歷年高考英語賓語英語賓語從句

1、高考英語賓語從句.賓語從句的定義學習賓語從句要抓住三要素： 連接詞、語序和時態(tài) 。一、關(guān)聯(lián)詞在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，引導(dǎo)詞有：從屬連詞： that （that?？墒÷?）,whether, if連接代詞： who, whose, what ,which連接副詞： when ,where, how, why 等。that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（在非正式場合that可以省略）可跟 that 從句做賓語的動詞有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit,

2、deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require,propose, declare, report等。The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.在以下情況中 that 不能省略1、當句中的動詞后接多于兩個由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，第一個 that 可省，但后面的 that 不可省。I believe （ that ） you have

3、done your best andthatthings will get better2、當主句的謂語動詞與 that 賓語從句之間有插入語時， that 一般不可省。3、 Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine greencoat and his black silk cap.4、 當 that 從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時， that 不可省。5、 I can t tell him that his mother died.4、當 it 作形式賓語時 例句： She made

4、 it clear that she had nothing to do with himWhether this is true or not， I cant say 這是否真的我說不上來。許多帶復(fù)合賓語的句子， that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部，而用 it 作形式賓語。5、當賓語從句前置時That our team will win ， I believe 6、當 that 作 learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold 等動 詞的賓語時 ;由whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句

5、時，用 if 或 whether 引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如：I dont know if whether he still lives here after so many years 我不知道這么 多年后他是否還住在這兒。但在下列情況下只能用 whether ，不能用 if ：1在具有選擇意義，又有or 或 or not 時，尤其是直接與 or not 連用時，往往用 whether(ifor not 也可以使用)。如：Let me know whether/ if he will come or not .(= Let me know whether or not hewill come )

6、讓我知道他是否能來。I dont know whether/ if he does any wash ing or not.(= I dont know whether ornot he does any washing )我不知道他洗不洗衣服。2在介詞之后用 whether 。如：Im interested in whether he likes English我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語。Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time我們正在考慮是否能按時完成這項工作。3在不定式前用 whether 。如：He hasnt

7、decided whether to visit the old man他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。4whether 置于句首時，不能換用if。如：5引導(dǎo)主語從句和表語從句時宜用 whether 。如：Whether she will come or not is still a question她是否能來還是個問題。6若用 if 會引起歧義時，則用 whether 。如：Please let me know if you like the book可理解為：

8、b If you like the book， please let me know 你如果喜歡這本書，請告訴我只能用 if 不能用 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1、 if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”2、 The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.3、 if 引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語從句時4、 He asked if I didn t come to school yesterday.5、 引導(dǎo)狀語從句 even if （即使）和 as if （好象）時6、 He talks as if he has known all about it.

9、連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句這樣的賓語從句實際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的， 賓語從句要用陳述句語序。 用于這種結(jié) 構(gòu)的動詞常常是： see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder,discover, understand, inform, advise等。連接代詞 ： who,whom,whose,which,what, 在句中擔任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。連接代詞一般指疑問 , 但 what, whatever 除了指疑問外 , 也可以指陳述 .Do yo

10、u know who has won Red Alert game 你知道是誰贏得了紅色警報的游戲么The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 這本書會告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解什么 .Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone 你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎連接副詞有 ： when,where,why,how ，在句中擔任狀語的成分。He didn t tell me when we should meet a

11、gain. 他沒有告訴我什么時候我們能再見面Could you please tell me how you use the new panel 你能告訴我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到 .在試卷中一般依據(jù)從句中“缺什么補什么”的原則，結(jié)合上下文選用恰當?shù)倪B詞。 如：1. I don t know who will be our headteacher next semester.缺指人的主語用who, 如缺指物的主語則用 what。2.1 doubt wha

12、t my epal will write soon.缺指物的賓語用 what，如缺指人的賓語則用whom3. I think that my deskmate will get through all the major subjects.用 that; 如果 that 后跟有代詞,可省略 that 。4. She let me know when the meeting would be held.用 where ;缺原因狀語，用 why;缺方式狀語，用 how。6. The teacher asked whether / if I was getting ready for the com

