必修三Unit3語(yǔ)法名詞性從句

1、賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句五個(gè)基本句型 1、主語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)： e.g. Henry is a businessman. 2、主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞：e.g. We arrive. 3、主語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)：e.g. Henry received a million pound bank note. 4、主語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+雙賓語(yǔ)雙賓語(yǔ)（間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓直接賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)）：）：e.g. Oliver gave Henry a letter. 5、主語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)）：賓補(bǔ)）：e.g.

2、 Henry found himself carried out by the strong wind. 注：其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。Related Conception (相關(guān)概念相關(guān)概念)1.名詞名詞: 表示人或事物的名稱(chēng)的詞叫名詞。表示人或事物的名稱(chēng)的詞叫名詞。2.名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分?名詞在句中主要作名詞在句中主要作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。1.Henry is a businessman.主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)2.Henry, a businessman ,received a million po

3、und bank note.主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 名詞性從句名詞性從句 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句在句中做主語(yǔ)從句在句中做- 賓語(yǔ)從句在句中做賓語(yǔ)從句在句中做-表語(yǔ)從句在句中做表語(yǔ)從句在句中做- 同位語(yǔ)從句在句中同位語(yǔ)從句在句中- 主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ) What made Henry puzzled was unknown. 主語(yǔ)從句 The two brothers think that its very funny. 賓語(yǔ)從句 The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid

4、hand, which. 表語(yǔ)從句 Henry, who was a businessman ,received a million pound bank note.同位語(yǔ)從句 What makes me admire her most is that she always believes that shes the best athlete in the world. 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句 （The Object Clause）賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起_作用，可以作作用，可以作動(dòng)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可以作，也可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ)介詞的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句必。賓語(yǔ)從句必須用須用_語(yǔ)序。語(yǔ)

5、序。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞有連詞有that，if，whether；連接代詞有連接代詞有who,whom,which,whose等；等；連接副詞有連接副詞有when，where，how， why等。等。賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)陳述陳述一.that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1. Oliver believes (that) a man could survive a month in London.2. Im afraid (that) I dont quite follow you,sir.3. I dont think (that) its very funny.4. My uncle said that he

6、 would come and that he would also bring his son.5.We all agree (that) it would be convient to go there by bus.1.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)：that 在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)無(wú)詞義，也不 充當(dāng)任何成分，且通?？梢允÷?。但如果含有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常只有第一個(gè)從句的that可以省略，其余從從句的句的that一般不能省略。一般不能省略。 2.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)： 否定轉(zhuǎn)移否定轉(zhuǎn)移:第一人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng) I, we 與動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞 think, consider, suppose猜想猜想, b

7、elieve, expect, guess, imagine等連用等連用, 其后的其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義, 一般要把否定一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上, 從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。I don t think that you are wrong. 1. 她她堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持要把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。要把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。 She insisted that she (should) organize the trip properly.2. 他他命令命令關(guān)閉所有的大門(mén)。關(guān)閉所有的大門(mén)。 He commanded that all the

8、gates (should) be shut.3. 我我建議建議他應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)。他應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)。 I suggested that he (should) study harder. 4. 老師老師要求要求我們和睦相處。我們和睦相處。 The teacher requests that we (should) get along well with each other.3.總結(jié)歸納：總結(jié)歸納： 在一些表示堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求等在一些表示堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求等意義的動(dòng)詞后，意義的動(dòng)詞后，that 賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)常用賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)常用（should+）動(dòng)詞原形，表示虛擬。）動(dòng)詞原形，表示

9、虛擬。1.堅(jiān)持：堅(jiān)持：insist2.命令：命令：order, command3.建議：建議：suggest, propose, advise4.要求：要求：desire, demand, require, request We think it necessary that everyone should form a good habit .動(dòng)詞+it+形容詞+that從句，it 為形式賓語(yǔ)，that從句為真正的賓語(yǔ)。 We think that middle school students master one foreign language possible . (改用形式賓語(yǔ) it

10、 )We think it possible that middle school students master one foreign language.4.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)： it?？梢苑旁趧?dòng)詞?？梢苑旁趧?dòng)詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作為等后作為形式賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ)，而，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)把真正的賓語(yǔ)-that從句后置從句后置,特別是在帶復(fù)特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中。合賓語(yǔ)的句子中。that一般不能省略。一般不能省略。 We heard it that she would get married next month. 我們聽(tīng)說(shuō)他下

