初中英語(yǔ)選詞填空解題技巧

1、.初中英語(yǔ)選詞填空解題技巧根據(jù)平時(shí)的觀察，學(xué)生在做英語(yǔ)的“選詞填空時(shí)，遭遇較多困難，有的甚至條件反射一樣畏懼或厭煩。在此，分享平時(shí)積累的解題技巧和訓(xùn)練技巧略，希望能給同學(xué)們提供一點(diǎn)幫助。“選詞填空要求學(xué)生利用所給的12個(gè)詞匯(一般有名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞、介詞和連詞等)補(bǔ)全一篇有10個(gè)空缺的短文。要攻克這一難關(guān)，學(xué)生除了要進(jìn)展大量的課外閱讀，積累豐富的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)外，還需掌握一定的解題技巧。1.在拿到題目后，不要急于看文章，首先對(duì)備選的詞匯研究幾遍，對(duì)詞性作簡(jiǎn)單的標(biāo)記，例如：名詞-n.，動(dòng)詞-v.，形容詞-a.，副詞-ad. 等等。同時(shí)對(duì)詞義作初步的理解。2.通讀全文，語(yǔ)義完整

2、、適用、符合邏輯是做好填詞的前提。通過上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的內(nèi)容，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)固定搭配關(guān)系，憑借語(yǔ)感積極主動(dòng)地猜想空格中所缺的信息，根據(jù)需要去備選詞匯中尋找匹配的答案。3.在選定單詞后，不要輕率地填入。在填詞過程中，需要瞻前顧后，既要符合本句的含義，又要保證句式構(gòu)造的正確。對(duì)于名詞，要考慮是否要把它變成復(fù)數(shù)或“所有格形式。例如：match-matches, friend-friend's/friends'。其他還要考慮名詞是否需要變成形容詞，例如：sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, danger-dangerous；對(duì)于動(dòng)詞，要有意識(shí)地去

3、考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式的變化(動(dòng)詞不定式- to do, 現(xiàn)在分詞-doing, 過去分詞-done, 固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done)；對(duì)于形容詞和副詞，要主動(dòng)去判定它們之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換，是否需要變成比擬級(jí)或最高級(jí)，還有以及形容詞變名詞的需求也需考慮，例如：interesting-more /the most interesting, happy-happily，happy -happiness;對(duì)于代詞，注意區(qū)分主格、賓格、名詞性和形容詞性物主代詞或反身代詞的用法；對(duì)于數(shù)詞，要注意基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的變化以

4、及分?jǐn)?shù)和虛實(shí)數(shù)的用法，例如：three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ；對(duì)于冠詞，只需要在 a或an之間判別，如a girl /an old man;對(duì)于介詞和連詞時(shí)，就更簡(jiǎn)單，只要符合上下文邏輯或固定短語(yǔ)搭配，填入即可。為了方便記憶，試著記住下面的順口溜：空前空后要注意，“名詞單復(fù)數(shù)要牢記，還有 's 不能棄，“動(dòng)詞注意要變形，“形副注意要用三種級(jí)，要填“數(shù)詞請(qǐng)留意，千萬(wàn)別忘 “基 和“序，填入“代詞需慎重，五格變化要謹(jǐn)記。4. 完成填詞后，應(yīng)通讀全文，復(fù)核校對(duì)。檢查單詞拼寫是否正確，是否有時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、慣用法及詞語(yǔ)選

5、用上的錯(cuò)誤，以確保答案的正確性。最后把答案填入答卷時(shí)，切勿錯(cuò)位。 總結(jié)：做題技巧1統(tǒng)覽全局，把握大意。要填的單詞肯定是在一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中才能確定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主導(dǎo)方向，從而有助于正確理解空缺詞所在的句子，縮小詞的選擇X圍。 2根據(jù)語(yǔ)法，判定詞性。一般的空缺都可以通過其所在的句式構(gòu)造和句法成分來判斷其詞性。進(jìn)一步縮小詞的選擇X圍,從而正確地選詞。 3利用語(yǔ)境，確定詞形。當(dāng)確定了一個(gè)單詞的詞性后可通過上下文來幫助判斷其形式。如動(dòng)詞的人稱數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、不定式、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式；名詞的數(shù)和所有格；代詞的各種形式及單復(fù)數(shù)；形容詞、副詞的比擬級(jí)以及基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換形式等。4