13、ing test.否（有，能，已經(jīng).）”等含義，用 whether 或 if。7. I d be interested to know whether he will see the movie對比時,用連詞 whether 。二、語序以從屬連詞(if , whether )、連接代詞(what, which , who, whose)和連接副詞(when,where, how, why)等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句用 陳述句語序。即：連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。例 6 No one can be sure _ in a million years.A. what man will look l

14、ike B. what will man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like例 7 The boss went up to ask _.A. what the matter wasB. what s the matter C. what was the matterD. what thematter is句子不缺成分,缺時間狀語，用 when;缺地點狀語,5.I don t know which / what topic I shouldchoose. 缺定語,用 what 或 which 。表示“是Da

15、wn” or not. 強調(diào)是否三、時態(tài)賓語從句的時態(tài)要和主句相呼應(yīng)1.如果主句謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句謂語動詞時態(tài)可不受約束；2.如果主句謂語動詞是過去時，從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)須與之呼應(yīng)；Eg. I thought he had gone to town today.3.當從句敘述的是客觀真理時，其謂語動詞仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如：Eg. Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun.例 8 The manager entered the office and was happy to learn four fifths of the t

16、ickets.A. was booked B. had been booked C. were booked D. have beenbooked例 9 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon.A. leaves B. would leaveC. had left D. had been away例 10 Do you work in the lab every afternoon No, but sometimes I wish IA. have time B. had time to do C. h

17、ave time to D. had time to四、賓語從句的減縮式賓語從句有時可減縮為“疑問詞 +不定式”的形式。例 11 I ve worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job.A. expectedB. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects例 12 It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _ .A. it what to do with B. what to do it w

18、ith C. what to do with it D. to do what with it例 13 The mother didn t know_ to blame for the broken glass es as it happened whileshe was out.A. whoB. when C. how D. what五、賓語從句的特殊式1. 復(fù)合連接代詞在賓語從句中的使用。如：Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her interest.( whoever= anyone who /any person who

19、)These wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them.anything that ）It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. whatever 在此處是泛指，不可被what 替代。而“ I can t remember at the moment who has said the words. ”中的 who 表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever 。2. it 作形式賓語，從句作真正賓語。（

20、1）動詞 + it + important / necessary / natural / etc. + thatclause 。 thatclause 中 謂語動詞前可加should ，亦可省略。如：I think it important that you （ should ） attend the conference.（2）動詞+ it + as + 名詞 / 形容詞 + clause 。如：The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.（3） 動詞 + it + 介詞 + t

21、hatclause 。常見的有：owe it to sb. + thatclause（把.歸功于某人）,leave it to sb. + thatclause（把 留給某人去做）,take it for gran ted +thatclause（想當然），keep it in mind+ thatclause （記住 ）。如：I just took it for granted thathed always be around.（ 4） 動詞 + it + clause 。如： I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 英語中少數(shù)介

22、詞很活躍，能帶從句作其賓語。如： I go to see a film except when it rains.3. 含賓語從句的反意疑問句。當陳述部分帶有 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，疑問部分的主語和謂語一般應(yīng)與陳述部分主句的主語 和謂語保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。如：Brian told you that the re wasn t anyone in the room at that time, didnt he ？當陳述部分主句的主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是 think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect / suspect/ feel等時，

23、疑問部分的主語和謂語往往與陳述部分從句中的whatever=主語和謂語保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系，此時實質(zhì)上是將對主句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到對從句的否定上。如：I don t suppose anyone will volunteer, will theyI don t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he我認為那個人不是 Jim 所殺的 , 是不是主句的謂語動詞是 think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等, 并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時 其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致 ., 從句的否定詞

24、一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來(2) This depends onthe weather is fineI don t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he我認為那個人不是Jim 所殺的，是不是I expect our En glish teacher will be back this weeke nd, wont she/heWe suppose you have fini shed the project, have nt you例 14 The poor young man is ready to accept_ help he can get.A.

