動詞的被動語態(tài)

1、動詞的被動語態(tài)各種時態(tài)的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài):主動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時do/does一般過去時did一般將來 will do/be (is , am , are )going to do/ be(is, am , are) to do現(xiàn)在進行時 be (is ,am ,are) doing過去進行時 be (was, were) doing將來進行時will be doi ng現(xiàn)在完成時have (has , have) donedone過去完成時have (had) done完成進行時has/ have bee n doing英語語法-動詞的語態(tài)1動詞的語態(tài)語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)一

2、般現(xiàn)在時 be( is, am , are) done一般過去時 be(was , are ) done般將來 will be done/ be(is, am , are) going to be done/ be(is, am , are) to be done現(xiàn)在進行時 be (is ,am ,are) being done 過去進行時 be(was, were) being done 將來進行時 will be being done現(xiàn)在完成時 have (has , have) been過去完成時 have( had) been done主語是動作的發(fā)出者為主動語態(tài)；主語是動作的接受者為

3、被動語態(tài)。1) 若賓語補足語是不帶 to的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài) 時，該不定式前要 加"to"。此類動詞為感官動詞。feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch The teacher made me go out of the classroom.-> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).We saw him play football on the playgro und.-> He was

4、 see n to play football on the playgro und.2) 情態(tài)動詞+ be +過去分詞，構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and in dustry. 1 let的用法1) 當let后只有一個單音節(jié)動詞，變被動語態(tài)時，可用不帶to的不定式。allow 或 permit 代替。They let the stra nge go.-> The stra nge was let go.2) 若let后賓補較長時，let通常不用被動語態(tài)，而用The nurse let me

5、 go to see my classmate in the hospital.-> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital.2短語動詞的被動語態(tài)短語動詞是一個整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。This is a photo of the power stati on that has bee n set up in my hometow n.My sister will be take n care of by Gran dma.Such a thi ng has n ever bee n heard o

6、f before.3表示"據(jù)說"或"相信”的詞組believe, con sider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, un dersta ndIt is said that 據(jù)說It is reported that據(jù)報道It is believed that大家相信It is hoped that大家希望It is well known that 眾所周知It is thought that大家認為It is suggested that 據(jù)建議It is taken gran

7、 ted that被視為當然It has bee n decided that大家決定It must be remember that 務(wù)必記住的是It is said that she will leave for Wuha n on Tuesday.4不用被動語態(tài)的情況1）不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài):appear, die disappear, end （vi.結(jié)束）,fail, happen, last, lie,remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep sile nee, lose hear

8、t, take place.After the fire, very little remained of my house.比較：rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。作錯）The price has bee n rise n.（對）The price has rise n.（錯）The accide nt was happe ned last week.（對）The accide nt happe ned last week.（錯）The price has raised.（對）The price has bee n raised.（錯）Ple

9、ase seat.（對）Please be seated.要想正確地使用被動語態(tài)，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。2）不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch ,agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happe n to, take part in, walk in to, bel ong toThis

10、 key just fits the lock.這把鑰匙只適合于這把鎖。Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你的故事與聽說的相符。3）系動詞無被動語態(tài)：appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, rema in, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turnIt sou nds good.聽起來很好。4）帶同源賓語的及物動詞，反身代詞互代詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)die, death, dream, live, lifeShe dreame

11、d a bad dream last ni ght.她昨晚做了個噩夢。5）當賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態(tài)。（對）She likes to swim.她喜愛游泳。（錯）To swim is liked by her.5主動形式表示被動意義1) wash, clean, cook, iron, Iook, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, driveThe book sells well.這本書銷路好。This knife cuts easily.這刀子很好用。2) blame, let(出租),remain, keep, rent

12、, buildI was to blame for the accident. 我對這起事故負責(zé)。Much work remai ns.還有大量工作要做。3) 在need, require, want, worth ( 形容詞),deserve后的動名詞必須用主動形式。The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 門需要修了。This room needs cleaning. 這房間應(yīng)該打掃一下。This book is worth readi ng. 這本書值得一讀。4) 特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：make sb. heard / un

13、derstood (使別人能聽見/理解自己)，have sth. done (要某人做某事)。6被動形式表示主動意義be determ in ed, be pleased, be graduated (from), be fini shed, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marriesHe is graduated from a famous uni versity.他畢業(yè)于一所有名的大學(xué)。注意：表示同某人結(jié)婚，用marry sb.或get married to sb.都可。He married a rich girl.他娶了一個有錢的女孩

