陜西科技大學(xué)期末考試復(fù)習題第六期

1、 陜西科技大學(xué)期末考試復(fù)習題第六期 陜西科技大學(xué) 編 機電過控系 審第一篇 過程設(shè)備制造與檢測10級試題陜西科技大學(xué)試題紙（A)課程 過程裝備制造與檢測 班級 過控10級 班 學(xué)號 姓名 題號一二三四五六七八九十總分得分閱卷人一，填空題，每空1分，共20分1，超聲波檢測的必要設(shè)備有 。增感屏的種類有 ，象質(zhì)劑的種類有 ，常選用 。2，焊接接頭的基本形式有 、 、 、 。3，按滲透劑的種類不同，滲透檢測的方法有 和 兩種。其中 法的檢測靈敏度高。 4，筒體的拼接焊縫，每節(jié)筒體縱向焊縫中心線間的弧長不應(yīng)小于 ，相鄰?fù)搀w縱向焊縫，中心間的弧長不得小于 ，封頭由瓣片和頂圓板拼制成時，焊縫方向只允許是

2、。5，在焊接熱循環(huán)中對焊接接頭組織、性能的影響，主要取決于 、 、 和 。6，常用的卷板機有 三種。封頭冷熱沖壓成型的選擇依據(jù)主要考慮 兩個因素。二，判斷，每題2分，共10分1，壓力容器分為多層和單層，且以多層運用較多。 （ ）2，焊后熱處理是將焊接裝備的整體或局部均勻加熱至金屬材料相變點以上的溫度范圍內(nèi),保持一定時間,然后均勻冷卻的過程. （ ）3，金屬的臨界變形率是指金屬材料冷彎后產(chǎn)生粗大再結(jié)晶晶粒的變形率，通常情況下，金屬的實際變形率應(yīng)該小于臨界變形率。 （ ）4，射線檢測利用X射線檢測時，按照照射質(zhì)量可以分為A 、B 、C 三個等級，鍋爐與部件的焊接質(zhì)量檢測等級應(yīng)該選用B 級。 （ ）

3、5，磁粉檢測磁化電流有交流和直流兩種，選用時選用交流磁化的原因是容易退磁。 （ ）三，簡答題，每題5分，共40分1，簡述鎢極氬弧焊的特點？2，鋼材凈化處理的操作內(nèi)容及其作用？3，簡述彎管時產(chǎn)生的缺陷和控制方法？4，射線檢測的準備工作？5，簡述壓力容器的發(fā)展特點？6，為什么壓力容器制造中，容器主要受壓零部件、承壓殼體的主焊縫（如殼體的縱縫和環(huán)焊縫等）采用全熔透的對接接頭？7，以低碳鋼為例簡要說明焊接接頭在組織、性能上較薄弱的區(qū)域是熱影響區(qū)中的過熱去？8，簡述等離子弧切割的特點及其在化工設(shè)備制造中的應(yīng)用？四，綜合，30分1,0Cr18Ni9Ti屬于何種鋼種？分析該種鋼的焊接性能？該類鋼種在焊接過程

4、中產(chǎn)生的主要問題及其控制措施？利用手工電弧焊焊接時，簡述其焊接工藝措施及選擇焊條？12分2，封頭的沖壓成形中，為什么采用壓邊圈可以防止折皺的產(chǎn)生？簡述球形封頭，橢圓形封頭和平頂封頭采用壓邊圈的條件？簡要分析半球形封頭在沖壓成型后的壁厚變化情況？12分3， 無折邊錐形封頭的展開計算，已知Dm=2000mm，dm=1200mm,=60。求展開后的圓心角，錐形封頭小端半徑r和大端半徑R。 6分 第二篇 過程設(shè)備設(shè)計10級試題陜西科技大學(xué) 試題紙課程 過程設(shè)備設(shè)計 班級 過控10級 班 學(xué)號 姓名 題號一二三四五六七八九十總分得分閱卷人一，問答題。50分1，壓力容器主要由哪幾部分組成？分別起什么作用？

