小學(xué)英語(yǔ)四種基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句與特殊疑問(wèn)句

1、【精品文檔】如有侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流小學(xué)英語(yǔ)四種基本句型-肯定句、否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句與特殊疑問(wèn)句.精品文檔.肯定句、否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句的詳解一、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句定義1肯定句：表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定詞“不”。我是一個(gè)學(xué)生 I am a student. 他去上學(xué) He goes to school.2否定句：表示否定的意思。我不是一個(gè)男孩。 I am not a boy 他不去上學(xué) He does not go to school.3. 一般疑問(wèn)句：回答為“是yes”或者“否no”的問(wèn)句。你是一個(gè)學(xué)生嗎？ Are you a studen

2、t? 你喜歡英語(yǔ)嗎？ Do you like English?4. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的問(wèn)句，根據(jù)提問(wèn)內(nèi)容具體回答。現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？ Whats the time?哪一支筆是你的？ Which is your pen?二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句的相互轉(zhuǎn)換有am, is, are的句子肯定句變否定句：在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按順序照抄?？隙ň渥円话阋蓡?wèn)句：把a(bǔ)m, is, are提前放到句首并大寫Am, Is, Are,其余照抄?？隙ň渥兲厥庖蓡?wèn)句（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）：分3步驟第一步：先變一般疑問(wèn)句第二步：找合適的特殊疑問(wèn)詞代替劃線部分（

3、劃線部分不能在特殊疑問(wèn)句中出現(xiàn)）第三步：特殊疑問(wèn)詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。 1 肯定句、否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句的互換肯定句：This is a book.否定句：This is not a book.一般疑問(wèn)句：Is this a book?肯定回答：Yes, it is. 否定回答：No, it isnt.2 就劃線部分提問(wèn)(變特殊疑問(wèn)句)This is a book.第一步：變一般疑問(wèn)句 Is this a book?第二步：找合適的特殊疑問(wèn)詞 Is this what ?第三步：特殊疑問(wèn)詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。What is this

4、?沒(méi)有am, is, are的句子肯定句變否定句：在主語(yǔ)后面加上do not或者does not,其余按順序照抄動(dòng)詞用原形肯定句變一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加do或者does并大寫,其余照抄。注意：動(dòng)詞用原形肯定句變特殊疑問(wèn)句（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）：分3步驟第一步：先變一般疑問(wèn)句第二步：找合適的特殊疑問(wèn)詞代替劃線部分（劃線部分不能在特殊疑問(wèn)句中出現(xiàn)）第三步：特殊疑問(wèn)詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。1.肯定句、否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句的互換 非單三時(shí)用do, 單三時(shí)用does非單三 肯定句：I like English.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do you like English?否定句：I do n

5、ot like English.單三 肯定句：He likes English.一般疑問(wèn)句：Does he like English?否定句：He does not like English.2.就劃線部分提問(wèn)(變特殊疑問(wèn)句)I like English.第一步：先變一般疑問(wèn)句 Do you like English?第二步：找合適的特殊疑問(wèn)詞代替劃線部分Do you like what?第三步：特殊疑問(wèn)詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。What do you like?常用特殊疑問(wèn)詞及詞組：when 什么時(shí)間（問(wèn)時(shí)間）what date 什么日期 問(wèn)具體日期who 誰(shuí)（問(wèn)

6、人）what place什么地點(diǎn)問(wèn)具體地址whose 誰(shuí)的 問(wèn)主人how 怎么樣 問(wèn)情況where 在哪里 問(wèn)地點(diǎn)how old 多大 問(wèn)年齡which 哪一個(gè) 問(wèn)選擇how many 多少 問(wèn)數(shù)量why 為什么 問(wèn)原因how much 多少 問(wèn)價(jià)錢what 什么 問(wèn)東西how about 怎么樣 問(wèn)意見(jiàn)what time 什么時(shí)間 問(wèn)時(shí)間how far 多遠(yuǎn) 問(wèn)路程what colour 什么顏色 問(wèn)顏色how long 多長(zhǎng) 問(wèn)時(shí)間what about怎么樣 問(wèn)意見(jiàn)How soon 多快，多久 問(wèn)時(shí)間what day 星期幾 問(wèn)星期How often多久 問(wèn)頻率三句子的種類 類別用法標(biāo)點(diǎn)例

7、句陳述句肯定敘述一件事情或 說(shuō)明說(shuō)話人的看法.This is a bag.That's my book.否定I can see a bag over there.I don't know.疑問(wèn)句一般用于提出問(wèn)題?Are you a student?Do you like puppets?Can you speak English?特殊用于提出問(wèn)題?What's your name?Where's my bag?How many trees are there? 用于提出問(wèn)題? 選擇Is your friend a boy or a girl?反意用于提出問(wèn)題?I