14、。He got married to a rich girl. 他娶了一個有錢的女孩。7 n eed/wa nt/requi re/worth注意：當 need, want, require, worth(形容詞)后面接doing也可以表示被動。Your hair wants cutting.你的頭發(fā)該理了。The floor requires washing. 地板需要沖洗。The book is worth reading. 這本書值得一讀。翻譯1. 將會送一些書給他做生日禮物。Some books2. 還在粉刷墻壁所以我們還不能搬進新房子。(pai nt)The walls3. 沒有人喜

15、歡被愚弄。(make fu n of)No one enyoys4. 在中國很多學(xué)生每天被要求花很長時間做作業(yè)。(make sb to do sth)In Chi na many middle school students5. 他到賓館時，房間已經(jīng)打掃干凈了。The roomwhen he填空1. A pain ti ng exhibiti on is going to(hold) at the art museum next week.2. The water will be further polluted uni ess some measures(take).3. There is

16、no doubt that we(puni sh) if we break the law.4. We are gong (discuss) the problem at the meeting tomorrow.5. This new film, directed by Jackie Chan, is to (show)next month.6. Only when your identity has been checked you (allow) in .7. Don ' t let crows walk onhet land, otherwise the plants (des

17、troy).8. As a general rule, an object will become larger when it (heat).9. More than 5000 used bikes (collect) since the two brothers set up theorganization.10. Every possible means (try) to stop the bad behavior, but they don ' t work at all.11. Over the past ten years, this town (hit) twice by

18、 ear4thquakes.12. Will the lecture be held at 4 o' clockthis afternoon.No. It (put off) till tomorrow afternoon.13. Her novel is very popular among people of all ages; so far it (translate) into 25languages.t make14. The boys (tell) many times not to swim in that lake , but it doesndifference.15

19、. Sorry, sir, all the tickets for the exhibition (sell out).16. As for the English Speaking Completion, when and where it will be held )notdecide) yet .17. A computer center in our school and it will be finished in two months.(build).18. Little Tony by his aunt because his parents are both busy with

20、 their work. (Take care of)19. The report there. I will hand it to you in ten minutes.(print)20. John has just arrived home and by his daughter about why he always comesback so late. (question)21. Some measures have been taken to prevent the environment form being destroyed.-Yes. And the wildlife in

21、 this are (protect)22. Sorry, sir, your car isn r'eadt y yet .It in the garage. (repair)23. The river badly now. We must do something to stop the waste water form beingpoured into it. (pollute).24. -Do you know what Lily is doing?-She may (interview).選擇1. Boys and girls, be quiet please; the lat

22、est news about the Olympics Games soon.A. is broadcast B. has been broadcast. C. will be broadcast. D .is being broadcast.2 .Computes in everyday life in this country before long.A. are used B. will useC will be usedD. was used.3. The next World Expo in Yeosu in South Korea in 2012.A. holdB. is to h

23、oldC. is to be heldD. is held4. You to take so much luggage wit you on the plane.A. will be allowed B. will be held C. are going to hold D. are being held.6. The computer design problem this afternoon.A. will discuss B. is going to be discussed C. it gong to discuss D. has been discussed7. The worke

24、rs need three more days before their work .A finishesB. will finish.C .has been brought tinD. will be brought in8. More advance technology form abroad in the near future.A. brought inB. is brought in C. has been brought inD. will be brought in9. I don ' t know when he to work in that small villa

25、ge , perhaps next year.A. was sentB. will be sentC. has been sentD. sent.10. Another five volunteer _'_sto take care of the homeless children this week.A. will selectB. have selectedC. will be selectedD. has been selected.11. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen ofr the money making

26、jobs they before leaving their hometowns.A. promisedB were promisedC have promisedB. have been promised.12. His sister left home in 1998 , and since.A. had not been heard ofB. has not been heard ofChad not heard ofD. has notheard of13. Great changes in our province. Many tall buildings .A. had been

27、taken place , have been set up .B. have taken place , have been set up . C.have been taken place, have been set up . D. were taken place, were set up14. -Is the meeting held in Room 302 or 303?It should be 302. But I hear that it till tomorrow.A. was up offB. will put offC has been put off D is put

28、off15. - The window is dirty.-I know. It for weeks.A. hasn ' t cleaned B. didn ' t cleanC. wasn 'clteanedD. hasn 'bteencleaned.16. I want to buy this kind of cloth because I the cloth well.A. have told , washed. B. have been told, washes C. have been t old , washed. D. was told, wash

29、ed.17. Although he has lived with us for years, he us much impression.A. hadn 't left B. hadn ' t been leftC. hasn ' t been left D. hasn 't left18. The new dictionaries are very useful. They well and already.A. sell , have been sold out B .sold , had sold out C. sell, sell out D .are

