高中英語選修十 Unit 5 Enjoy novels-語法篇（教師版）

1、.Unit 5 Enjoy novels-語法篇_1. 掌握獨立主格的定義；2. 掌握獨立主格的解題方法；獨立主格構(gòu)造1. 構(gòu)成:獨立主格構(gòu)造由名詞或代詞加上其他成分分詞, 不定式, 名詞, 代詞, 形容詞, 副詞或介詞短語構(gòu)成, 在語法上是一個獨立的短語, 不是句子, 在意思上依附于整個句子。構(gòu)成如下:1 名詞代詞 + 如今分詞, 過去分詞2 名詞代詞 + 形容詞3 名詞代詞 + 副詞4 名詞代詞 + 不定式5 名詞代詞 + 介詞短語2. 獨立主格構(gòu)造的特點:1 獨立主格構(gòu)造的作用相當(dāng)于狀語從句, 可表示時間, 原因, 條件, 行為方式或伴隨情況;2 獨立主格構(gòu)造可置于句首, 也可以放在句尾

2、;3 獨立主格構(gòu)造主要用于書面語;4 獨立主格構(gòu)造的邏輯主語與句中的語法主語不同, 不指同一個人或同一事物;5 獨立主格構(gòu)造的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同, 它獨立存在;6 名詞或代詞與后面的分詞, 形容詞, 副詞, 不定式, 介詞等是主謂關(guān)系;7 獨立主格構(gòu)造一般有逗號與主句分開8 過去分詞表示被動，邏輯主語承受動作；分詞的完成式表示的動作在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發(fā)生。e.g. 1 The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 2 The presiden

3、t assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 3 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 4 He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 5 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 3. with 的復(fù)合構(gòu)造作獨立主格 表伴隨時, 既可用分詞的獨立構(gòu)造, 也可用with的復(fù)合構(gòu)造。其構(gòu)造如下: 1 with + 名詞/代詞賓格 + 介詞短語

4、2 with + 名詞/代詞賓格 + 分詞 3 with + 名詞/代詞賓格 + 不定式 4 with + 名詞/代詞賓格 + 形容詞/副詞 5 with + 名詞/代詞賓格 + 名詞 e.g. 1 The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in his hand. 2 The classroom is very bright with all the lights turned on. 3 I cant go out, with a lot of work to do. 4 Dont talk with your mouth full. 5

5、 He fought the tiger with a stick as his only weapon. 4. 獨立主格構(gòu)造的句法功能1 作時間狀語 e.g. The meeting over, they left the hall.2 作原因狀語 e.g. My watch having been lost, I didnt know what time it was.3 作條件狀語 e.g. Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.4 描繪伴隨行為或補充說明 e.g. Mary entered the room, with a

6、 big apple in her hand. He stood there, with his hands in his pockets. 1. _ her father, the little girl ran to him, her schoolbag _ behind her.A. Seeing; flying B. Seen; flown C. To see; to fly D. Seeing; was flying解析: 第一空相當(dāng)于when the little girl saw her father, 其可改為seeing her father;第二空考察獨立主格構(gòu)造做伴隨狀語

7、。答案: A2. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ them. A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows解析: 句意“這對老夫婦經(jīng)常晚飯后在公園漫步，他們的寵物狗跟著他們?？疾旆侵^語動詞作賓補。首先排除D。在with復(fù)合構(gòu)造中，非謂語動詞的邏輯主語their pet dog與follow是主動關(guān)系，排除C。A項不定式表示將要發(fā)生的事情，不符合題意。答案: B3. All his time_ the local peo

8、ple out of poverty, he has no time for his sick mother.A. devoting to helping B. devoted to helpingC. devoting to help D. devoted to help解析: devote 和time是被動關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞作邏輯謂語構(gòu)成獨立主格構(gòu)造。devoteto doing sth.把、投入到做某事上。句意“他把所有的時間都投入到了幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝藬[脫貧困上面了，沒有時間顧及他生病的母親。答案: B4. The party will be held in the garden, wea

9、ther _ permit.解析: 句意“假如天氣允許，派對將會在花園里舉行?？疾旆侵^語動詞作狀語。逗號前為一個完好的句子，逗號之后應(yīng)該為，分析句子構(gòu)造可知此處為獨立主格構(gòu)造。名詞weather 與permit之間為主動關(guān)系，故用如今分詞形式。答案: permitting5. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _have a life span of around 20 years.解析：句意“蝙蝠是一種壽命長得驚人的生物，一些蝙蝠的壽命可長達(dá)約20年。題干中并沒有附屬連詞或并列連詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為非謂語動詞， some having

10、 a life span of around 20 years 位獨立主格構(gòu)造作狀語。答案: having6. We _arrivethere, the sun was rising in the east.解析：考察獨立主格構(gòu)造。根據(jù)句子構(gòu)造可知逗號前應(yīng)是狀語，不能是句子。故用獨立主格構(gòu)造。答案： arriving7. All things _consider, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.解析：考察獨立主格構(gòu)造。此處all things 是邏輯主語，considered是過去分詞，意為“被考慮。答案： considered8.

