人教版八下unit7知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及單元測(cè)試卷

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及單元測(cè)試卷（附答案）【教材內(nèi)容解析】Section A1. about 9,600,000 square kilometres in size (P. 49)square用作形容詞，表示“平方的”，用于數(shù)字后面表示面積。Our new house is 95 square metres in size.2. 1,025 meters deep. (P. 49)英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的長(zhǎng)寬高的表達(dá)方式為：基數(shù)詞+單位詞+形容詞(long, wide, hig

2、h, deep)。The rope is two meters long.3. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. (P. 49)any other意為“其他任何一個(gè)”，后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，常用于比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示最高級(jí)含義，可與“the other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”或者the others互換。Peter runs faster than any other student/the other students/the others in his class.4. China has the biggest pop

3、ulation in the world. (P. 50)population表示“人口”，是集合名詞，對(duì)人口數(shù)量提問(wèn)時(shí)，用what而不用how many/much，population若作主語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Whats the population in China now?The population of this small town is three thousand.More than one fifth of the population of the country are over 60 years old.5. The main

4、 reason was to protect their part of the country. (P. 50)protect表示“保護(hù)”時(shí)，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：protect.from.“保護(hù)免受”。Humans should do something to protect the environment.The sunglasses will protect you from sunshine.6. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this. (P. 50)as far as I know意為“就我

5、所知、我認(rèn)為”，相當(dāng)于as far as I am concerned。As far as I know, hell be away from three months.7. One of the worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. (P. 51)“one of+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”指在某一個(gè)范圍內(nèi)“最之一”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Mary is one of the best st

6、udents in our class.8. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. (P. 51)include表示“包含、包括”，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)整體里面包含一些部分，including常用作介詞，表示“包括”。The book includes eight units.He has many friends, including Tom.9. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. (P

7、. 51)take in意為“吸收”。Do you know how plants take in water?10. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. (P. 51)succeed表示“成功”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：succeed to do sth.或者succeed in doing sth.“成功做成某事”。The climbers succeeded to get to the top of the mounta

8、in in the end.=The climbers succeeded in getting to the top of the mountain in the end.11. One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. (P. 51)(1) challenge意為“挑戰(zhàn)、考驗(yàn)”，challenge sb. to (do) sth.表示“向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事”。He challenged me to play chess.(2) in the f

9、ace意為“面對(duì)（問(wèn)題或者困難）”They showed courage in the face of danger.12. The spirit these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. (P. 51) achieve用作動(dòng)詞，表示“達(dá)到、完成、成功”。I believe you will achieve your dream in the end.13. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even tho

10、ugh it is dangerous. (P. 51) even though意為“即使、雖然”，相當(dāng)于even if，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Even though Frank left school at 16, he still became a successful writer.Section B1. weighs 5,0000 kilos (P. 53) weigh此處作動(dòng)詞，表示“有重”，名詞是weight。The baby weighed about 5 kilometres.What is his weight?2. This elephant weighs many times

11、 more than this panda. (P. 53) “倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than”表示“比大/多多少倍”。The room looks three times bigger than that one.3. At birth, a baby panda is about.(P. 53) at birth表示“出生時(shí)”。The baby weighed three kilometres at birth.4. A panda can live up to.(P. 53) up to表示“達(dá)到（某種數(shù)量或者程度）”The theatre can hold up to 500 people.【

12、拓展】be up to sb.“由某人決定”You can leave today or tomorrow. It is up to you.5. Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas breakfast. (P. 54) prepare for sth.“為做準(zhǔn)備”They are preparing for the party tonight. prepare.for.“為準(zhǔn)備”We should prepare some sweets for Childrens Day. be prepared for“為作準(zhǔn)別”The

13、 players are well prepared for the match.6. At 9:00 a.m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. (P. 54) awake用作形容詞，表示“醒著的”，反義詞是asleep。Is the baby asleep or awake?7. Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries. (P. 54)or so意為“大約”，放在數(shù)量詞后面，表

14、示大約的概念。There are 30 workers or so in the factory. 【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)和句型歸納】重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. as big as 與一樣大2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的國(guó)家之一3. feel free to do sth. 隨意地做某事4. as far as I know 據(jù)我所知5. man-made objects 人造物體6. part of 的組成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脈8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. of

15、all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中11. run along 跨越12. freezing weather 冰凍的天氣13. take in air 呼吸空氣14. take in 吸入；吞入（體內(nèi)）15. in the face of difficulties 面對(duì)困難16. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事17. achieve one s dream 實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到達(dá)頂峰20. even though 雖然；盡管21. at birth 出生時(shí)22. b

