必修三Unit3語法名詞性從句

1、賓語從句和表語從句賓語從句和表語從句五個基本句型 1、主語、主語+系動詞系動詞+表語表語： e.g. Henry is a businessman. 2、主語主語+不及物動詞不及物動詞：e.g. We arrive. 3、主語、主語+及物動詞及物動詞+賓語賓語：e.g. Henry received a million pound bank note. 4、主語、主語+及物動詞及物動詞+雙賓語雙賓語（間接賓語間接賓語+直接賓直接賓語語）：）：e.g. Oliver gave Henry a letter. 5、主語、主語+及物動詞及物動詞+復(fù)合賓語復(fù)合賓語（賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)）：賓補(bǔ)）：e.g.

2、 Henry found himself carried out by the strong wind. 注：其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。Related Conception (相關(guān)概念相關(guān)概念)1.名詞名詞: 表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。2.名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分?名詞在句中主要作名詞在句中主要作主語、表語、主語、表語、賓語和同位語賓語和同位語。1.Henry is a businessman.主語表語2.Henry, a businessman ,received a million po

3、und bank note.主語同位語賓語 名詞性從句名詞性從句 主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句主語從句在句中做主語從句在句中做- 賓語從句在句中做賓語從句在句中做-表語從句在句中做表語從句在句中做- 同位語從句在句中同位語從句在句中- 主語賓語表語同位語 What made Henry puzzled was unknown. 主語從句 The two brothers think that its very funny. 賓語從句 The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid

4、hand, which. 表語從句 Henry, who was a businessman ,received a million pound bank note.同位語從句 What makes me admire her most is that she always believes that shes the best athlete in the world. 賓語從句賓語從句 （The Object Clause）賓語從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語從句在復(fù)合句中起_作用，可以作作用，可以作動動詞的賓語詞的賓語，也可以作，也可以作介詞的賓語介詞的賓語。賓語從句必。賓語從句必須用須用_語序。語

5、序。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞有連詞有that，if，whether；連接代詞有連接代詞有who,whom,which,whose等；等；連接副詞有連接副詞有when，where，how， why等。等。賓語賓語陳述陳述一.that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1. Oliver believes (that) a man could survive a month in London.2. Im afraid (that) I dont quite follow you,sir.3. I dont think (that) its very funny.4. My uncle said that he

6、 would come and that he would also bring his son.5.We all agree (that) it would be convient to go there by bus.1.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)：that 在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時無詞義，也不 充當(dāng)任何成分，且通?？梢允÷?。但如果含有兩個或兩個以上的并列賓語從句時，通常只有第一個從句的that可以省略，其余從從句的句的that一般不能省略。一般不能省略。 2.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)： 否定轉(zhuǎn)移否定轉(zhuǎn)移:第一人稱第一人稱 I, we 與動詞與動詞 think, consider, suppose猜想猜想, b

7、elieve, expect, guess, imagine等連用等連用, 其后的其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義賓語從句若含有否定意義, 一般要把否定一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上, 從句謂語用肯定式。從句謂語用肯定式。I don t think that you are wrong. 1. 她她堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持要把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。要把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。 She insisted that she (should) organize the trip properly.2. 他他命令命令關(guān)閉所有的大門。關(guān)閉所有的大門。 He commanded that all the

8、gates (should) be shut.3. 我我建議建議他應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)。他應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)。 I suggested that he (should) study harder. 4. 老師老師要求要求我們和睦相處。我們和睦相處。 The teacher requests that we (should) get along well with each other.3.總結(jié)歸納：總結(jié)歸納： 在一些表示堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求等在一些表示堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求等意義的動詞后，意義的動詞后，that 賓語從句中謂語常用賓語從句中謂語常用（should+）動詞原形，表示虛擬。）動詞原形，表示

9、虛擬。1.堅(jiān)持：堅(jiān)持：insist2.命令：命令：order, command3.建議：建議：suggest, propose, advise4.要求：要求：desire, demand, require, request We think it necessary that everyone should form a good habit .動詞+it+形容詞+that從句，it 為形式賓語，that從句為真正的賓語。 We think that middle school students master one foreign language possible . (改用形式賓語 it

10、 )We think it possible that middle school students master one foreign language.4.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)： it?？梢苑旁趧釉~常可以放在動詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作為等后作為形式賓語形式賓語，而，而把真正的賓語把真正的賓語-that從句后置從句后置,特別是在帶復(fù)特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。合賓語的句子中。that一般不能省略。一般不能省略。 We heard it that she would get married next month. 我們聽說他下