25、whicheverB. however C. whateverD. whe never例 15_ has helped to save the drow ning girl is worth prais ing.A. WhoB. The oneC. An yo neD. Whoever例 16 I d appreciate_ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. thatB. itC. thisD. you例 17 I don t think you could have been used to the quick

26、pace of life whilein the USA_ you_ . I thought of retur ning to our country at one time.A. had; YesB. do; YesC. have; NoD.were;例 18 With his work completed, the bus in essma n stepped back to his seat, feeli ng_ he was a man of acti on.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether賓語從句練習題類型一：引導(dǎo)詞的運用（1） I don t kno

27、w_or notstudy ingNopleased5） Excuse me ， sir Could you tell meA. whether he is at homeB. if he is at homeC. that he is at homeD .whethe5） Excuse me ， sir Could you tell me（ 3） The teacher asked the new student _ class he was inA whichB whereC ifD that（4） I don t know _ Mr Green will come to see us H

28、ell help us with ourEnglish A whyB when C howD where（5） Be careful ！ Dont break the bottles Do you hear _ I said David Yes ， MumA what B thatC why D if（ 6） Do you know _ Mr Black s address is He may live at NO 18 or No 19 of Bridge Street類型二：賓語從句的語序1）Did you find out _2）Are you interested in _3）I do

29、n t know _ Can you tell me4） What did the scientist say He said he wondered if _ into space by spaceship one dayA whichB whetherC ifD thatI m not sure of _A where ， whichB where ， whatC what ， whichD what ， where7） There is not much difference between the twoI reallydont know _A what should I choose

30、B which I should chooseC which should I chooseD what I should chooseA she was looking for whose childB whose child was she looking forC whose child she is looking forD whose child she was looking forA how did he do itB he did it howC how he did itD he how did itA how the two players are oldB how old

31、 are the two playersC the two players are how oldD how old the two players areA he had to flyB he could flyC can he flyD could he fly3） I thought that he disliked playing football6） She asked Tom _ with his car類型三：時態(tài)（ 1） It s 7 ： 30 I can t believe you_ cooking dinner yet， Sally A haven t startedB d

32、idn t C don t startD hadn t started2） The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 _ Christmas DayA isB wasC has beenD will be（3）The teacher said that the earth _ _round the sunA goesB go C went D will go（4）We d like to tell you that you _ the examA have passed B had passedC passDwill pass（5）“ Cou

33、ld you tell me_ ”“ Yes They _ to the libraryA where are the twins ， have beenBwhere were the twins， have beenCwhere the twins are ， have goneD，where the twins were， have gone（6）Our father said that he _ a new computer next weekA will buyB have boughtCwouldbuy D buys（7）I hear that he _ to Beijing yes

34、terdayA goesB will goC wentDhave gone1） I don t think he is right2） He believes she is rightA Where the bank nearestB where is the nearest bankC where the nearest bank isD thenearestA what the matter wasB what the matter isC what was the matterD what is the matter類型四：其他反意疑問句，it 做形式賓語Aisn t heBis heC

35、 do ID don t IA doesn t heB does heCis sheDisn t sheA. didn t heB. did heC . did ID.didn t4）. I find _ _ important that we practice English every day.A. itB . thisC. thatD. what5） You can t imagine _ when they received the nice gift高考題1 What did you parents think about your decision They always let

36、me do _ I think I should全國卷）A. why B . what C . who D . that4.Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see_ .（ 2000 上海）A . who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is5.We haven t heard from Jane for a long time What do you consider _to her（ NMET 1990）A. was happeningB. to happenC . has happenedD . happeningA how they were excitedB how excited they wereC how excited were theyD they were how excited（06全國n）A whenB thatC howD what2 Please remind meoff he said he was goingI may be in time to see himA whereB whenC. howD. what（06 全國I）3 Mary wrote an artic