中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)詳解 (2)課件

1、關(guān)于中考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)詳解 (2)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第1頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成nbe 動(dòng)詞n助動(dòng)詞n情態(tài)動(dòng)詞n系動(dòng)詞n實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第2頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)be 動(dòng)詞nbe動(dòng)詞的幾種形式nam is arenwas werenbeingnBeen 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第3頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)be動(dòng)詞的用法n與名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞連用nI am a doctor.nHe is ten.nThey are tired.nThe cat is under the table. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第4頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)be動(dòng)詞的用法 nThere be 句型n用于不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)之前There is a pen on the

2、 desk.There is some water in the glass.n用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前There are some sheep in the hill.n用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday.n用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)There was a book on the desk yesterday.注意：請(qǐng)根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)和句中的名詞選擇適當(dāng)形式?，F(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第5頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)be動(dòng)詞的用法nBe 動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)中的運(yùn)用n在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中 We are talking.n在過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中 We were talking at thi

3、s time yesterday. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第6頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)助動(dòng)詞n助動(dòng)詞的幾種形式ndo /dont nDoes/ doesntnDid/ didntnwill /wontnhave havent /has hasnt/had hadnt 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第7頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)助動(dòng)詞的用法 n對(duì)句子進(jìn)行否定和疑問(wèn)nDo you get up early every day?nI didnt have lunch yesterday.nWill you be back soon?nHe hasnt finished the work yet.n在反意疑問(wèn)句中nHe works in a school

4、,doesnt he?nShe has never been there,has she?n在倒裝句中nThey helped the farmers , so did we.nI wont visit the famous singer,neither will he.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第8頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞n共同特點(diǎn) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)詞原型 無(wú)論否定、疑問(wèn)、倒裝句、或反意疑問(wèn)句都用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 只有時(shí)態(tài)變化，沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)變化 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第9頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 n解釋ncan / could在表示請(qǐng)求允許的時(shí)候兩者和互換， could比can語(yǔ)氣更委婉。Can I help you?Could yo

5、u open the window?在表示有能力作某事時(shí)，could是can的過(guò)去式。I can swim.I could swim at the age of five.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第10頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 n解釋nMust /have toMust 表示主觀意愿，否定句用Mustnt，否定回答用needntI must go now.You mustnt play in the street.Must I clean the room now?No,you neednt.have to表示客觀條件的限制的“不得不”，它有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱(chēng)變化，需要助動(dòng)詞來(lái)否定和疑問(wèn)。I dont have to

6、 carry the big box.He had to wash his clothes.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第11頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞n解釋nMay 表示請(qǐng)求別人允許。May I use your bike?表示可能性。He may be a teacher.He may live in this building. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第12頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)系動(dòng)詞 n我們所學(xué)過(guò)的系動(dòng)詞是nGet，turn，be come，be動(dòng)詞n感觀動(dòng)詞look，sound，smell，taste，feeln系動(dòng)詞只和形容詞連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)nI feel hungry.nThe day gets longer and

7、longer.nHe looked happy.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第13頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞n實(shí)義動(dòng)詞指的是有具體行為意思的動(dòng)詞。n實(shí)義動(dòng)詞在句中可以做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。n做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法 動(dòng)詞會(huì)有四種形式：?jiǎn)稳?，現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第14頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞注意：掌握四種形式的變化規(guī)律nHe works in the office.nWe are dancing together.nI caught a cold last week.nShe has watered the flower. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第15頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞n做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法（指出現(xiàn)在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后的動(dòng)

8、詞，它受前面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的限制） 動(dòng)詞會(huì)有三種形式：n原型(do)n動(dòng)名詞(doing)n不定式(to do) 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第16頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞n用原型：nlet sb.donmake sb.donhelp sb.(to)donhad better do 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第17頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞n用動(dòng)名詞：nlike doingnenjoy doingnfinish doingn介詞之后用動(dòng)名詞 be good at doingwhat about doingthank you for doing 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第18頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 n用不定式：nwant to dondecide to

9、donplan to donwould like to donlearn to dontell sb.( not)to donask sb.(not) to do現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第19頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞n注意下列詞不同形式的不同用法: remember doing/to do forget doing/to do stop doing/to do go on doing/to do 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第20頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)時(shí)態(tài) n一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)n一般將來(lái)時(shí)n一般過(guò)去時(shí)n現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)n現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)n過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)n過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)n過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第21頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)n表示一般情況和經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。n時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為

10、nevery day 或 every 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)noften，always，usually 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第22頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)n動(dòng)詞碰到第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要加 “s”nwork - worksn輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry - carriesn以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的加“es”，如wash - washesngo - goesndo - doesnhave - has 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第23頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)n例句nHe goes to school on foot every day.nWe often have supper at home.nShe doesnt do

11、 her work every Sunday. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第24頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) n表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。n時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now /Look /Listenn由be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞ing構(gòu)成n動(dòng)詞變化加ingnclean - cleaningn以不發(fā)音“e”結(jié)尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ingmake - makingn重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再加ingswim - swimming現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第25頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)n例句nThe boys are playing now.nLook! They are planting trees.nListen! He is singing. 現(xiàn)

12、在學(xué)習(xí)的是第26頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)一般將來(lái)時(shí)n表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。n時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： nnext 引導(dǎo)的詞組ntomorrow 引導(dǎo)的詞組nthe day after tomorrown動(dòng)詞變化：will + 動(dòng)詞原型n例句nI will visit you tomorrow.nHe wont come back next week. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第27頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)一般過(guò)去時(shí)n指過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情n時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：nyesterday 引導(dǎo)的詞組nago 引導(dǎo)的詞組nlast 引導(dǎo)的詞組nthe day before yesterday 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第28頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)一般過(guò)去時(shí)n動(dòng)詞變化：動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去式，動(dòng)詞

13、加“ed”nPlay - playedn輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry - carriedn重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再加edstop - stoppedn不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞見(jiàn)書(shū)后動(dòng)詞表 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第29頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)一般過(guò)去時(shí)n例句nHe bought a book yesterday.nI watched a match last week.nHe left here two days ago. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第30頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) n動(dòng)詞變化 動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去分詞加ednPlay - playedn輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry - carriedn重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙

14、寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母，再加edstop - stoppedn不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞見(jiàn)書(shū)后動(dòng)詞表1)動(dòng)詞由have（has）+ 過(guò)去分詞 構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第31頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) n表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成nHe has left .nI have already had a rest.n表示動(dòng)作不僅已經(jīng)完成，還要持續(xù)（在這個(gè)用法當(dāng)中，動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，與for引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間和since引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)連用）nHe has been away for two days. nI have already taught in this school since 1990.nThe bird has been dead for

15、 a month.nWe have made lots of friends since we came here. 現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第32頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) n指在過(guò)去的某一個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。n時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nat this time yesterdaynat five oclock yesterday afternoonn動(dòng)詞由be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞ing形式構(gòu)成n例句He was watching TV at this time yesterday.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第33頁(yè)，共36頁(yè)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)n指對(duì)過(guò)去的某一個(gè)時(shí)間來(lái)講，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。n動(dòng)詞由would+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成。n例句He would go to the park the next day.He said he