11、個月要結(jié)婚了。我們聽說他下個月要結(jié)婚了。我不知道他來不來。我不知道他來不來。我想知道他來還是不來。我想知道他來還是不來。你們是在談?wù)撝麃磉€是不來嗎？你們是在談?wù)撝麃磉€是不來嗎？I dont know whether/if he will come.I want to know whether he will come or not.Are you talking about whether he will come? I wonder if youd mind us asking a few questions.二、二、whether/if whether/if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從

12、句5.5.歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)：在賓語從句中，表示在賓語從句中，表示“是否是否”既可以用既可以用whether,whether,也可以用也可以用if.if.但是，但是，whetherwhether常與常與or or notnot連用；作介詞賓語只用連用；作介詞賓語只用whether.whether.Henry Adams does not know what he should do. (what在從句中作賓語)2.Do you know who will be sent to work there?（who在從句中作主語）3.Can you find out whose wallet it i

13、s?(whose在從句中作定語)4.Have you decided where you should have your holidays?（where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語）5.She always think of how she can do more for the class.（how在從句中作方式狀語）6.Can I speak whoever is here?(作主語)7.Henry didnt give us any reason about why she had been late for the meeting.(作原因狀語) 6.歸納總結(jié)： 連接代詞及連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從

14、句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，連接詞都在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分。 She asked Tom_was the matter with his car.2.Will you tell me _ I can keep healthy?3.This depends on _the money we have is enough.4. Her wish is _she could lose weight soon.5. Could you tell me _ Marry lives?whatwherewhetherthathow自我檢測自我檢測1. The shocking news made me realiz

15、e _ terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why2. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where3. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which4. Cindy shut

16、the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. A. where B. whether C. that D. why5. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. A. what B. who C. how D. whysummary 一. that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 1.that省略情況 2.否定前移 3

17、.that賓語從句中的虛擬語氣 4.that從句中it 作形式賓語 二.whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 三、其他連接詞連接的賓語從句 考點(diǎn)主要有：引導(dǎo)詞，時態(tài)，語序 that 引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句 that 僅起連接作用，無意義，在句中不僅起連接作用，無意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對主句主語的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋往往是對主句主語的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。的作用。e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.在復(fù)合句中作表語的從句稱作表語從句。在

18、復(fù)合句中作表語的從句稱作表語從句。表語從句表語從句2. whether 引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句 連接詞連接詞whether起連接作用，起連接作用， 意為意為“是否、究竟、到底是否、究竟、到底”（注意：（注意：if不能引不能引導(dǎo)表語從句導(dǎo)表語從句) 在句中也不作任何成分。在句中也不作任何成分。e.g. The question is whether what man will turn up in time.3.what, which, who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句連接代詞連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起連接作用

19、外，除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語、表語、定還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語、表語、定語，且各有各的詞義。語，且各有各的詞義。The Predicative Clausee.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.4.

20、where, when, why, how引導(dǎo)的表引導(dǎo)的表語從句語從句 連接副詞連接副詞where, when, why, how除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀還充當(dāng)時間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語，本身具有詞義。語，本身具有詞義。The Predicative Clausee.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My stron

21、gest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5. 其他連詞其他連詞as if, because, as though 引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句 because引導(dǎo)表語從句通常只用于引導(dǎo)表語從句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。 as if/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句常置于連引導(dǎo)的表語從句常置于連系動詞系動詞look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虛擬語氣，表示等后面，常用虛擬語氣，表示不存在的動作或狀態(tài)。不存在的動作或狀態(tài)。The Predicative Cla

22、use名詞主語+be+that引起的表語從句在這種句型中，常用表示事實(shí)，真理的名詞，如：fact, truth 或表示看法，觀點(diǎn)的名詞，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主語。如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed against her husband.注注 意：意： 在表語從句中，表在表語從句中，表“是否是否” 時，只能用時，只能用 “whether”不能

23、用不能用“If”。 一般情況下，一般情況下，“that”不能省。不能省。 It is /was because . It is /was why. 3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /whythat .1 . G o a n d g e t y o u r coat.Its_you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.where there BExercises2.The problem is_ he has enough time. if B. whether C

24、./ D. that B3.He made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which C4.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what B5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverB1.-Are you still thinking abou

25、t yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_ . A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析解析： 這是由這是由what 引導(dǎo)的一個表語從句，在從句中充引導(dǎo)的一個表語從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語，這句話的意思為：那是使我感到興奮的事。故當(dāng)主語，這句話的意思為：那是使我感到興奮的事。故答案為答案為A。2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had a few days off? A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析解析:這是一個由這是一個由why引導(dǎo)的表語從句引導(dǎo)的表語從句,表示