11、個(gè)月要結(jié)婚了。我們聽(tīng)說(shuō)他下個(gè)月要結(jié)婚了。我不知道他來(lái)不來(lái)。我不知道他來(lái)不來(lái)。我想知道他來(lái)還是不來(lái)。我想知道他來(lái)還是不來(lái)。你們是在談?wù)撝麃?lái)還是不來(lái)嗎？你們是在談?wù)撝麃?lái)還是不來(lái)嗎？I dont know whether/if he will come.I want to know whether he will come or not.Are you talking about whether he will come? I wonder if youd mind us asking a few questions.二、二、whether/if whether/if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從

12、句5.5.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)：在賓語(yǔ)從句中，表示在賓語(yǔ)從句中，表示“是否是否”既可以用既可以用whether,whether,也可以用也可以用if.if.但是，但是，whetherwhether常與常與or or notnot連用；作介詞賓語(yǔ)只用連用；作介詞賓語(yǔ)只用whether.whether.Henry Adams does not know what he should do. (what在從句中作賓語(yǔ))2.Do you know who will be sent to work there?（who在從句中作主語(yǔ)）3.Can you find out whose wallet it i

13、s?(whose在從句中作定語(yǔ))4.Have you decided where you should have your holidays?（where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）5.She always think of how she can do more for the class.（how在從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)）6.Can I speak whoever is here?(作主語(yǔ))7.Henry didnt give us any reason about why she had been late for the meeting.(作原因狀語(yǔ)) 6.歸納總結(jié)： 連接代詞及連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從

14、句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問(wèn)句，連接詞都在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分。 She asked Tom_was the matter with his car.2.Will you tell me _ I can keep healthy?3.This depends on _the money we have is enough.4. Her wish is _she could lose weight soon.5. Could you tell me _ Marry lives?whatwherewhetherthathow自我檢測(cè)自我檢測(cè)1. The shocking news made me realiz

15、e _ terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why2. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where3. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which4. Cindy shut

16、the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. A. where B. whether C. that D. why5. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. A. what B. who C. how D. whysummary 一. that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 1.that省略情況 2.否定前移 3

17、.that賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 4.that從句中it 作形式賓語(yǔ) 二.whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 三、其他連接詞連接的賓語(yǔ)從句 考點(diǎn)主要有：引導(dǎo)詞，時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)序 that 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 that 僅起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在句中不僅起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋往往是對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。的作用。e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的從句稱(chēng)作表語(yǔ)從句。在

18、復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的從句稱(chēng)作表語(yǔ)從句。表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句2. whether 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 連接詞連接詞whether起連接作用，起連接作用， 意為意為“是否、究竟、到底是否、究竟、到底”（注意：（注意：if不能引不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句) 在句中也不作任何成分。在句中也不作任何成分。e.g. The question is whether what man will turn up in time.3.what, which, who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句連接代詞連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起連接作用

19、外，除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，且各有各的詞義。語(yǔ)，且各有各的詞義。The Predicative Clausee.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.4.

20、where, when, why, how引導(dǎo)的表引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)從句 連接副詞連接副詞where, when, why, how除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。The Predicative Clausee.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My stron

21、gest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5. 其他連詞其他連詞as if, because, as though 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句通常只用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。 as if/though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常置于連引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常置于連系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示等后面，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。The Predicative Cla

22、use名詞主語(yǔ)+be+that引起的表語(yǔ)從句在這種句型中，常用表示事實(shí)，真理的名詞，如：fact, truth 或表示看法，觀點(diǎn)的名詞，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主語(yǔ)。如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.注注 意：意： 在表語(yǔ)從句中，表在表語(yǔ)從句中，表“是否是否” 時(shí)，只能用時(shí)，只能用 “whether”不能

23、用不能用“If”。 一般情況下，一般情況下，“that”不能省。不能省。 It is /was because . It is /was why. 3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /whythat .1 . G o a n d g e t y o u r coat.Its_you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.where there BExercises2.The problem is_ he has enough time. if B. whether C

24、./ D. that B3.He made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which C4.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what B5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverB1.-Are you still thinking abou

25、t yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_ . A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析解析： 這是由這是由what 引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中充引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，這句話的意思為：那是使我感到興奮的事。故當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，這句話的意思為：那是使我感到興奮的事。故答案為答案為A。2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had a few days off? A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析解析:這是一個(gè)由這是一個(gè)由why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句,表示