江蘇高考英語專題一語法知識(shí)：形容詞與副詞精選

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上江蘇高考英語專題一語法知識(shí)：形容詞與副詞1Only five years after Steve Jobs death，smart-phones defeated _ PCs in sales.(2017江蘇，29)Acontroversial BcontradictoryCconfidential Dconventional答案D解析句意為：僅僅在史蒂夫喬布斯去世五年之后，智能手機(jī)的銷售額就打敗了傳統(tǒng)的個(gè)人電腦.語境提到smart-phones(智能手機(jī))，與之對(duì)應(yīng)的PCs(personal )應(yīng)該用形容詞conventional修飾，表示“傳統(tǒng)的”.controv

2、ersial有爭(zhēng)議的；contradictory自相矛盾的；confidential機(jī)密的.故選D.2The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But _ explanations are hard to find.(2017江蘇，34)Aalternative BaggressiveCambiguous Dapparent答案A解析句意為：恐龍的滅絕不一定是因?yàn)樘祗w的碰撞，但也難以找到別的解釋.空格處與前面的“未必”(not necessarily)呼應(yīng)，這里用alte

3、rnative表示“另外的，可替代的”.aggressive好斗的，挑釁的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，不明確的；apparent顯而易見的，明白的.3I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment.Im sorry，but he is not _ at the moment，for the meeting hasnt ended.(2017天津，3)Abusy BactiveCconcerned Davailable答案D解析句意為：我想見懷特先生.我們已經(jīng)約好了.很抱歉，但是此刻他沒空(available)，因?yàn)闀?huì)議還沒有結(jié)束.D項(xiàng)availa

4、ble可表示“(人)有空的”，符合語境.busy忙碌的；active活躍的；concerned擔(dān)憂的.4His surveys have provided the most _ statements of how，and on what basis，data are collected.(2016江蘇，31)Aexplicit Bambiguous Coriginal Darbitrary 答案A解析句意為：他全面的調(diào)查提供了關(guān)于如何收集信息及在什么基礎(chǔ)上收集信息的最清楚明確的說明.explicit清楚的，明晰的，詳述的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，含糊不清的；original起初的，原來的

5、；arbitrary任意的，隨心所欲的.5A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，_ if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江，13)Aeventually BstrangelyCmerely Despecially答案D解析句意為：突然停下來可能是一次非?？膳碌慕?jīng)歷，尤其是你正在高速行駛時(shí).especially特別，尤其，符合語境.eventually最終；strangely奇怪地；merely僅僅，只.6In this article，you need to back up gene

6、ral statements with _ examples.(2016浙江，16)Aspecific BpermanentCabstract Duniversal答案A解析句意為：在這篇文章里，你需要用具體的例子來支持你的總體陳述.specific具體的，特定的；permanent永久的；abstract抽象的；universal通用的，普遍的.根據(jù)句意可知選A.7I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _ in the years.(2016浙江，18)Alittle more Bno

7、moreCmuch more Dmany more答案D解析句意為：我一直喜歡你組織的所有活動(dòng)，希望在未來幾年里我能參加更多的活動(dòng).many more后省略了events.根據(jù)句意可知選D.8The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _ review of the case.(2015江蘇，31)A BCconscious Dcrucial答案A解析句意為：警官們決定對(duì)該案件進(jìn)行一次徹底和全面的審查.e綜合的，廣泛的；d復(fù)雜的；conscious有意識(shí)的；crucial至關(guān)重要的.根據(jù)and判斷，所填詞和thorough(徹底的

8、，細(xì)致的)意思相近，故選A項(xiàng).9Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive.(2015浙江，13)Asteadily BinstantlyCformerly Dpermanently答案C解析句意為：我們大多數(shù)人，如果對(duì)食物來源多少知道一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的話，就會(huì)明白我們嘴里的每一口食物從前都是有生命的.formerly以前，從前，符合語境.steadily穩(wěn)固地，堅(jiān)定地，不動(dòng)搖地；instantly立刻，馬上

9、；permanently永久地，長(zhǎng)期不變地.10Listening is thus an active，not a _，behavior consisting of hearing，understanding and remembering.(2015浙江，14)Aconsiderate BsensitiveCreliable Dpassive答案D解析句意為：聆聽是一種積極的行為，而不是被動(dòng)的接受，它涉及聽、理解和記憶.passive被動(dòng)的，消極的，與前面的active對(duì)應(yīng).considerate體貼的，體諒的；sensitive易受傷害的，易受影響的，敏感的；reliable可靠的，可信賴

10、的.11Im so_ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.(2015安徽，26)Aspecial BsuperiorCgrateful Dattractive答案C解析句意為：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因?yàn)樗麄儙臀矣淇斓亟Y(jié)束了糟糕的一天.special特殊的；superior優(yōu)越的，超過；grateful感激的；attractive有吸引力的.根據(jù)句意可知，這里是在向志愿者表達(dá)感激之情，故選C.12They gave money to the old peoples home either