30、 sold , have been sold out19. So far, the criminals by the police.A. had been discovered B. have been discovered C. are discovered D .will be discovered20. How many times not to play with fire? I ' m sorry. I' ll never do that again.A. do you tell B. had you toldC. are you toldD. have you be

31、en told21.It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area.A. are being built B. were being built C .was being built D. is being built22. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the2010Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibitingB. is exhibiting C. are

32、 being exhibited D . is being exhibited.23. What ' s that noise?Oh, I forgot to tell you . The new machine A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being testedD. has been tested24. Don ' t make any noise. Here mother bdyoctor.A. examined B. is being examinedC. has been examined D. is examined.

33、25. Have you moved into the new house?Not yet. The rooms .A. are being painted B. are painting. C. are painted D .are being painting26.On average, each Chinese cell phone user receives at least eight pieces of spam messages a week. Chinese cell phone users with spam messages.A. will be floodedB. are

34、 floodedC. have been flooded D. are being flooded27. -Have you got your examination results?No. The papers A. have not correctedB. have already been corrected C. will be correcting soonD. are stillbeing corrected28. With the development of science ad technology, more new technology to thefields of I

35、T.A .has introduced B. is being introduced C .was introduced D. had been introduced.29. The woman moves about outside the operating room, because her son on.A. was tested B. will test C. is being testedD. has been tested.被動語態(tài)練習(xí)題一、選擇題( )1. a new library in our school last year?A.Is; built B.Was; buli

36、t C.Does; buildD.Did; build( )2.An accident on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened ( )3.Cotton in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow( )4.So far,the moon by man already.A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visite

37、d ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in th school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives( )6.How many trees this year?A.are planted B.will plantC.have been planted D.planted( )7.A lot of things by people to save the little girl now.A.are doing B.are being done C.has been do

38、ne D.will be done ( )8.Neither of them in China.A.is made B.are madeC.were madeD.made( )9.Look! A nice picture for our teacher.A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawnD.draws( )10.Your shoes . You need a new pair.A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn( )11.The doctor for yet.A.isn'

39、t sent B.hasn't been sent C.won't be sent D.wasn't sent( )12.-When _ this kind of computers? -Last year.A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used( )13.The Great Wall all over the world.A.knows B.knewC.is knownD.was known( )14.I in summer.A.born B.was born C.have been bornD.am born( )

40、15.He says that Mr Zhang to the factory next week.A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent( )16.Who this book ?A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written( )17.Mary show me her new dictionary.A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to( )18.A story by Granny yesterda

41、y.A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us( )19.The monkey was seen off the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump( )20.The school bag _ behind the chair.A.puts B.can be put C.can be puttedD.can put( )21.Older people well.A.looks after B.must be looked afterC.must look after D.looked af

42、ter( )22.Our teacher carefully.A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened二、把下列句子改寫成被動語態(tài)1. They make machines in that factory. 2. Every body likes this song. 3. He doesn't show the stamps to me. 4. People don't grow rice in the west of Japan. 5. He often helps Tom

43、when Tom is in trouble. 6. Do the workers build many buildings? 7. Does Kate sometimes break glasses? 8. Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? 9. What does the teacher often tell the boys to do? 10. How many desks do they buy every term? 11. They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week. 12. C

44、ranny told us a story last night. 13. He didn't give the dictionary to me yesterday. 14. He didn't buy anything there before he left. 15. Did he clean the blackboard just now? 16. When did she cook supper yesterday? 17. Where did she make them? 18. Whose ruler did you borrow? 19. We must tie

45、 the young tree to the stick. 20. They can't mend the bike in that shop. 21. You should take good care of her baby. 22. You may take it back home. 23. May I look after the baby at home? 24. Must we hand in our exercise-books now? 25. Can you mend this radio here? 三、將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，每空一詞。in two1. We c

46、an finish the work in two days. The wo days.2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk_in Suzhou.3. Thechildre nwill sing anEn glishsong.AnEn glishsong by the children.4. You needn't do it now.It by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week. her by me last week.6. Peole use metal for making ma

47、chines.7. He made me do that for him. It A New Year Cardt Metalfor maki ng machi nes. that for him.8.I have given this book to the library. t This bookto thelibrary.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?ta bridge here by them a yearago?10.We'll put on an English playin our school. tAn Englis

48、h playon in our school.II.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets. Colour TV setsmore and more farmers.12.My brother often mends his watch.is watch H by mybrother.13.We must water the flowers every day.t The flowers must(by us) everyday.14.They use knives for cutting things.Knives _tfor cutting things.1