小學(xué)六年級(jí)一般過去式語(yǔ)法講解教案

1、教學(xué)目標(biāo)與要求1 ，知識(shí)目標(biāo)：能夠聽、說、讀、寫動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的過去式。2，能力目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能用句型表述他人在過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的情況或動(dòng)作。3，情感目標(biāo)：使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)與他人進(jìn)行合作、交流。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)掌握一般過去時(shí)的表達(dá)方式。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞過去式的變化。教學(xué)步驟及說明Step 1:warm up1.T: What do you usually do on the weekend?S: I usually,（通過師生對(duì)話，直接引出詞組）T: What did you do at last weekend?S: I,一，概念表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。通常在句子里找到表示過去時(shí)間

2、的詞或詞組。如： yesterday, yesterday morning,yesterdayafternoon,yesterday evening, the day before yesterday, last night,last week, last month, lastyear, a moment ago, just now, two days ago,a week ago, in 1990 等。如：I went to bed at eleven last night.昨晚我 11： 00 睡覺。二動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)律（一）規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式1 ，一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后面加 -ed;

3、Look- lookedplay-playedstart- startedvisit-visited2,以不發(fā)音 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng) 詞，在詞尾直接加 -d;Live liveduse-used3,以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將y改成i,再加wd;Study-studiedtry triedfly-flied4,以重讀閉音節(jié)（即輔音+元音+輔音）或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字 母的動(dòng)詞，要先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后，再加Pd。Stop-stoppedplan-plannedpreferred（二）不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式1 改變動(dòng)詞中的元音；Begin- begandrink-drankcome-camee

4、at-ateGrow-grewrun-ranknow- knewwin-wonspeak-spokeTake -tookwrite -wroteget-got2變?cè)~尾的-d為-tBuild-builtlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentbend-bent3 與動(dòng)詞原形一樣；Cut-cutput-putcost-costhurt-hurtshut-shut4 變-ay 為一aid（少數(shù)動(dòng)詞）Say-saidpay-paidlay-laid5 采用不同詞根；Sell- soldteachtaughtbuybought6 其他Am/is -wasare-werehave/has

5、- haddo-did二力口 -ed 后的讀音方法1 ed 加在清輔音后面讀/t/Finished/-t/help /-t/asked/-t/2 ed 加在濁輔音或元音結(jié)尾的，讀/d/Played/-d/lived/-d/enjoyed/-d/3 ed力口在/t/或/d/后面，讀/id/Wanted /-tid/needed/-did/visited /-tid/過去時(shí)練習(xí)：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式Isamfly_plantaredrinkPlaygomakedoesdanceWorryasktaste_ eatdrawPutthrowkickpassdo用所給_動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1 We(liv

6、e) in Japan last year.2 Susan(stop) the car on the street yesterday.3 My mother(clean) my room and I ( study) for the EnglishtestlastSunday.4 Whatyou(do) last night?5 On Saturday morning I (play) football二用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空( 1) May(finish) her homework very late yesterday evening.( 2 )HanMei(bring) her

7、 pet to the park that day.( 3) His father(buy) a new computer for him last week( 4) Miss Du(walk) to work every day last term.( 5) We(move) to Shenyang 8 years ago.( 6) you (have) bread for breakfast this morning?( 7)She(give) me a nice present last night.( 8) The police(stop) the car and(catch) the

8、 thief 小偷()just now.( 9) Tom (carry)water for the old man last Saturday.( 10) Uncle Wang(come)into the room and(find)somethingtoeat.( 11) Lily(study)in the classroom for two hours and then(leave).( 12) Jimmy(do) a lot today. He(go) shoppingand(cook)supper.( 13) We(go) to the cinema last night. The f

9、ilm(be)very good.( 14) What time you(get) to school this morning?三句子變化(一)一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問句1 .把was, were放在句首，其余位置不變。由 Was,?引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯 定答為：Yes,was否定回答為：No,wasn'由Were,?引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定 回答為：Yes,were.否定回答為：No,weren '如：(1) I was born in Shanghai.Were you born in Shanghai?-Yes, I was.院 回答)-No, I wasn 否(定回答)(2

10、) They were in Li Yan ' s home last-ni-Were they inLi Yan s home last night?-Yes, they were.肯定回答)-No, they weren 否定但答)2 .在行為動(dòng)詞的句子中，要用助動(dòng)詞 did 來引導(dǎo)，其余的語(yǔ)序不變。要注意的是，要把行為動(dòng)詞的過去式改為原形。肯定回答為： Yes,did 否定 No,didn t. 如： John played computer games last night.-Did John playcomputer gameslast night?Yes, he did.N

11、o,he didn t（二）一般過去時(shí)的否定句1 在表示過去存在的狀態(tài)的句子中，相接在was, were 的后面加上not。如：（ 1） He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.（2）We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2 在表示過去的時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的句子中，要在行為動(dòng)詞的前面加助動(dòng)詞 didn '例后把過去式的行為動(dòng)詞改為動(dòng)詞原形。即： didn '和司原形。如（1）Sh

12、e played the violin last night.She didn t play the violin last night.（2）They swam in the lake yesterday.They didn tswim in the lake yesterday.（三）一般過去式的特殊疑問句1 .What did,? （主要是詢問過去發(fā)生了什么事情，注意要把過去式改為動(dòng)原 形。）We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night?2 .Where did ?（主要是詢問過去事情發(fā)生的地方）They sang a

13、nd dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they singand dance yesterday morning?3 .Who +動(dòng)詞過去式,? （主要是詢問過去事情發(fā)生的人物 ）Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.Who climbed mountains last weekend?四句子結(jié)構(gòu)1 在表示某個(gè)時(shí)間里存在的狀態(tài)的句子，系動(dòng)詞用過去式 was,were 構(gòu)成。如：(1) I was at home yesterday昨天我在家。2 2) We were in t

14、he gym just now.剛才我們?cè)隗w育館、2 在表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用動(dòng)詞的過去式構(gòu)成。如：I visited my uncle yesterday昨天我拜訪了我的叔叔。3 各種句式( 1)一般過去時(shí)的肯定陳述句：主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞過去式+賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。Heworkedin Shanghaiten years ago.(2)K±±去時(shí)的否定句：a.主語(yǔ)+didn '壽司原形 + 賓語(yǔ)。(did+not=didn )'Hedidn ' tdomorning exercisesyesterday.b主語(yǔ) +wasn' t/weren 表弗( was+not=wasntwere+not=weren )t( 3)一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問句：a. Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)？DidyoustudyE