5、2，單層厚壁圓筒承受內(nèi)壓時，其應(yīng)力分布有那些特征？當承受的內(nèi)壓很高時，能否僅用增加壁厚來提高承載能力，為什么？3，試述承受均布外壓的回轉(zhuǎn)殼破壞的形式，在設(shè)計時，需要校核的參數(shù)有哪些？并與承受均布內(nèi)壓的回轉(zhuǎn)殼作比較，它們有何異同？4，一容器殼體的內(nèi)壁溫度為，外壁溫度為，通過傳熱計算得出的元件金屬截面的溫度平均值為，請問設(shè)計溫度取哪個？選材以哪個溫度為依據(jù)？5，球形儲罐有哪些特點？設(shè)計球罐時應(yīng)考慮那些載荷？6，換熱設(shè)備有哪幾種主要形式？管殼式換熱器主要有哪幾種形式？7，除沫器布置在塔中的什么位置？作用是什么？8，攪拌軸的設(shè)計需要考慮哪些因素？9，法蘭連接時，影響其密封性能的因素有哪些？10，進行內(nèi)

6、壓凸形封頭設(shè)計時，接管對封頭計算厚度有什么影響？二，畫圖題，20分。1，繪制出開孔補強的幾種形式。6分2，繪制出至少三種折流板的形式。6分3，畫出伍德密封的原理結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖，并進行結(jié)構(gòu)標注說明，8分。三，一內(nèi)壓容器，設(shè)計（計算）壓力為4,4MPa，最高溫度為300；圓筒內(nèi)徑Di=2400mm，對接焊縫采用雙面全熔透焊接接頭，并進行局部無損檢測；工作介質(zhì)列毒性，非易燃，但對碳素鋼、低合金鋼有輕微腐蝕，腐蝕速率K0.1mm/a，設(shè)計壽命B=20年。材料為16MnR，計算圓筒，橢圓形封頭及錐殼的厚度，確定校核時的壓力。t=126Mpa（溫度為300），163Mpa（20度時），b=305Mpa（20度

7、）。20分四，一多層包扎式氨合成塔，內(nèi)徑Di=1600mm，設(shè)計壓力為30MPa，工作溫度小于200，內(nèi)筒材料為0Gr18Ni9Ti,層板材料為16MnR，取C2=2.0mm，試確定圓筒和包扎層的厚度。(t=114Mpa.)10分第三篇 綜合試題10級期末考試部分真題題1 單片機簡答題，40分1,MCS-51單片機基本特性.（單片機的組成部分？）按課本第二章第一節(jié)分類寫較好，以下供參考。8 位的 CPU，片內(nèi)有振蕩器和時鐘電路, 片內(nèi) 128/256字節(jié) RAM片內(nèi) 0K/4K/8K字節(jié) 程序存儲器ROM可尋址片外 64K字節(jié) 數(shù)據(jù)存儲器RAM可尋址片外 64K字節(jié) 程序存儲器ROM片內(nèi) 21

8、/26個 特殊功能寄存器（SFR）4個8位 的并行I/O口（PIO）1個 全雙工串行口（SIO/UART）2/3個16位 定時器/計數(shù)器（TIMER/COUNTER）可處理5/6個中斷源，兩級中斷優(yōu)先級內(nèi)置1個布爾處理器和1個布爾累加器（Cy）MCS-51指令集含111條指令2,80C51存儲空間配置圖.3,8031最小應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)4, MCS-51系列單片機能提供幾個中斷源、幾個中斷優(yōu)先級？各個中斷源的優(yōu)先級怎樣確定？在同一優(yōu)先級中，各個中斷源的優(yōu)先順序怎樣確定？各個中斷源的名稱和入口地址分別是？MCS-51系列單片機的外部中斷有哪兩種觸發(fā)方式？如何設(shè)置？對外部中斷源的中斷請求信號有何要求？答：

