Friendship-grammar學(xué)案(1)

1、Friendship-grammar學(xué)案人教版新課標(biāo)?一unit直截了當(dāng)引語變直接引語引述不人的話有兩種方法：一是運(yùn)用引號引出人家的原話，這叫做直截了當(dāng)引語；一是用本人的話把人家的話轉(zhuǎn)述出來，這叫做直接引語。比方：Johnsaid,"ImgoingtoLondonwithmyfather."約翰說："我要跟父親到倫敦去。"引號內(nèi)是直截了當(dāng)引語JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.約翰說，他要跟他父親去倫敦。賓語從句是直接引語怎樣變?nèi)朔Q;上面有一句順口溜“一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新?！耙浑S主是指在直截了

2、當(dāng)引語變直接引語時，假如從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所潤飾。從句中的人稱要依照主句中主語的人稱變更如：Shesaid：“Mybrotherwantstogowithme.Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.“二隨賓是指直截了當(dāng)引語變直接引語時，假定從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱?；虮坏诙四闼鶟欙?。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語分歧。假如引號外的主句不賓語。也能夠用第一人稱，如：HesaidtoKate,“Howisyoursisternow?HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen?！暗谌朔Q不更新是指直截了當(dāng)引語變直接引語時。假

3、如從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所潤飾從句中的人稱普通不需求變更如：MrSmithsaid,“Jackisagoodworker.MrSmithsaidJackwasagoodworker.二、怎樣變時態(tài)：直截了當(dāng)引語在改為直接引語時，時態(tài)需求做響應(yīng)的調(diào)劑。如今時它需改為過來時態(tài)；過來時態(tài)改為實(shí)現(xiàn)時；過來實(shí)現(xiàn)時那么保存本來的時態(tài)。如：1)Shesaid,"Ihavelostapen."Shesaidshehadlostapen2)Shesaid,"Wehopeso."Shesaidtheyhopedso.3)Shesaid."Hewi

4、llgotoseehisfriend."Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend.但要留意在以下多少種狀況下。在直截了當(dāng)引語變?yōu)橹苯右Z時，時態(tài)普通穩(wěn)定更。直截了當(dāng)引語是客不雅真諦。"Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth。直截了當(dāng)引語是過來進(jìn)展時，時態(tài)穩(wěn)定。如：Jacksaid."John,where

5、wereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?"JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet。直截了當(dāng)引語中有詳細(xì)的過來某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)橹苯右Z時，時態(tài)穩(wěn)定。如：XiaoWangsaid,"IwasbornonApril2l,1980。"XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980。直截了當(dāng)引語假如是普通如今時。表現(xiàn)一種重復(fù)呈現(xiàn)或適應(yīng)性的舉措，變直接引語，時態(tài)穩(wěn)定。如：Hesaid,"Igetupatsixeverymorning.&q

6、uot;Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning。假如直截了當(dāng)引語中的神態(tài)動詞不過來時的方法例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)跟曾經(jīng)是過來時的方法時，例：could,should,would,might不再變。如：Petersaid."Youhadbettercomehavetoday."PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday。三、怎樣變狀語：直截了當(dāng)引語變直接引語，狀語變更有其內(nèi)涵規(guī)津，時刻狀語由“如今改為“本來例：now變?yōu)閠hen,yesterday。變?yōu)閠hedaybefore所在狀語，尤其表現(xiàn)偏

7、向性的，或用唆使代詞潤飾的狀語，由“此改為“彼例：this改為that),如：Hesaid,"Thesebooksaremine."Hesaidthosebookswerehis.四、怎樣變句型：直截了當(dāng)引語假如是陳說句，直接引語應(yīng)改為由that領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：Shesaid,"Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes."Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直截了當(dāng)引語假如是反意疑咨詢句，選擇疑咨詢句或普通疑咨詢句，直接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的賓語從句.如：Hesai

8、d,"Canyouswim,John?"HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim."Youhavefinishedthehomework,haventyou?"mymotherasked.MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework."Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?"HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.直截了當(dāng)引語假如是特別咨詢句，直接引語應(yīng)當(dāng)改為由疑咨詢代詞或疑咨詢副詞領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的賓語從句賓語從句必需用陳說句語序。Sh

9、easkedme,"Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?"Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.直截了當(dāng)引語假如是祈使句，直接引語應(yīng)改為"tell(ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth."句型。如："Dontmakeanynoise,"shesaidtothechildren.Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise."Bringmeacupoftea,please,"saidshe.Sheaskedh

10、imtobringheracupoftea.直截了當(dāng)引語假如是以“Lets掃尾的祈使句，變?yōu)橹苯右Z時，平日用“suggest+動句詞或從句。如：Hesaid,"Letsgotothefilm."Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.附：響應(yīng)的變更表現(xiàn)時刻的詞nowthentodaythatdaythisweek(month,etc)thatweek(month,etc)yesterdaythedaybeforelastweek(month)theweek(month)befor

11、ethreedays(ayear)agothreedays(ayear)beforetomorrowthenext(following)daynextweek(monththenext(following)week(month)唆使代詞Thisthatthesethose表所在的詞herethere動詞bringtakecomego語法訓(xùn)練將所給直截了當(dāng)引語變?yōu)橹苯右Z，每空一詞：1.“Inevereatmeat.hesaid.Hesaidthat_never_meat.2.“Ivefoundmywallet.hesaidtome.He_methathe_wallet.3.“Itookitho

12、mewithme.shesaid.Shesaidthat_ithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.Theteachersaidthatthesun_intheeastand_downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday.hesaidtome.He_methathe_mettheday_.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.hesaid.HesaidthatI_togo_beforefive.7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago

13、.hesaid.Hesaidthathe_boughtthehouse10years_.8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?hesaid.He_Ihadseenhertheweek_.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.He_Jimthathe_sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?Heaskedhermother_foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?heasked.Heaskedme_been_days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?heasked.Heasked_knewwhereshe_.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.hesaid.He_thechildren_makingsomuchnoise.14.“Donttellhimthenews.shesaid.Shetoldme_himthenews.15.“Areyouintestedinthis?hesaid.He_Iwasinterestdin_.參考謎底1.he;ate2.told;ha