.A. becauseB. whyC. forD. as12.Have you

31、ever asked him the reasonmay explain his absence?A. whyB. whenC. thatD. what13.I don't know the reasonshe was late.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. why14.The gardener was called to tell the waythe poor dog had died.A. thatB. whichC. A or DD. in which15.In English, words are not always spelledthey sound.

32、A. just sameB. the same asC. the wayD. by the meansKeys: 1-5 BCADB 6-10 DADBB 11-15 BCD AC【知識(shí)梳理9】定語(yǔ)從句其他情況：1. 定語(yǔ)從句一般是修飾名詞或代詞，which, as 可以修飾整個(gè)句子或句子的一部分。 They have invited me to dinner, which is very kind of them. He disliked the girl, as was expected .2. 偶爾也用but引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，這種情況已經(jīng)比較少見了。There is not one of u

33、s but wishes = who does not wish to improve our English.我們沒(méi)有一個(gè)人不想進(jìn)步英語(yǔ)程度。3. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞決定。The students who are in Grade 3 are going to climb the hill. 4. 分隔定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)不直接緊靠著先行詞，中間有其他的成分隔開如定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)。 There is an expression in his eyes that I cant understand. 他的眼中有一種我不能理解的神情。This is the a

34、rticle written by him that Is poke to you about.He was the only person in this country who was invited.5. 定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)的簡(jiǎn)化。假如主句動(dòng)詞是將來(lái)時(shí)，從句動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在同一時(shí)間，從句要用一般如今時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。但是假如從句動(dòng)作是指不同于主句動(dòng)作的將來(lái)時(shí)間，那么兩部分都要用將來(lái)時(shí)。 There will be a special price for anybody who orders a suit in the next two weeks. 任

35、何人在下兩周內(nèi)定做衣服都將享受優(yōu)待價(jià)格。 Those who will go to tomorrows show will have to come this afternoon to get their tickets. 明天去看演出的人今天下午來(lái)取票。6. 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞可以用“介詞+ which 來(lái)代替。 This is the room in which = where Lu Xun once lived. 7 以the way為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句通常由in which, that引導(dǎo)，也可以省略。 The way in which/ that/ / he answered th

36、e question was surprising.8詳細(xì)的地點(diǎn)名詞后可以接where從句，但其他如case, point, situation, condition, job等表示“情況，方面的名詞也同樣加where從句，這種用法源于“in this case, at this point, in this situation, under the condition等短語(yǔ)，例：There are many cases where this rule does not hold good. 在很多情況下，這條規(guī)那么都不適用。He had to face the conditions wher

37、e pressure was heavy.I will show you the point where you fail.This is a job where you can learn something.He left his hometown in 2019 since when he has never come back.9. 定語(yǔ)從句需要保持主句的完好性  在定語(yǔ)從句中，不管出現(xiàn)任何情況，主句的構(gòu)造必須完好，即主句必須有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)，缺一不可，否那么，整個(gè)主從復(fù)合句就無(wú)法成立。eg：Is this the book you bought yesterday? Is th

38、is book the one you bought yesterday?注意：這點(diǎn)可以利用句子成分進(jìn)展講解，因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)不是一句話的根本成分，那么定語(yǔ)從句也就不是根本成分，所以主句肯定是完好的，同樣原理，狀語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的主句也是完好的。 【穩(wěn)固練習(xí)】1. Todays college is appropriate as a setting for a society,_ its members must acquire and manage knowledge from a wide variety of sources2. The scientists have made an exha

39、ustive study of the virus with _ many people have been infected.3. The Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded annually to an author from any country _ has produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction.        

40、60;               4. Donald survived when the car _ he was in crashed into a truck from the opposite side. 5. A Chinese basketball team employed the former NBA superstar Tracy Macready this year, _ encouraged the whole team a

41、nd the fans.6. Life is a hospital _ every patient is possessed by the desire to change his bed. 7. My grandfather, _ is often the case with old people, is fond of talking about good old days. 8. Mo Yan, many of         works were based on his experience in his

42、 birth place, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature 2019.                   9. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good s

43、entence.10. A lot of lovers chose to get married on Dec. 12, 2019, on _ the date, the month and the year match.Keys:1-5 where which who that which 6-10where as whose where which 教學(xué)建議：1) 在15分鐘內(nèi)學(xué)員獨(dú)立完成測(cè)試；2) 老師給出答案，學(xué)員互相修改；3) 在5分鐘內(nèi)就錯(cuò)題學(xué)員間互相合作，討論錯(cuò)題，保證每一位學(xué)員都懂；4) 老師隨機(jī)抽查，根據(jù)學(xué)生的整體表現(xiàn)給出此部分的班級(jí)得分評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參考課堂鼓勵(lì)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)I. 選擇

44、1.We should learn from those are always ready to help others.A. whoB. whomC. theyD. that2.Tom is the only one of the students who to Shanghai.A. have goneB. have beenC. has beenD. had gone3.I,your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who isB. who amC. that isD. which am4.The old man has

45、two sons, are lawyers.A. both of themB. both of whoC. both of whomD. both of they5.The manhas gone to Japan.A. whom I told youB. that I told youC. whom I told you about himD. I told you about6.Please pass me the dictionary cover is black.A. whichB. itsC. whoseD. which of7.The radio setlast week has

46、been out of order.A. I boughtB. I bought itC. which I bought itD. what I bought8.This is the biggest labwe have ever built in our university.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where9.Air,we breathe every day, is around us all the time.A. thatB. /C. whichD. it10.This is the museumwe saw an exhibition the other

47、 day.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. in that11.This museum isyou visited the other day.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. the one12.This is the museumyou saw the other day.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that13.It is the third timelate this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrivedC. that you've arrivedD. w

48、hen you've arrived14.Have you ever been to Shanghai, I left ten years ago?A. whereB. whichC. that D. when15.This is the very place I'm wishing to live in.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. in which16.I have bought the same dress she is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. than17.Can you solve such problems

49、 raised by the audience?A. what wereB. as wereC. that wereD. which were18.The reason he didn't come was he was injured.A. that, because B. why, thatC. why, becauseD. that, that19.His father died last year, made it impossible for him to go abroad.A. whenB. whichC. asD. that20.Allis needed is a su

50、pply of oil.A. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which21.He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows, most of had not been cleaned for years.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which22.This is one of the meansthe electric energy is conducted from one place to another.A. by whichB. by thatC. through whichD. thr

51、ough that23.The placeyou are going to visit is the ruin of a place.A. in whichB. at whichC. whereD. which24.The last riverthey crossed is two miles wide.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. in which25.The Summer Palace is one of the most beautiful parks built in the Qing Dynasty.A. where wereB. where wasC. tha

52、t wereD. which was26.The factoryI am going to is the placemy mother used to work many years ago.A. where, where B. where, whichC. which, whereD. that, which27.Don't trust such men overpraise you to your face.A. asB. thatC. whoD. which28.The professor has two sons, are teaching in the same univer

53、sity.A. neither of them B. either of themC. both of themD. both of whom29.Don't do such things you are not sure about.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what30.Rober is good at languages, we all know.A. becauseB. forC. asD. since II. 填空1.  Microblog is a platform _ people can express their thought

54、s, show their daily life and communicate with each other by sending post.               2. I kept getting mysterious phone calls _ the caller would hang up as soon as I answered.3.In Canada, cross country skiing is a popular sport among people _ they can enjoy excitement and adventure.4.Funny animals is a term used in comi