9、MCS-51系列單片機能提供5個中斷源，2個中斷優(yōu)先級。各個中斷源的優(yōu)先級是由特殊功能寄存器IP來確定，IP中和各個中斷源對應(yīng)位為1時，此中斷源為高優(yōu)先級，否則為低優(yōu)先級。在同一優(yōu)先級中，各個中斷源的優(yōu)先順序是由自然優(yōu)先級來確定的。MCS-51系列單片機的外部中斷有電平觸發(fā)和邊沿觸發(fā)兩種方式。是由特殊功能寄存器TCON中IT0,IT1的狀態(tài)確定的，如：IT0為1時外部中斷0為邊沿觸發(fā)方式，當INT0外部引腳出現(xiàn)下降沿時向CPU提出中斷請求， 否則為電平觸發(fā)方式，當INT0外部引腳出現(xiàn)低電平時向CPU提出中斷請求。計算簡答，30分5，設(shè)單片機晶振頻率為 6 MHz，要求定時器T0產(chǎn)生100ms的

10、定時，試確定計數(shù)初值及TMOD的內(nèi)容。 采用方式1 機器周期：T= 126 MHz= 2s 脈沖計數(shù)：C= 100ms/2s =5 104 則計數(shù)初值： TC= 216- 5 104 =15536 =3CB0HTMOD： T0 M1M0 =01，C/T=0，GATE=0 T1可任意設(shè)置 TMOD= 00000016、MCS-51有哪幾種尋址方式？舉例說明它們是怎樣尋址的？答：MCS-51指令系統(tǒng)的尋址方式有以下7種：立即尋址方式：操作數(shù)直接出現(xiàn)在指令中。直接尋址方式中：操作數(shù)的單元地址直接出現(xiàn)在指令中。寄存器尋址方式中：寄存器中的內(nèi)容就是操作數(shù)。寄存器間接尋址方式中，指定寄存器中的內(nèi)容是操作數(shù)

11、的地址，該地址對應(yīng)存儲單元的內(nèi)容才是操作數(shù)。變址尋址方式是以程序指針PC或數(shù)據(jù)指針DPTR為基址寄存器，以累加器A作為變址寄存器，兩者內(nèi)容相加（即基地址+偏移量）形成16位的操作數(shù)地址，相對尋址是以程序計數(shù)器PC的當前值作為基地址，與指令中的第二字節(jié)給出的相對偏移量rel進行相加，所得和為程序的轉(zhuǎn)移地址。位地址：內(nèi)部RAM地址空間的可進行位尋址的128位和SFR地址空間的可位尋址的11個8位寄存器的88位。位尋址給出的是直接地址。7，MOV A、#88HMOV R7，#AAHORL A、R7 ：A的內(nèi)容為： MOV A，#37HMOV R7，#89HANL A，R7 A的內(nèi)容為： XRL A，

12、R7 A的內(nèi)容為： _RET題2 電子技術(shù)20122013年第一學(xué)期電子技術(shù)考試題型回顧總結(jié)和原題匯總一，（本大題15分）請用3-8譯碼器74LSl38及必要的門電路設(shè)計一位二進制數(shù)的全減器電路。74ls138真值表未給出。二，（本大題15分）電路如圖所示，已知，要求:(1) 今測得，試求發(fā)射極電流以及晶體管的；(2) 欲將晶體管的集射極電壓減小到8V，試求RB應(yīng)調(diào)整為多大。(3) 畫出小信號等效電路,求電壓放大倍數(shù)、輸入電阻和輸出電阻。三74LS161是同步4位二進制加法計數(shù)器，其邏輯功能表如下，試分析下列電路是幾進制計數(shù)器，并畫出其狀態(tài)圖。（8分）74LS161邏輯功能表CTPCTTCPQ