16、e awake 醒著23. run over with excitement 興奮地跑過(guò)去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. the first person to do sth. 第一個(gè)做某事的人27. every two years 每?jī)赡?8. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 瀕危動(dòng)物30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊貓?jiān)絹?lái)越少31. be in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中32. the importance of saving these animal

17、s 拯救這些動(dòng)物的重要性重點(diǎn)句型1. any other+名詞單數(shù) 其他任何一個(gè).2. feel free to ask sb sth on . 就.隨意問(wèn)某人某事3. one of the +形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 最.的.之一4. whats the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞 in the world?世界上最.的.是什么？5. protect.from/against.保護(hù).使不受；防御6. succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事7. teach sb about sth 教某人有關(guān).內(nèi)容8. send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事9. There be sb/

18、sth doing.有某人/物正在做某事【語(yǔ)法講解】（1） 基數(shù)詞I. 基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成?；鶖?shù)詞1-12是獨(dú)立的單詞。one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve基數(shù)詞13-19是在個(gè)位數(shù)后面加-teen構(gòu)成，其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen是不規(guī)則變化。thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen整十的基數(shù)詞20-90是在個(gè)位數(shù)詞后面加-ty構(gòu)成，其中twenty, thirty,

19、 forty, fifty, eighty是不規(guī)則變化。twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety非整十基數(shù)詞21-99是在十位數(shù)后面加上個(gè)位數(shù)構(gòu)成，中間加上連字符“-”。twenty-one, seventy-six, eighty-eight三位數(shù)以上的基數(shù)詞，百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間用and連接。two hundred and one, three thousand five hundred and fourteen英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有“萬(wàn)”和“億”這兩個(gè)單位，在表示“萬(wàn)”和“億”時(shí)，把“萬(wàn)”念成10個(gè)千，“十萬(wàn)”念成100個(gè)

20、千，“億”念成100個(gè)百萬(wàn)以此類推。10,000：ten thousand100,000: a hundred thousand100,000,000: a hundred million35, 845: thirty-five thousand, eight hundred and forty-fiveII. hundred, thousand, million 和billion的用法。hundred, thousand, million和billion等表示確切數(shù)字時(shí)，只用其單數(shù)形式；但是在表示不確切數(shù)字時(shí)，要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，并且與of連用，表示約數(shù)。e.g:1. There are mor

21、e than three hundred days in a year. 一年有三百多天。 2. Thousands of visitors travel to the Great Wall every year. 每年有成千上萬(wàn)的游客游玩長(zhǎng)城。III. 基數(shù)詞表示編號(hào)例如：Lesson Five (the fifth lesson) 第五課 Room 306 306房間 Page Twelve (the twelfth page) 第十二頁(yè) Class One, Grade Six 六年級(jí)一班（2） 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 形容詞比較級(jí)的變化規(guī)則。I. 規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單

22、音節(jié)詞+er/estshortshortershortestcoldcoldercoldest以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的詞+r/stwidewiderwidestlargelargerlargest單個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫(xiě)末尾輔音字母+er/estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i+er/estheavyheavierheaviestbusybusierbusiest多音節(jié)詞在前面+more/mostimportantmore importantmost importantbeautifulmore beautifulmost b

23、eautifulII. 不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest 形容詞比較級(jí)用法。I. 比較級(jí)用于兩者進(jìn)行比較，結(jié)構(gòu)為“A is 比較級(jí) than B”。e.g: 1. My bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行車(chē)比她的漂亮。 2. He works harder than before. 他工作比以

24、前努力。II. 表示兩者之間選擇，用“which/who is 比較級(jí)，A or B？”表示“兩者之間較之一”時(shí)，用“the + 比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g: 1. Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 哪個(gè)離太陽(yáng)更近，月球還是地球？ 2. He is the thinner of the two. 他是兩人中較瘦的那個(gè)。III.“越來(lái)越”用“比較級(jí)and 比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞用“more and more 原級(jí)”。e.g: 1. The weather is becoming colder and colder. 天氣變

25、得越來(lái)越冷了。 2. She is becoming more and more beautiful. 她變得越來(lái)越美了。IV. 表示“越越”時(shí)，用“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g: The more careful you are, the more points you will get. 你越細(xì)心，得分越多。 形容詞最高級(jí)用法。I. 表示三者及以上人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)用最高級(jí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“the + 最高級(jí)+in/of + 范圍”。e.g: 1. The picture is the best of all. 這幅畫(huà)是所有畫(huà)中最好的。 2. She is the most beau