11、_ or through their (2015安徽，31)Alegally BsincerelyCpersonally Ddeliberately答案C解析句意為：他們或者親自或者通過他們的公司向敬老院捐錢.legally合法地，法律上；sincerely真誠(chéng)地，由衷地，誠(chéng)懇地；personally親自地，當(dāng)面地，個(gè)別地，就自己而言；deliberately故意地，謹(jǐn)慎地，慎重地.根據(jù)s可知personally為正確答案.13It was _ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.(2015福建，23)Acar

12、eless BconsiderateCpatient Dgenerous答案B解析句意為：Michael通知我們他要遲一會(huì)兒以防我們擔(dān)心，想得真周到.本句使用了It is/was considerate of sb.to do sth.這一結(jié)構(gòu).careless粗心的；considerate考慮周到的；patient有耐心的；generous慷慨的，大方的.14Even though the conference hall is near his apartment，he has to hurry a little if he wants to be _.(2015湖北，27)Aaccurat

13、e BpunctualCefficient Dreasonable 答案B解析句意為：盡管會(huì)議大廳靠近他的公寓，如果他想要守時(shí)，他還是要快一點(diǎn).accurate精確的；punctual準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，守時(shí)的；efficient高效的，生效的；reasonable合理的.故選B.15I dont think what he said is _ to the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.(2015湖北，28)Afaithful Bparallel Crelevant Dsimilar答案C解析句意為：我認(rèn)為，他說的話與我們討論的主題無關(guān)，

14、他偏離了重點(diǎn).be faithful to忠誠(chéng)于；be parallel to與平行，與類似；be relevant to與相近，與相關(guān)；be similar to與相似.故選C.16The girl used to be shy，but is _ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.(2015湖北，29)Agradually BusuallyCpreviously Dmerely答案A解析句意為：這個(gè)女孩以前很害羞，但是正逐漸地在小組活動(dòng)中變得積極起來，而且更愿意表達(dá)自己了.根據(jù)題干中的is和

15、getting可知，這里表示循序漸進(jìn)的過程，故選gradually(逐漸地).usually通常；previously先前地；merely僅僅.17Andy is content with the toy.It is_ he has ever got.(2015四川，7)Aa better Bthe betterCa best Dthe best答案D解析句意為：Andy對(duì)這個(gè)玩具很滿意.這是他得到的最好的玩具.根據(jù)上一句話可知，下一句應(yīng)用最高級(jí)，故選D. 18The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselv

16、es and not follow others _.(2014浙江，13)Ablindly BunwillinglyCclosely Dcarefully答案A解析句意為：教育的宗旨是教會(huì)年輕人自己思考，而不是盲從別人.blindly盲目地，符合句意.unwillingly不情愿地；closely密切地；carefully仔細(xì)地.19My good performance in the job interview left me _ about my future and about what I can do here.(2014安徽，27)Apuzzled BsensitiveCopti

17、mistic Dembarrassed答案C解析句意為：我在求職面試中的良好表現(xiàn)讓我對(duì)未來以及在這里我所能做的事持樂觀的態(tài)度.puzzled困惑的；sensitive敏感的；optimistic樂觀的；embarrassed尷尬的.根據(jù)句意選C項(xiàng).20With online shopping increasingly popular，the Internet is seen as a(n) _ way of reaching target customers.(2014福建，24)Atemporary BCaccurate Defficient答案D解析句意為：隨著網(wǎng)購變得越來越流行，網(wǎng)絡(luò)被看

18、作是一種吸引目標(biāo)顧客的有效方法.efficient有效的，符合句意.temporary臨時(shí)的；x復(fù)雜的；accurate精確的.一、比較級(jí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題1排斥問題：要避免主語和本身相比，即在同一范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，必須用other或else，將比較的一方排除在外；反之，則不用.China is larger than any other country in Asia.(同一范圍)中國(guó)比亞洲的其他任何國(guó)家都大.China is larger than any country in Africa.(不同范圍)中國(guó)比非洲的任何國(guó)家都大.2替代問題：在比較從句中為了避免重復(fù)，我們通常用that(th

19、ose)或one(ones)來代替前面已出現(xiàn)的名詞.若代替不可數(shù)名詞用that，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用those代替.The weather of this year is better than that of last year.今年的天氣比去年的好.Necklaces made of glass are far cheaper than those made of diamond.玻璃項(xiàng)鏈要比鉆石項(xiàng)鏈便宜很多.3倍數(shù)問題：倍數(shù)詞要放在比較級(jí)前.Our room is twice larger than yours.我們的房間比你們的房間大兩倍.4最高級(jí)比較的范圍前面用in還是用of，主要是看是否