8、t's a fine day, isn't it?祈使句表示命令或請(qǐng)求、建議.或！Put it here!Look at the noticeboard.感嘆句表示驚訝贊美憤怒 等強(qiáng)烈情感！How smart!Glad to see you!What a nice pencil case!特殊：1.some變?yōu)閍nyThere are some birds in the tree.There aren't any birds in the tree. 但是，若在表示請(qǐng)邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求的句子中，some可以不變。 Would you like some orange juice

9、? 與此相關(guān)的一些不定代詞如something, somebody等也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化。 2.and變?yōu)閛rI have a knife and a ruler.I don't have a knife or a ruler. 3.a lot of (=lots of)變?yōu)閙any或muchThey have a lot of friends.（可數(shù)名詞）They don't have many friends. There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可數(shù)名詞） There isn't much orange in the bot

10、tle. 4.already變?yōu)閥et I have been there already.I haven't been there yet.熟記變特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，容易判斷錯(cuò)的情況。1、 數(shù)詞表示年齡：He is fifty-five. How old is he ?表示時(shí)間：Its fifty-five. Whats the time?表示加法：Six and two is eight. Whats six and two?表示價(jià)格：The shirt is thirty yuan . How much is the shirt?表示多少：I have three brothers.

11、How many brothers do you have?2、 姓名和人表示人名：My name is Gina. Whats your name?表示人：The woman is Gina. Who is the woman ?3、 長(zhǎng)度和距離表示距離：Its five hundred metres away from here. How far is it from here?表示長(zhǎng)度：Its five hundred metres. How long is it ?4、 顏色，東西表示顏色：The shoes are white. What color are the shoes?表示

12、物：They are white sheep. What are they?表示顏色：They are white sheep. What color are these sheep?5、 名詞所有格和人表示名詞所有格：Shes Lucys sister. Whose sister is she?表示人：Shes Lucys sister. Who is she?練一練1 (用特殊疑問(wèn)詞填空)：1、A: _ is the boy in blue?        B:Hes Mike.2、A: _ wallet is

13、 it?             B:Its mine.3、A: _ is the diary?             B:Its under the chair.4、A: _ is the Chirstmas Day?     B: Its on the 25th of December.5、A: _ are th

14、e earphones?        B:They are 25 yuan.6、A: _ is the hairdryer?          B:Its blue.7、A: _ is it today?              B:Its Sunday.8、A: _ was

15、 it yesterday?         B: It was the 13th of October.9、A: _ this red one?            B:Its beautiful.10、A: _ is it from here?         B:Its about two kilometres

16、 away.11、A: Can I have some paper and some crayons? B: _ ?                    A: I want to make a kite. 12、A:_ one is fatter, the blue one or the red one?   B: The blue one.13、A:_ is your co

17、usin?    B: Hes 15 years old.14、A:_ do you have dinner?   B: At 6 oclock練一練2： 1、 Its a book. (改一般疑問(wèn)句)2、 My father is in the study. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))3、  Do you watch TV every Sunday? (做肯定回答)4、  This picture is very beautiful. （改為以what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）5、  Kick

18、 the ball to me! (改為否定句)6、  I have a big present. （對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）7、  There are some orange trees on the farm. (改為單數(shù)句子)練一練3：1._ is this? Its a rubber.2._ _ rubbers are there in the pencilbox?3._ _ is your brother? Hes nine.4._ are they? They are cows.5. _ are you? Im fine.6. _ do you fe

19、el? We are happy.7._ is your father? He is a dentist.8._ does he goto school? He goes to school by bus.9._ are the ducks? They are on the river.10. _ is his name? He is Martin.11. _ _ new books have you got? Five.12._ _ is the tree? Its green.13. _coats are these? Marys.14. _ is on the desk? There i

20、s a glass.15. _ _ is this book? Its very interesting.練一練4（對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn)）：1 They bought a new bike yesterday._2 She is a nurse ._3 She is my teacher._4 He bought the red one ._5 It is my coat ._6 I am looking for my sister ._7 I get up at six ._8 I am from Hubei ._9 I went to school late because I got up l

21、ate._10. It is windy . _11. I am getting on well with it. _12. My bag is red . _13. The book is Li Huas. _14. I like math best. _15. They are five yuan . _16. I wash it twice a week . _17. He will be back in four days . _18. I didnt come to class yesterday because I was ill . _練一練5：選擇題( ) 19.- Excus