26、tiful girl in the class. 她是班上最美的女孩。II. 表示在三者及以上之間選擇，用“which/who is the+最高級(jí)，A, B or C？”。e.g: Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 湯姆、凱特、比爾，誰(shuí)最高？III. 表示“最之一”用“one of the最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。e.g: She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 她是我們學(xué)校最受歡迎的老師之一。IV. 形容詞最高級(jí)前面加序數(shù)詞，表示“第幾”。e.g: She is the seco

27、nd tallest girl in our class. 她是我班上第二高的女孩。V. 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)之間的互換。例如：He is taller than any other boy in our class.= He is taller than the other boys in our class.= He is the tallest boy in our class.注意比較以下兩個(gè)句子：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.（范圍之內(nèi)）= Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.

28、（范圍之外）【單元測(cè)試卷】單項(xiàng)選擇（每小題1分， 共15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇可以填入空白處的最佳答案。( ) 21. The apartment my parents live in is about 360 square feet _ size.A. for B. on C. in D. at( ) 22. During his second day Edward looked _ more tired than on his first day.A. even B. quite C. only D. pretty( ) 23. I can still remember thi

29、s thing, _ it was so long ago.A. as long as B. even though C. as soon asD. so that( ) 24. My father doesnt want to continue working in the factory because of poor working _.A. experiencesB. opinions C. conditionsD. relations( ) 25. Look! _ black clouds are covering the sky. Its going to rain. A. Thi

30、ck B. Thin C. Dark D. Bright( ) 26.Linda, you look thinner. How much do you _ now?About 50 kilos.A. developB. rise C. drop D. weigh( ) 27. After the haze (霧霾) weather, the pressure to _ the environment is strong and growing.A. control B. create C. protect D. provide( ) 28. She was trying to pass her

31、 driving test and she finally _.A. succeeded B. fell C. understood D. hurt( ) 29. The bookcase _ when we tried to move it. Luckily, it wasnt broken.A. lay down B. fell over C. ran out D. took off( ) 30. She used to lie _ at night worrying about how to pay for the house. A. weakB. awake C. asleepD. s

32、trong ( ) 31. The mountain is so high that its difficult for us to _ air on the top of it.A. take up B. take down C. take in D. take away( ) 32. Helen is the second _ girl in the talent show. I enjoy watching her dancing.A. popularB. more popularC. most popularD. the most popular ( ) 33. Lake Qingha

33、i is larger than _ salt lake in China with an area of 4,583 km2.A. another B. any other C. the other D. others( ) 34. Tina gave up _ the violin last year because she became interested in the piano.A. playing B. play C. to play D. played( ) 35. He remembered our names from ten years ago._.A. Oh, that

34、s right B. Wow, thats amazingC. Well, its OKD. Hmm, its strange完形填空（每小題1分，共10分） 先通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇可以填入空白處的最佳答案。The Andes Mountains are the longest and one of the highest mountain ranges (山脈) in the world. They run through 7 countries in South America. Although life is 36 easy there, th

35、e Inca people lived in the Andes Mountains for hundreds of years. The old and famous Inca Empire began around 13th century (世紀(jì)) and didnt come to an end 37 the late 16th century.Corn was the Inca peoples 38 food because it could grow very well in the high mountains. Tomatoes, potatoes and another gr

36、ain (谷物) called quinoa were also popular. When the Inca people 39 peppers with quinoa, they could make a kind of delicious soup.The llama, a kind of animal, is another 40 why the Inca people could live in such a terrible environment. It 41 the Inca people with milk and meat. At the same time, it 42

37、be used to carry lots of heavy things.Most Inca people were farmers 43 the villages they lived in were very small. Even Cuzco, the capital (首都), was not a large city. In Cuzco, the Inca people 44 walls with huge stones. Some of the walls were more than 7 meters 45 . Even today, centuries later, the

38、stones fit together so well that you cant even put a ruler between them. ( ) 36. A. tooB. already C. never D. still( ) 37. A. until B. after C. from D. past( ) 38. A. only B. main C. cheap D. healthy( ) 39. A. mixed B. added C. put D. cut( ) 40. A. fact B. answer C. way D. reason( ) 41. A. fed B. fo

