現(xiàn)在完成時用法及練習(xí)

1、現(xiàn)在完成時用法及練習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)詳細講解及其練習(xí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時由“have/has過去分詞”構(gòu)成） 主要有兩個含義：表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響 和結(jié)果，常用的時間狀語有 many times, just, yet, ever, never, just ? already, so far, by now 等。I have already watched the TV play. 我已經(jīng)看 過這部電視劇了。（現(xiàn)在我對它不感興趣了）Have you found your lost pen yet?No, I haven ' t found ity哦很著急）表示動作或者狀態(tài)在過去已經(jīng)開

2、始，持續(xù) 到現(xiàn)在，也許還將持續(xù)下去。用于 延續(xù)性動詞， 常常與 so far、for 或者 since短語連用。since + 時間點/從句for +時間段）如for two months 等。二、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)和一般過去時態(tài)的區(qū)別1）現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都能表示過去發(fā)生 過的動作，但現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去動作對現(xiàn)在的 影響，并且表示這一動作已完成或還可能繼續(xù)下 去；2）而一般過去時與現(xiàn)在的情況沒有聯(lián)系，僅表 示過去的動作，且這一動作到說話時已終止。因 此現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表示明確的過去時間如： in1949, yesterday, last week 等的狀語連用，并 且用when或where對這

3、些時間和地點狀語提問 時，一般只用一般過去時。三、在 "it is first/secondtime that?！被蛟?“it/this/that is the + 最高級 + 名詞 +that?！苯Y(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句中的動詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時；在 “it + be+since從句”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，be可用一般現(xiàn)在 時或現(xiàn)在完成時，since從句一般用過去時。現(xiàn)在完成時可以和帶有 since或for等表示 "段時間”的狀語連用，表示動作或狀態(tài)從某一 時刻開始，一直持 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像 come, ar

4、rive, buy等終止性動詞不能與表示J段忙間”的 狀語連用。要用，必須改為 “be(在)等延續(xù)性動詞來表述。現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞 的轉(zhuǎn)換：arrive - be heredie - be dead begin(start) - be ocome back f be back fall川(sick,asleep) f be ill(sick,asieep)e f be away get up fbe up finish fbe over open be open close - be closecborrow - keep 或 be on fbe in 或 be a me

5、mber of go to school fbe a student buy have catch(a cold) - have(a cold) begin tostudy f study get to know - knowcome to work f work 等 如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍 三年了。His father has been dead for two years.他父親去 世二年了。The film has been on for ten minutes. 電影已開 始十分鐘了。We have studied Eng

6、lish for three years. 我們 (開始)學(xué)英語已三年了。幾點注意事項(1) have been(to)與 have gone( to)的區(qū)另1J: have been(to)表示 去過某地(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來 了)”，可用于 各人稱；have gone(to)表示 去 某地了 (說話時某人不在當?shù)?”，常用于第三 人稱)前者可與 once , never, several times 等 連用，后者則不能。He has been to Beijing.他去過北京(已經(jīng)回來He has gone to Beijing .他去北京了。(還沒有回來)have/has been in 待在

7、某地如：They have been in Beijing.他們呆在北京。(2)終止性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式，已變成 一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時間 的狀語連用。如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從 1997 年以 來，我一直沒有離開過這兒。現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)練習(xí)題一選擇填空。()2. Her father in1990 and her husbandfor more than five years.(A) died ,dead(B) has died, dead(C) died ,has been dead (D) has died, has

8、died()3. I have this nice watch for twoyears.(A) had (B) bought (C) borrowed (D) lend()4.He his home for ten years.(A)has left(B)left from(C)has been away from (D)was away from()5.He a league member for three years(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become()6.Lihua's brother has for two year

9、s(A)joined the army (C)become a soldier(B)been an army (D)been in the army()7.He hasn't Quanzhou ever since heleft school(A) left (B)beenaway (C)been (D)away二選擇填空()1.Have you finished your homeworkYes, I it last night(A) finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish()2.you ever to NanjingYe

10、s, I there last year.(A)Have gone, have gone (B)Did go, went (C)Have been , went (D)Did go, has , been )()3.When you Lucy inNew York?1 her for two years(A) did meet, haven'tseen (B)did meet, don't see (C)have met, haven't seen()4.He finished his homework yet .(A) didn ' (B)haven '

11、; t(C) hasn ' t(D) doesn ' t have()5.Have you traveled on thebanch?Yes, I have.(A)just (B)yet C)never (D)ever()6.Have you finished your homeworkNot(A)ever (B)already . (C)yet (D)just .()7 We haven't finished our homework ). (A)already ( (B)ever (C)yet (D)never()8.Have you learned English

12、?Yes, I've learned a lot.(A)never, ever (B)ever, never (C)ever, already (D)already. ever()9.Have you finished your homework?Yes, I've done that.(A) yet, already (B)already,yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just()10.John's father borrowed somepictures(A ) has just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)ha

13、ve already三用since和for填空1)two years two years ago 2) last month 3)yesterday 4) an hour ago 5)she left here 6) 4 o，c108k 19999)4 hours 10)lunch time1. He has lived in Nanjing the yearbefore last.2. I ' ve known him we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.4. She has been aw

14、ay from the city about ten years.5. It ' s about ten years she left thecity.四單項選擇題()1.My mother has worked in this factory2 years.(A) about ( (B)for (C)in (D)since()2. His father joined the party(A)since three years ago (B)in two years' time(C)for three years (D)three years ago3. The student

15、s have cleaned the classroom , ? A. so they B. don ' t they C. have they D. haven ' t they4.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we here for three years.A. have been toB. have been inC. have been D. have gone5.- How long you yourdictionary?-About two months.A. did; buy B. have; get C. have

16、; had D. have; bought6. He tells me he China for over fiveyears.A. has been B. has been inC. has been to D. has gone to China7.has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to Nanjing?1. How soon , comes B. How often, gotC. How long , came D. How far, arrived8. His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university9. He has never surfed,（改成反意疑 問句）？10. They have been here since 2000 .附劃線部 分提問）have they been here?11. The old man lastyear. He for a year