13、3 Q2 Q1 Q00111CR LD CTP CTT D3 D2 D1 D0Q3 Q2 Q1 Q0CO74LS161CPCP&“1”“1”“1”101110101 0 0 0 0D3 D2 D1 D0Q3 Q2 Q1 Q0Q3 Q2 Q1 Q0 加法計數(shù)四、（10分）用74LS160和必要的門電路設(shè)計一個七進制計數(shù)器。五，試分析圖8.2.1所示時序邏輯電路（20122013期末a卷時序電路邏輯分析原題)15分 解：分析過程如下： 1.寫出各邏輯方程式 (1)這是一個同步時序電路，各觸發(fā)器CP 信號的邏輯表達式可以不寫。 (2)輸出方程 Z =Q1nQ0n (3)驅(qū)動方程 J0=1 K0=1

14、2.將驅(qū)動方程代入相應(yīng)的JK觸發(fā)器的特征方程，求得各觸發(fā)器的次態(tài)方程為： 3. 列狀態(tài)表，畫狀態(tài)圖和時序圖 列狀態(tài)表是分析時序邏輯電路的關(guān)鍵一步，其具體做法是：先填入電路現(xiàn)態(tài)Qn（本例中為Q1n ，Q0n ）的所有組合狀態(tài)以及輸入信號X的所有組合狀態(tài)，然后根據(jù)輸出方程及狀態(tài)方程，逐行填入當前輸出Z的相應(yīng)值，以及次態(tài)Qn+1（Q1n+1 ，Q0n+1）的相應(yīng)值。該電路的狀態(tài)表如表8.2.1。根據(jù)狀態(tài)表可作出狀態(tài)圖，如圖8.2.2所示。 設(shè)電路的初始狀態(tài)為Q1nQ0n=00，根據(jù)狀態(tài)表和狀態(tài)圖,可畫出在一系列CP脈沖作用下電路的時序圖，如圖8.2.3所示。 4.邏輯功能分析 由該例的狀態(tài)圖就可看出

15、，此電路是一個可控計數(shù)器。當X=0時，進行加法計數(shù)，在時鐘脈沖作用下，Q1Q0的數(shù)值從00到11遞增，每經(jīng)過4個時鐘脈沖作用后,電路的狀態(tài)循環(huán)一次。同時在Z 端輸出一個進位脈沖，因此，Z 是進位信號。當X=1時，進行減1計數(shù)，Z 是借位信號。 時序電路邏輯分析網(wǎng)址鏈接：六、（本大題7分）電路如圖所示，求：（1）指出A1，A2各構(gòu)成何種運算電路；（2）已知ui1=ui2=2V，電容C上的初始電壓為零，求u01，并寫出u0的表達式；（3）指出哪些運放存在虛地。第四篇 新世紀大學(xué)英語1. 大學(xué)英語綜合教程1一：whoever is not acquainted with foreign langua

16、ges knows nothing of his own二：language is not an abstract construction of the learned,or of dictionary-makers,but is something arising out of the work,needs,ties,joys,affections,tastes of long generations of humanity,and has its bases broad and low,close to the ground.三：i have not conquered Spanish

17、yet ,i am learning and understand what is said during training.i am progressing little by little,Spanish is very difficult for me,although i am getting used to it.i am making an effort.it is complicated.but if i can conquer Spanish,it will have been a great achievement .四：you have to do your own gro

18、wing no matter how tall your grandfather was.五：the day the child realizes that all adults are imperfect,he become an adolescent;the day he forgives them,he becomes an adult;the day he forgives himself,he become wise.六：when i was a boy of fourteen,my father was so ignorant that i could hardly stand t

19、o have the old man around.but when i got to be twenty-one,i was astonished at how much the old man had learned in seven years.七：like father,like son.八：nearly all men can stand adversity,but if you want to test a mans character,give him power.九：when we see men of worth,we should think of equaling the

20、m;when we see men of a contrary character,we should turn inwards and examine ourselves.十：too often we underestimate the power of a touch,a smile,a kind word,a listening ear,an honest compliment,or the smallest act of caring,all of which have the potential to turn a life around.十一： most of all other

21、beautiful things in life come by twos and threes,by dozens and hundreds.plenty of roses,stars,sunsets,rainbows,brothers and sisters,aunts and cousins,but only one motherin the whole word.十二：to understand your parents love you must raise children yourself.十三：my mother had a great deal of trouble with