39、und C. protected D. provided ( ) 42. A. could B. should C. must D. need( ) 43. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( ) 44. A. touched B. used C. built D. bought( ) 45. A. big B. high C. old D. deep情景交際（每小題1分，共5分）根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話，其中有兩項(xiàng)多余。A: Hi, Megan. How are you today?B: Im fine. (46) _A: Youre right. B

40、ut its not just cold. Everything is frozen!B: It snowed a lot last night. A: (47) _B: Thats a good idea. We can ask our friends to come.A: What activity do you think we should do?B: (48) _ Skiing is a lot of fun!A: OK. I can learn to ski from you. Where can we go skiing? (49) _B: Thats true. What ab

41、out Eagle Mountain? A: Oh, yeah. Mark went skiing there last year.B: Right. And he had a really good time. A: (50) _ Do you think its OK for beginners?B: I think so. A: OK. Lets meet at the store on our way to Eagle Mountain.A. What hot weather it is!B. I think we should go skiing.C. I am good at sk

42、iing.D. But the weather is really cold outside.E. Eagle Mountain sounds pretty scary.F. There arent too many hills around here.G. Maybe we can plan an outside activity to enjoy the snow.閱讀理解（每小題2分，共20分） ACristina is a Portuguese student. She decided to improve her English during the summer holiday.

43、So she took a two weeks summer course (課程) in the Embassy School, Oxford. Now lets read about her experience.It was a wonderful experience. The school was on one of the citys most famous streets. The teachers were very nice and the classrooms were modern. The Embassy School wasnt a boarding school (

44、寄宿學(xué)校), so I stayed with an English family during those two weeks. It was an excellent opportunity to practice my English. They couldnt speak Portuguese, so I tried my best to communicate with them in English. They lived in a beautiful house. I loved staying with them because they were very friendly.

45、 Every morning, I took the bus to school. Classes started at 9 a.m. and finished at 4 p.m. We had three classes in the morning and two classes in the afternoon. I learned a lot and met classmates from all over the world. We also visited the most famous places of the country.It was the best summer ho

46、liday Ive ever had. My English got much better and I made a lot of new friends.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。( ) 51. How long was Cristinas summer course?A. One week.B. Two weeks.C. One month.D. Two months. ( ) 52. The underlined word “opportunity” in Paragraph 3 means “_” in Chinese. A. 習(xí)慣 B. 靈感 C. 機(jī)會(huì) D. 儀式( ) 53.

47、How did Cristina go to school every morning?A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. D. On foot.( ) 54. How many classes did Cristina have every day?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.( ) 55. What can we learn about Cristina? A. She lived in an old house.B. She spoke Portuguese with her classmates.C. She d

48、idnt visit any famous places in England.D. She thought her summer holiday was wonderful.BHi, my name is Joseph and theres something Id like to share with you .My 16-year-old son, Dylan, told everyone that one of the most amazing experiences of his life was the trip to South Africa last summer. Most

49、people would think that he was on a vacation there. But Dylan spent almost the whole ten days of his trip building houses for people there. It was hard and dirty work. I never thought that he would enjoy it, but he loved every minute of it. Encouraging (鼓勵(lì)) teenagers to do volunteer work is one of t

50、he most important things you can do for them as a parent. And the amazing thing is, once they get a taste of it, teenagers will love to volunteer. And students who do volunteer work do better in school than those who dont volunteer. In fact, volunteering provides many things for teenagers, including

51、 a wonderful experience and a good chance (機(jī)會(huì)) to meet new people. Its not difficult to find volunteer jobs for teenagers. They can find them in hospitals, libraries, childrens museums and so on. 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)要回答下列問(wèn)題。56. What did Dylan think of his trip to South Africa?_57. What did Dylan do in South Afri

52、ca?_58. Does the writer think parents should encourage their children to do volunteer work?_59. What can teenagers get from volunteering? _60. Where can teenagers find volunteer jobs?_詞匯運(yùn)用（每小題1分，共10分）A) 根據(jù)句意及所給漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出句中所缺單詞。61. The country has a(n) _ (人口) of 65,000,000. Its not large.62. Their tent gave little _ (保護(hù)) against the storm.63. I will finish reading the _ (剩余的) part of the book in two hours. 64. Hundreds of _ (旅行者) visit this ancient temple every day. 65. The hole is a lot _ (深的) than that one. B) 根據(jù)句意，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。66. They were proud (驕傲的) of their childrens _ (ac