20、為同類相比，同類相比用of，不同類相比用in.Jiang Tao is the tallest of the boys.江濤在男同學(xué)中最高.Jiang Tao is the tallest in his class.江濤是全班同學(xué)中最高的.二、多個(gè)形容詞作定語的順序如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的形容詞來修飾名詞，要根據(jù)它們與名詞的關(guān)系的密切程度來確定它們的先后位置，與名詞關(guān)系越密切的越靠近名詞，越疏遠(yuǎn)的越遠(yuǎn)離名詞.其順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~數(shù)詞描繪詞(好、壞、美、丑等)大小、長(zhǎng)短、形狀、新舊、顏色出處材料性質(zhì)作用、類別名詞.如：a tall white building一座高大的白色建筑；a beautiful

21、 large green Chinese carpet一條漂亮的大的綠色的中國(guó)地毯.三、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)梳理1副詞very可以修飾形容詞，但不能修飾動(dòng)詞.(錯(cuò))I very like English.(對(duì))I like English very much.2形容詞most前面沒有the，不表示最高級(jí)的含義，只表示“非?！?It is a most important problem.It is a very important problem.3有些副詞有兩種形式，一個(gè)與形容詞同形，一個(gè)以-ly結(jié)尾.但它們的含義是不同的.close接近地；closely仔細(xì)地，密切地free 免費(fèi)地；freely自由地

22、，無拘束地hard努力地；hardly幾乎不late晚，遲；lately近來most極，非常；mostly主要地wide廣闊地，充分地；widely廣泛地high高；highly高度地，非常地deep深；deeply(抽象意義)深深地loud大聲地；loudly大聲地(含有喧鬧的意思)near臨近；nearly幾乎1In contrast with the liberal social climate of the present，traditions in the past were relatively _. (2017蘇北六市聯(lián)考，26)A BCcreative Dconservativ

23、e 答案D解析句意為：與現(xiàn)在的自由的社會(huì)風(fēng)氣相比，過去的傳統(tǒng)是相對(duì)保守的.e競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的；e全面的，詳盡的，徹底的；creative創(chuàng)造性的；conservative保守的.由題干中的liberal“自由的，開明的”及in contrast with可知，所選答案應(yīng)與之意義相反，故選D項(xiàng).2The zoo has over the years provided valuable support for the conservation of the giant panda，which is _ appreciated by the Chinese government and peopl

24、e.(2017溧水高級(jí)中學(xué)二模，29)Aheavily BnearlyChighly Dhardly答案C解析句意為：這個(gè)動(dòng)物園多年來為保護(hù)大熊貓?zhí)峁┝藢氋F的支持，這得到了中國(guó)政府和人民的高度贊賞.highly非常地，高度地，符合句意.heavily沉重地，猛烈地；nearly幾乎，差不多；hardly幾乎不.3It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music，but it is _ another to play it well yourself.(2017啟東中學(xué)月考，24)Aquite BveryCrather Dmuch答案A解析句意為：

25、喜歡聽好的音樂是一回事，能自己演奏好是另一回事.one thing.quite another.是固定搭配.quite完全地，實(shí)際地；very非常；rather相當(dāng)，寧可；much非常，很.故選A項(xiàng).4Each ticket，unless stated _，admits only one person.(2017啟東中學(xué)月考，30)Aotherwise BelseCothers Drather答案A解析句意為：每一張票除非另外注明，否則只允許一個(gè)人進(jìn)入.此處用otherwise表示“另外地”來修飾state一詞；B項(xiàng)的else也可以表示“另外地”，但通常只用來修飾不定代詞或疑問代詞且放在它們的

26、后面.故選A項(xiàng).5I dont agree with canceling all large celebrations or events just because of one accident.“Once bitten，twice shy” is not a (n) _ response.What we need to do is learn the lessons.(2017南京九中學(xué)情調(diào)研，28)Aspiritual BconsiderateCefficient Dappropriate答案D解析句意為：我不贊成僅僅因?yàn)橐淮问鹿示腿∠写笮蛻c?；顒?dòng).“一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩”是不恰當(dāng)

27、的反應(yīng)，我們要做的是吸取教訓(xùn).appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)?，合適的，符合句意.spiritual精神的，心靈的；considerate體貼的，體諒的，考慮周到的；efficient效率高的，有能力的.故選D.6You are to meet with frustration in the pursuit of success and through greater effort and hard work your dream will definitely true.Put it _，“No pains，no gains.”(2017南京九中學(xué)情調(diào)研，34)Afrequently Bsimp

28、lyCopenly Dfirmly答案B解析句意為：在追求成功的過程中，你會(huì)遇到挫折，通過更大的努力和勞動(dòng)，你的夢(mèng)想一定會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn).簡(jiǎn)單地說，“不勞則無獲”.put it simply簡(jiǎn)單地說，符合句意，故答案為B.7Sometimes，we say，“I love you” to our parents or _ others when we hang up the phone，not because we mean it，but out of habit.(2017南京學(xué)情調(diào)研，33)Asignificant BintelligentCremarkable Ddistinguished答案A解