22、 me,but i think she enjoyed it.十四：as long as you have the blessing of your parents,it does not matter even if you live in the mountains.十五：i have always thought of Christmas as a good time;a kind,forgiving,charitable,pleasant time;the only time i know of in the long calendar of the year,when men and

23、 women seem by one consent to open their shut-up hearts freely.十六：Christmas is the season for kindling the fire of hospitality in the hall,the genial flame of charity in the heart.十七：Christmas is not a time nor a season,but a state of mind.to cherish peace and goodwill to be merciful is to have the

24、real spirit of Christmas.十八：i like to listen.i have learned a great deal from listening carefully.most people never listen.十九：we must learn to live together as brothers or perish together as fools.二十：we have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen twice as much as we speak.二十一：education is not

25、the filling of a pail,but the lighting of a fire.二十二：you can not teach a man anything;you can only help him find it within himself.二十三：the things taught in schools and colleges are not an education,but the means to an education2. 大學(xué)英語綜合教程2一：study nature,love nature,stay close to nature.it will never

26、 fail you.二：look deep into nature,and then you will understand everything better三：we do not see nature with our eyes,but with our understandings and our hearts.四：the highest purpose is to have no purpose at all.this puts one in accord with nature,in her manner of operation.五：the saddest aspect of li

27、fe right now is that science gathers knowledge faster than society gathers wisdom.六：education makes machines which act like men and produces men who act like machines.七：The production of too many useful things results in too many useless people.八：it is difficult to say what is impossible,for the dre

28、ams of yesterday are the hopes of today,and the realities of tomorrow.九：knowledge is power十：to be conscious that you are ignorant is a great step to knowledge十一：knowledge is of no value unless you put it into practice.十二：perplexity is the beginning of knowledge.十三：work is something you can count on,

29、a trusted,lifelong friend who never deserts you.十四：you have achieved success in your field when you do not know whether what you are doing is work or play.十五：genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.十六：far and away the best prize that life has to offer is the chance to

30、work hard at work worth doing .十七：fame is a heavy burden.十八：the secret of success is constancy of purpose.十九：the highest form of vanity is love of fame.二十：many of lifes failures are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up.二十一：the talent of success is nothing more

31、than doing well whatever you do without a thought of fame.二十二：attitude has a little thing that makes a big difference.二十三：life is ten percent what happens to you and ninety percent how u respond to it.二十四：human beings,by changing the inner attitudes of their minds,can change the outer aspects of the

32、ir lives.二十五：when one door of happiness closes,another opens,but often we look so long at the closed door that we do not see the one which has been opened for us.二十六great things are not accomplished by those who yield to trends and fads and popular opinion.二十七：the saddest thing i can imagine is to g

33、et used to luxury.二十八：without frugality none can be rich,and with it very few would be poor.二十九：we are living beyond our means.as a people we have developed a lifestyle that is a draining the earth of its priceless and irreplaceable resources without regard for the future of our children and people

34、all around the world.三十：the decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation.三十一：all moral discipline,all moral perfection derives from the soul of literature.三十二：literature is the art of writing something that will be read twice.三十三：literature is the immortality of speech.3. 大學(xué)英語綜合教程3一：the w

35、eak can never forgive.forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.2 harmony makes small things grow,lack of it makes great things decay.3 a wise man will make haste to forgive,because he knows the true value of time,and will not suffer it to pass away in unnecessary pain.四：the purpose of life is a li

36、fe of purpose五：we make a living by what we get,we make a life by what we give六：live as you were to die tomorrow,learn as if you were to live forever七：a man who dares to waste one hour of time has not not discovered the value of life.八：always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more i

37、mportant than any one thing.九：success usually comes to those who are too busy to be looking for it.十：self-trust is the first secret of success十一：success is the ability to go from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm.十二：try not to become a man of success but rather to become a man of val