11、 He got up late and hurried to his office, _leave the breakfast untouched.解析：句意“他起晚了，然后匆忙趕到辦公室，早飯根本沒動?？疾旆侵^語動詞作狀語。根據(jù)句子構(gòu)造可知此處用如今分詞leaving作結(jié)果狀語。答案： leaving根底演練一. 單項選擇1. The thief stood before the policeman，_ admitting what he had done A. with his drooping head B. drooping his head C. raising his head D

12、. with his head down 2. _，he can't go out for a walk as usual A. With so much work to do B. With so much work doing C. With so much work done D. Without so much work to do 3. It's quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth _ and his eyes _ A. closed；open B. closed；opened C. closing；ope

13、n D. closing；opening 4. All things _，the plan trip will have to be called off A. be considered B. considered C. considering D. having considering 5. _，we have to get down to business right away A. As there was no time left B. There is no time left C. There being no time left D. There to be no time l

14、eft 6. _ yesterday，we went out for a walk A. As a fine day B. It was a fine day C. It being a fine day D. For it was a fine day 7. The old man stood there，_ A. with back against the wall B. with his back against the wall C. with back against wall D. his back against wall 二. 用獨立主格構(gòu)造改寫以下句子。1. The girl

15、 left the office and there were tears in her eyes. 2. Since there was no bus, we had to walk home.3. The soldier entered the room and his nose was red with cold.4. If all things are considered, I think we ought to give the job to Mike.5. The thief was brought to the police station and his hands were

16、 tied to the back.6. We set out for the cave and a native villager acted as our guide.Keys： 一. 15 DAABC 67 CB二. 1. The girl left the office, tears in her eyes. 2. There being no bus, we had to walk home.3. The soldier entered the room, his nose red with cold.4. All things considered, I think we ough

17、t to give the job to Mike.5. The thief was brought to the police station, his hands tied to the back.6. We set out for the cave, a native villager acting as our guide. 穩(wěn)固進(jìn)步1. _ no bus, we had to walk home. A. There was B. There being C. Because there being2. _, I'll go there with you tomorrow af

18、ternoon. A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting3. _, we all went home happily. A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said 4. _, we all went swimming in high spirits. A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather C. It wa

19、s fine weather D. It being a fine weather 5. _, the bus started at once. A. The signal was given B. The signal giving C. The signal given D. When the signal given 6. She stood there, _ from her cheeks. A. tears' rolling down B. tears rolled down C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down7.

20、_, the leaves are turning green. A. When spring coming on B. Spring coming on C. Spring came on D. Spring being come on8. _, I had to buy a new one. A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lostC. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost9. I used to sleep with the window

21、 _. A. opened B. open C. opening D to open10. _, the hunter went into the forest. A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulder C. Gun on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder11. _ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through12. With a lot of wo

22、rk _, I have to sit up tonight. A. do B. doing C. done D. to do 13. He stood there silently, his lips_. A. trembling B. trembled C. were trembling D. were trembling 14. _, her suggestion is of greater value than yours. A. All things considering B. All things consideredC. All things were considered D

23、. With all things were considered15. _, we will surely succeed. A. The teacher helping us B. The teacher to help us C. The teacher will help us D. With the teacher helpingKeys：1-5 BCCAC 6-10 DBBBC 11-15 CDABB1. _ I attended the meeting instead of him last Monday. A. He was ill B. His being ill C. Hi

24、m being ill D. He being ill2. _, Ill go over all these lessons before the exam. A. If time permit will B. Time permits C. If time permitted D. Time permitting3. _, he drew a conclusion. A. The experiment B. The experiment making C. The experiment having been done D. The experiment made4. _ tomorrow,

25、 I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.A. The exam to be held B. The exam will holdC. The exam holds D. The exam holding5. _, her paper is of greater value than yours. A. All things be considered B. All things considered C. All things having considering D. All things considering 6. A new technique _, t

26、he yields as a whole increased by 20 percent. A. working out B. having worked out C. having been worked out D. to have been worked out 7. The decision _, the next problem was how to make a good a good plan. A. having made B. having been making C. having been made D. been made8. The teacher walked in