29、析句意為：有時(shí)，我們掛斷電話前對(duì)我們的父母或者其他重要的人說“我愛你”不是因?yàn)槲覀兊谋疽舛浅鲇诹?xí)慣.significant重要的，有意義的；intelligent聰明的，有才智的；remarkable非凡的，引人注目的；distinguished卓越的，杰出的，尊貴的，高尚的.8What made them miss the deadline was not their lack of funding，but _ their lack of planning.(2017南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州、淮安三模，30)Aeven BstillCrather Dever 答案C解析句意為：使他們錯(cuò)過最后期限的

30、不是他們?nèi)鄙儋Y金，而是他們?nèi)鄙僖?guī)劃.not.but rather.不是而是，為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C項(xiàng).9Theres little chance that we will succeed in changing our fate._，it is important that we try.(2017泰州中學(xué)摸底考試，29)AMeanwhile BNeverthelessCOtherwise DTherefore答案B解析句意為：我們能成功改變命運(yùn)的機(jī)會(huì)不大，雖然如此，試一試還是很重要的.nevertheless然而，不過，雖然如此，符合句意.meanwhile同時(shí)，其間；otherwise否則，另

31、外；therefore因此，所以.故選B項(xiàng).10If they throw stones at you，dont throw back.Use them to build your own foundation _.(2017南京三模，27)Asomehow BanywayCinstead Dnevertheless答案C解析句意為：如果他們向你扔石塊，別扔回去.相反，用這些石塊建造你自己的地基.somehow以某種方式，不知怎么地；anyhow無論如何；nevertheless然而，均不符合句意.instead相反，反而，此處相當(dāng)于instead of throwing back，故選C項(xiàng).

32、11There are no _ proposals to reduce the road accidents.We are still seeking inspiration.(2017南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州、淮安三模，21)Acontradictory BconcreteCconfidential Dcontroversial答案B解析句意為：對(duì)于減少交通事故，還沒有具體的建議.我們?nèi)栽趯ふ异`感.concrete具體的，有形的，實(shí)在的，符合句意.contradictory相互矛盾的，相互對(duì)立的；confidential機(jī)密的，秘密的；controversial有爭(zhēng)議的，引起爭(zhēng)論的.12The m

33、an was in a _ condition with severe injuries to his legs after being attacked by a shark in far north Queensland.(2017蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模，25)Askeptical BcriticalCpractical Dphysical答案B解析句意為：在昆士蘭最北邊被鯊魚襲擊之后，這位男子腿部傷勢(shì)嚴(yán)重，病情危急.skeptical懷疑的；practical實(shí)際的，實(shí)用的；physical物理的，身體的，物質(zhì)的，以上三個(gè)形容詞與condition搭配，都與語境不符.critical批評(píng)的，嚴(yán)

34、重的，(病情)危急的，in a critical condition病情危急，符合語境.故選B項(xiàng).13Men are anxious to improve their circumstances，but are unwilling to improve themselves；_，they remain trapped.(2017蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模，28)Abesides BthereforeChowever Dinstead答案B解析句意為：人們急于改善他們的境況，卻不愿意提高自身，因此，他們一直處于困境中.besides而且，表遞進(jìn)；therefore因此，所以，表因果；however然而，表

35、轉(zhuǎn)折；instead而是，反而，表示一種替代.根據(jù)句意可知，此處為因果關(guān)系，故選B項(xiàng).14Despite her recent surgery she has been carrying on _.(2016揚(yáng)州一模，26)Aconsequently BotherwiseClikewise Dregardless答案D解析consequently因此，因而；otherwise否則，要不然，另一方面；likewise同樣的，也，而且；regardless不顧后果地，不管怎樣，無論如何.句意為：盡管她最近做了手術(shù)，但她還是不顧后果地繼續(xù)努力.根據(jù)句意可知選D.15Learning from _ m

36、istakes can help us keep conscious and avoid repeating them in the days to (2016蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模，34)Aprevious BcuriousCobvious Dridiculous答案A解析句意為：吸取以前的錯(cuò)誤可以幫助我們保持清醒，避免在未來的日子重復(fù)這些錯(cuò)誤. previous以前的；curious好奇的；obvious明顯的；ridiculous荒謬的.16The economy of the last quarter was much stronger than _ predicted，driven by a rare increase in government spending.(2016揚(yáng)州中學(xué)質(zhì)監(jiān)，24)Avaguely BrandomlyCconsistently Doriginally答案D解析句意為：在政府支出增長(zhǎng)罕見的推動(dòng)下，上一季度的經(jīng)濟(jì)