38、ue.十三：laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.十四：what seems to us as bitter trials are often blessings in disguise.十五：a pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity,an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty.十六：optimism is the faith that leads to achievement,nothin

39、g can be done without hope and confidence.十七：character,in the long run,is the decisive factor in the life of an individual and of nations alike.十八：we must remember that intelligence is not enough,intelligence plus character -that is the true goal of education.十九：trust men and they will be true to yo

40、u,treat them greatly,and they will show themselves great.二十：honesty is the first chapter of the book of wisdom.二十一：every child is an artist,the problem is how to remain an artist once he grows up.二十二：the world is but a canvas to the imagination.二十三：happiness is not in the mere possession of money,it

41、 lies in the joy of achievement,in the thrill of creative effort.二十四：imagination is the beginning of creation,you imagine what you desire,you will what you imagine and at last you create what you will二十五：many hands make light work.二十六：if everyone is moving forward together,the success takes care of

42、itself.二十七：talent wins games,but teamwork and intelligence win championships.二十八：a great person attracts great people and knows how to hold them together二十九：smooth seas do not make skillful sailors.三十：when it is dark enough,you can see the stars.三十一：adversity is the first path to truth.三十二：if we had

43、 no winter,the spring would not be so pleasant,if we did not sometimes taste of adversity,prosperity would not be so welcome4. 大學(xué)英語綜合教程4一：true friendship is a plant of slow growth.二：be slow in choosing a friend,slower in changing.三：a man should keep his friendships in constant repair.四：true friendsh

44、ip is like sound health,the value of it is seldom known until it is lost.五：the course of truelove never did run smooth.六：to fear love is to fear life,and those who fear life are already three parts dead.七：where does the family start?it starts with a young man falling in love with a girlno superior a

45、lternative has yet been found.八：it is not how much we do,but how much love we put in the doing.it is not how much we give,but how much love we put in the giving.九：happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life,the whole aim and end of human existence.十：we have no more right to consume happiness wi

46、thout producing it than to consume wealth without producing it.十一：the surest way to happiness is to lose yourself in a cause greater than yourself.the secret of happiness is not in doing what one likes,but in liking what one does十二：a healthy body is the guestchamber of the soul,a sick,its prison.十三：

47、cheerfulness is the best promoter of health and it as friendly to the mind as to the body.十四：money is the most envied,but the least enjoyed.health is the most enjoyed,but the least envied.十五：giving is the secret of a healthy life.not necessarily money,but whatever a man has of encouragement and symp

48、athy and understanding.十六：educations purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one.十七：the object of education is to prepare the young to educate themselves throughout their lives.十八：there are two types of educationone should teach us how to make a living, and the other how to live十九：we are bo

49、rn weak ,we need strength.helpless,we need aid;foolish,we need reason.all that we lack at birth,all that we need when we come to mans estate,is the gift of education.二十：variety is the very spice of life that gives it all its flavor.二十一：if man is to survive,he will have learned to take a delight in t

50、he essential differences between men and between cultures .he will learn that difference in ideas and attitudes are a delight,part of lifes exciting variety,not something to fear.二十二：i do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed.i want the cultures of all the lands

51、 to be blown about my house as freely as possible.but i refuse to be blown off my feet by any.二十三：other nations of different habits are not enemies:they are godsends,men require of their neighbors something sufficiently 第五篇 英語四六級If u can grasp the following phrases , the cet4 and cet6 is easy for u.

52、1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守。 2. be absent from. 缺席，不在 3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引的注意力(被動語態(tài)):be abso rbed in 全神貫注于近:be engrossed in ; be lost&nbs p;in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ;& nbsp;be focused on ; be centered on 5. (be)

53、abundant in(be rich in; be well supplie d with) 富于,富有 6. access(to) (不可數(shù)名詞) 能接近,進入,了解 7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without a ccident(=safely) 安全地, 8. of ones own accord(=without being asked; willing ly; freely)自愿地 ,主動地 9. in accord with 與一致 &nb sp; . &nbs p; out of ones&n bsp;accord with 同.不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一