27、to the classroom _. A. with a book in hand B. hand with a book C. being with a book in hand D. to have a book in hand9. _ no homework left, the pupils could do whatever they liked. A. There being B. There had C. There to be D. There having 10. They first came to an agreement on the basic principle,

28、the details _ later.A. to work it out B. having been worked out C. to be worked out D. being worked out 11. The purse _, the young man went to the police for help. A. not yet found B. hasnt been found C. being not found D. not having yet found 12. _, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure t

29、o succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor. A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equal C. To be equal to other thing D. Other things to be equal 13. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. A. f

30、illed B. filling C. to fill D. being filled14. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished15. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to l

31、ay D. being laidKeys:1-5 DDCAB 6-10 CCCAC 11-15 AABBA _一. 完型2019豐臺一模Though she had been in a coma昏迷 for nearly six months, it was still a 1 when my grandmother passed away. I was not yet thirteen when she 2 . Id understood that death awaited her, but in those first moments of knowing, I could not 3

32、that “eventually had finally come to pass. Friends came to the funeral home to pay their last respects to my grandmother and to show their support for my mother. Not 4 where to be or what to do, I stayed off to the side. The 5 finally ended with the arrival of my friend Kelly. Kelly and I had been f

33、riends ever since she was three and I was four. We were “home friends, the kind who rode bikes together after school, went 6 to a KFC a few blocks away, even though we werent allowed to leave the block. At the funeral home, Kelly came right to me. In her hands were two packages of M&Ms. Kelly kn

34、ew that was one of my 7 . We had often taken long trips to the store for 8 . We sat in the back, eating M&Ms and talking quietly. A 9 experience had suddenly become easier to bear, with a childhood offering of chocolates and the 10 of a devoted friend.Trying to come up with something to offer a

35、heartbroken person is 11 . Kelly had understood, even at twelve, that there wasnt much she could do to reduce my pain _12 be there with me and bring something that just might make me 13 . Now, whenever Kelly and I find ourselves at a funeral home for a family member of ours, the other has always sho

36、wn up 14 M&Ms, a small offering of 15 to take the edge off the hovering sorrow. Weve 16 that when were old, the one who dies first will have a crazy old lady throwing M&Ms into her grave. M&Ms will 17 be significant to me. They will 18 me that even when something as painful and powerful

37、as 19 comes to claim whats most important to me, there will always be Kelly and her chocolate.M&Ms, melt 溶解 in your 20 , not in your hand.1.A. shockB. topicC. storyD. custom2.A. returnedB. diedC. criedD. recovered3.A. tellB. pretendC. findD. believe4.A. knowingB. seeingC. guessingD. planning5.A.

38、 activityB. introductionC. ceremonyD. awkwardness6.A. directlyB. separatelyC. secretlyD. hurriedly7.A. collectionsB. favoritesC. presentsD. choices8.A. dollsB. pensC. dressesD. chocolates9.A. valuableB. familiarC. painfulD. previous10.A. dutyB. dreamC. companyD. greeting11.A. strangeB. cleverC. diff

39、icultD. reasonable12.A. but B. orC. soD. and13.A. thinkB. wonderC. smileD. jump14.A. forB. withC. atD. by15.A. cheerB. excitementC. rewardD. patience16.A. worriedB. rememberedC. suspectedD. joked17.A. evenB. alwaysC. alsoD. merely18.A. warnB. promiseC. requireD. remind19.A. darknessB. pressureC. dea

40、thD. failure20.A. mouthB. heartC. armsD. eyes二. 書面表達(dá)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三1班的學(xué)生李華，你將參加學(xué)校舉行的英語口語，請根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇競選稿。1. 擔(dān)任班長，深受好評；2. 組織和溝通才能強；3. 英語口語好，樂于助人；4. 中選后的打算。注意：1. 詞數(shù)不少于50；2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連接；3. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Hi everyone! Im Li Hua from Class One, Grade Three. Today Im very glad to run for Chairman of the Oral

41、 English Club._ _.I sincerely hope you will give me a chance and vote for me. Thank you.第二節(jié) 20分假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二1班的學(xué)生李華，最近你校開展了誠信教育Honesty Education系列活動，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，為?？坝⒄Z園地寫一篇短文，記述你和同學(xué)們參與活動的全過程。注意：1. 詞數(shù)不少于60； 2. 短文的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。宣誓：take an oath 無人監(jiān)考：no-invigilation examRecently to carry forward the value of honesty. A variety of activities have been held in our school._Keys:一. 完型1-5 ABDAD6-10 CBDCC 11-15 CACBA16-20DBDCB二. 書面表達(dá)第一節(jié)Hi everyone