6、復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)正答案。填完單詞后，不可孤立地逐個(gè)檢查詞，而必須將所有填入的詞代入文章中，復(fù)讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查所填詞是否符合文章的情景內(nèi)容，讀起來是否流暢，是否符合句法，單詞拼寫是否有誤，單詞形式是否正確等。發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時(shí)更正。通過再讀全文，很可能利用語(yǔ)感將個(gè)別特別難的空處順口“讀出來。例題：2021年XX省中招選詞填空題節(jié)選閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。請(qǐng)將答寫在短文后相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。方框中有兩個(gè)詞是多余的。dirty with have always time they large want speak lesson firs

7、t drop After a quick breakfast, I went into the lecture hall in a hurryA famous teacher was 66 to the studentsHe was holding up a $100 billThen he said to the three hundred students，“Who would like this $100 bill" The students put up 67 hands at onceThen he said，“I am going to give this $100 bi

8、ll to one of you，but 68 ，let me do thisHe made the bill into a ballThen he said. “Who 69 it now" The hands went back into the air“Well, he said，“what if I do this" and he 70 it on the floor and stepped on itHe picked up the7lbill and said“Who still wants it" Hands went back again into

9、 the air. My friends, he said，“you have learned a valuable(有價(jià)值的) 72 todayNo matter what I did to the $100 bill! Many 73 in our life，we are dropped and stepped onWe feel as if we are worth nothingBut remember, no matter what 74 happened to you，you will never lose your value：You are 75 valuable to tho

10、se people who love youYour value doesnt e from what you do or whom you know, but who you are.1. 單詞詮釋；進(jìn)展預(yù)判2. 缺詞通讀全文， 經(jīng)行預(yù)判 3. 瞻前顧后，仔細(xì)填空，注意單詞的變形。針對(duì)性練習(xí)：1. dirty < adj. > make the room dirty2. with <prep > - without < prep> 3. have 擁有 < 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞> - has ( 單三 ) had ( 過去式)have <助動(dòng)詞 &g

11、t; ： 構(gòu)成完成時(shí) have done / has done / had done 4. always< adv. > ： be always doing 一直干某事5. time < U. > 時(shí)間 have a good / bad time Time is precious. < C. > 時(shí)代 in modern /old times 6. they < pron. > they 主格 - them賓格 - themselves 反身代詞their 形容詞性物主代詞 - theirs 名詞性物主代詞 7. large < adj.

12、> 比擬級(jí) larger 最高級(jí) largest 副詞largely8. want < v. > want sth. want sb. to do sth.9. speak <vi.> speak to / with sb. speak about sth.10. give sb. a lesson 給某人個(gè)教訓(xùn) learn a lesson 學(xué)習(xí)一課11. first - firstly; at first ; then12 drop < vt.> - dropped dropped; drop sth. on the ground一forget，

13、bring，mend，beside，luck，pick，same，differently，I ，every， stop，eachMr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1_him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were2_there. One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 _to take an umbrella with him that

14、 day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing4 _the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5_up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6_by the man. He said angrily, “Thats 7_! Mr. Brown s face turned red and he gav

15、e it back to the man at once. When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at8 _of them, he said, “Youve mended them very well. In the afternoon he got into the train again. The9_man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbre

16、llas, “Youve had a10 _day, he said. 二before, discover , fast, in, e, watch , so, fast it, ago , shine, not can Light travels at a speed(速度) which is about a million times 1 _than that of sound. 2_one second, light travels about 300,000 kilometers, but sound travels only 340 meters. You can get some

17、idea of this difference by 3 _the start of a running match. If you stand far away from the starter(發(fā)令員), you can see smoke 4 _from his gun 5_ the sound reaches your ears.The fast speed of light produces some strange facts. The nearest star is 6 _far away that light which you can see from it tonight

18、started to travel to you four years 7_at a speed of nearly two million kilometers every minute. The light from some of tonights started on 8 _journey towards you even before you were born.So, if we want to be honest, we 9 _say, “The stars are shining brightly tonight. We have to say, “The stars look

19、 nice. They were 10_four years ago but their light has just reached our earth. 三all， any，behave，difference，drink，eat，enjoy，fine，other，real，surprise，theseOnce there was a teacher who took all his students for tea. What made the students 1 _was that all the cups on the table were2_. Each of them took