22、e me _ is the nearest bookshop ?-Go down the street and turn left at the second corner? A. how B. what C. where D. who( ) 20. _ is a ticker for the film Hacker He? About forty yuan . A. How old B. How many C. How much D. How often( ) 21. _ are you going? Im going to the library. A. Who B. Which C. W

23、hat D. Where( ) 22.- Its a nice car. _ have you been in it? - Just to Shanghai. A. How much B. How soon C. How long D. How far( ) 23. _? Its eight. A. What day is it B. Whats five and three C. How old are you D. Whats your telephone number( ) 24. _? Ive got a headache and a cough. A. Whats your trou

24、ble B. Whats wrong with it C. Can I help you D. How are you( ) 25. _ tea did you have? Two cups. A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Which ( ) 26. _ shall we meet in the park? What about half past eight?A. What B. When C. Where D., Which( ) 27. _ a year does your school have sports meetings? Twic

25、e a year. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times( )28. _? The one behind the tree. A. Whose girl B. Whos that girl C. Which girl D. Wheres the girl ( )29. _ are you going to be in the future? I want to be a person _- Yang Liwei. A. How , like B. How , as C. What , like D. What , as(

26、)30._ will your father be back? .A How long B how often C How soon D How wide練一練6（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）： 31He often has lunch in the factory    he often  lunch？ 32They will come back in a month      will they come back？ 33He hurt his leg last Sunday      he

27、hurt his leg ？ 34I got up at six this morning       you  up this morning ？ 35They were drawing a horse when I came in      they  when I came in ？ 36I didn't go to school because I had a bad cold      you go to school？ 37Y

28、ou'd better take the No3 bus     bus  I better take？ 38He's feeling well      he feeling ？ 39The girl in a red coat is my sister      is your sister？ 40He comes to China once a year        he  

29、;to China？41. He goes to see his grandma ( twice a week ). (對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_?42. My father goes to work by car. ( 改為特殊疑問(wèn)句 )_?43. It take ( 15 minutes ) for a ferry to cross the river. ( 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) )_?44. You can dial ( 110 ) to call the police. ( 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) )_ _ can you dial to call the police45. Ted put his bag

30、 in the desk . ( 改為特殊疑問(wèn)句 )_ _ Ted _ in the desk?46. The students ( went camping ) last week. (對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_?47. Diogenes came from ( Greece ). (對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_ _ Diogenes _ _?48. The way to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise). (對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn))_ _ the way to _ _?49. We landed (on an unexplored planet )

31、. ( 對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問(wèn) )_ _ you land ?練一練7（單項(xiàng)選擇題）： (     )1. How are you ?                    A.Fine,thanks.      B.Yes,it is.        C.

32、How are you ?(     )2. Nice to meet you !                    A.Fine,thank you.    B.OK.      C.Nice to meet you ,too !(     )

33、3. How do you go to school ?                   A.I go to Canada by plane. B.I go to school by bike.  C.What about you ?(     )4. How do you go to the USA ?     

34、                  A.I usually go to school by bus. B.I go to England by ship.  C.I go by plane.(     )5.              &#

35、160;       ?   My home is near the post office. A. Where is your home ? B.OK.   C.See you then!(     )6. See you at 2 oclock.                  A.

36、See you then !    B.The fifth floor.   C.Its easy.(     )7.                   ?   You can go by the No.15 bus. A.Its not far.    B. How can

37、I get to Zhongshan Park ?   C.Sure.(     )8. Where is the hospital?                   A.Next to the cinema.   B.Thank you .     C.Youre welcome.( 

38、;    )9. Excuse me ,is there a cinema near here ?                   A.Yes,there is .    B.No,its not far.    C.Its near the post office.(     )10

39、.                  ?   Its near the post office. A.Yes,there is .    B.No,its not far.    C. Where is the library? (     )11.     

40、              ?  Its next to the hospital. A. Where is the cinema ,please ?   B.Is it far ?      C.Go straight.(     )12. How can I get to the hospital ?   

41、0;              A.Its next to the hospital.  B.You can go by the No.201 bus. C.Thank you.(     )13.Thank you .              A.Thank you . &#

42、160;   B.OK.      C.Youre welcome.(     )14. How can I get to the museum?                A.Go straight.Then turn left.  B.Thank you .  C.Its east of the cinema

43、.(     )15. Where is the post office ?                     A.Go straight.Then turn left.  B.Thank you .  C.Its east of the cinema .(     )16. What are

44、 you going to do this evening ?                 A.Im going to the cinema .  B.I go to school on foot.  C.Yes,it is.(     )17. Is it far ?         

45、;             A.No,it is .         B.Yes , it is .          C.Yes,it isnt.(     )18.         do you go to school ?A.What          B.Where           C.How(  &