20、a cup and started 3 _their own tea, looking at the 4 _ cups.The teacher said; "Do you notice your 5_" You are all looking at each other's tea cups and6 _of you even envy (羨慕) the 7_cups of others."Then he went on: "I put the different cups here on purpose! Life is like 8 _tea

21、. You all have the same thing in your cups tea. And yet you can't9 _enjoy it in your envy of another's cup. You forget 10_your own life when you envy someone else's life. So now, taste your own tea! Does it matter from which cup it es from"四much , arm , wait, see, when , spend, she,

22、 worry , have , grow Only Mother Love is true love. It gives everybody everything all his life. 1 _you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her 2_. When you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after you day and ni

23、ght and forgets about 3 _. When you are 4 _up day by day, she feels very happy. When you are old enough to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time. On cold winter days, she always tells you to put on 5_clothes. She always stands in the wind 6 _for you back from school. When you hurry

24、 to leave home for school with little breakfast, she always feels 7_about you at home. She usually knows about your study and 8 _much money on your school things. When you do well at school, the brightest smile will be 9 _on her face.Mother is always ready to give everything she 10_to her children,

25、not to receive. What true love that is in the world! We will remember Mother Love for ever.典型例題1.inventor 2. asking 3.how 4.so 5. more 6.to be 7.interested 8.playing 9. safety 10.thankful一1.brought 2.mended 3. forgot 4. beside 5.picked 6. stopped 7. mine 8.each 9. same 10. lucky二1.faster 2.In 3. wat

26、ching 4. e 5. before 6. so 7. ago 8. its 9. cannot 10. shining三lsurprised 2different 3drinking4others 5behavior6some 7finer 8this 9really l0to enjoy四71-80 When , arms , hersef , growing , more , waiting , worried , spends , seen , has 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話題型解讀中考采用的都是給出選項(xiàng)的形式，它共有5小題，每題要求選出符合情境的一個(gè)句子，完成一段10到14個(gè)來回的對(duì)話，以此來

27、考察學(xué)生在具體情景和上下文中口語(yǔ)交際的能力。"英語(yǔ)新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)"要求學(xué)生掌握初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)會(huì)使用一些常用的功能意念工程以到達(dá)初步交際的目的。這些功能意念工程包括：?jiǎn)柡颉⒔榻B、辭別、感謝、抱歉、邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求允許、祝愿和祝賀、提供幫助、約會(huì)、打、就餐、就醫(yī)、購(gòu)物、問路、談?wù)撎鞖?、語(yǔ)言交際困難、提醒注意、勸告、建議等20個(gè)工程。1.對(duì)職業(yè)提問：What does his father do" His father is a doctor.2.對(duì)人物身份提問：Who is the boy" He is my friend. 3.對(duì)人物性格提問：What is your

28、 teacher like" He is kind-hearted. 4.對(duì)人物長(zhǎng)相提問：What does Tom look like" He is very tall and has curly hair. 5.對(duì)天氣提問：How is the weather" It is very cold there. 6.對(duì)顏色提問：What color is your backpack" It is green and blue. 7.對(duì)時(shí)間提問：What time is it now" Its 7:00 now. 8.對(duì)星期提問：What day

29、 is today" Today is Tuesday. 9.對(duì)日期提問：What is the date today" Today is May 2, 2021. 10.對(duì)年齡提問：How old is your brother" He is 15 years old. 11.對(duì)延續(xù)時(shí)間段的提問：How long has Sally lived here" She has lived here for 5 years. 12.對(duì)距離的提問：How far is your school" It is half an hours walk fro

30、m here. 13.對(duì)動(dòng)作頻率的提問：How often does she go to visit her grandma" She goes to visit her grandma once a week. 14.對(duì)即將發(fā)生動(dòng)詞時(shí)間段的提問：How soon will the teacher be back" He will be back in a week. 15.對(duì)具體數(shù)量的提問：How many books did he buy" He bought 10 books. 16.對(duì)量或價(jià)錢的提問：How much does the shirt cost" It cost her 200 dollars.針對(duì)性練習(xí)：補(bǔ)全對(duì)話一(打+約會(huì)) A: Hello, may I speak to David" B: _.(1)A