漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)研究中英文對(duì)照

1、漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)研究中英文對(duì)照Study English talents majoring in Chinese language and Literature論文關(guān)鍵字 漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)建議Keyword suggestions for cultivating applied talents in Chinese language and Literature論文摘 要 隨著大學(xué)生就業(yè)壓力的增大，漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)的重心必須要從以往培養(yǎng)學(xué)術(shù)型人才轉(zhuǎn)向以培養(yǎng)適合社會(huì)發(fā)展和工作需要的應(yīng)用型人才為目標(biāo)。本文先從漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)出現(xiàn)的主要問(wèn)題入手，對(duì)漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培

2、養(yǎng)目標(biāo)進(jìn)行清晰定位、構(gòu)建了漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)應(yīng)用型課程體系，提出了漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)的建議。Abstract with the increasing employment pressure of college students, talents majoring in Chinese language and literature education center of gravity must develop to cultivate applied talents for social development and needs of the target from the previo

3、us academic talents. This paper starts from the application of Chinese language and literature major talent cultivation problems of Chinese language and literature, the personnel training objectives, clear positioning of Chinese language and literature major applied curriculum system, and puts forwa

4、rd suggestions of the talents of Chinese language and literature education.一、引言O(shè)ne, foreword漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)是傳統(tǒng)中文系中最常設(shè)的一個(gè)專業(yè)，也被譽(yù)為文科的萬(wàn)能專業(yè)，畢業(yè)的學(xué)生供不應(yīng)求，可以從事社會(huì)人文領(lǐng)域的很多工作。但隨著學(xué)科門(mén)類的增多，專業(yè)的細(xì)化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力越來(lái)越大，人才市場(chǎng)開(kāi)始傾斜。導(dǎo)致這一現(xiàn)象的一個(gè)本身原因是傳統(tǒng)漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)體系缺乏應(yīng)用性的缺陷，加強(qiáng)漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)的應(yīng)用性是漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)改革的一大問(wèn)題。The Department of Chinese language and literat

5、ure is one of the most standing professional traditional Chinese system, also known as the universal liberal arts majors, graduate students in short supply, a lot of work can be engaged in the social field. But with the increasing of disciplines, refining the competitive pressure is more and more pr

6、ofessional, talent market began to tilt. This phenomenon results from a lack of reason is the system for training applied talents of traditional Chinese language and literature, strengthen the application of Chinese language and literature, is a big problem in Chinese language and literature major r

7、eform.二、漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)中存在的問(wèn)題In the problem of existence two, Chinese language and literature of professional talent training傳統(tǒng)的漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)不清晰；教學(xué)內(nèi)容重純文學(xué)，然而經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、哲學(xué)、法律內(nèi)容偏少是漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)模式比較集中的問(wèn)題。The talents of traditional Chinese language literature speciality training goal is not clear; the teaching cont

8、ent of pure literature, but economic, political, philosophical, legal content less talent in Chinese language and literature major training model is relatively concentrated problems.2.1培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)不清晰2.1 training objectives is not clear漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)曾以其深厚的文化積淀一度非常輝煌，學(xué)生能夠擁有穩(wěn)定的職業(yè)，一度擁有很強(qiáng)的文化優(yōu)越感與專業(yè)自豪感，近幾年隨著高等教育的大眾化，漢語(yǔ)言

9、文學(xué)專業(yè)失去了過(guò)去的專業(yè)優(yōu)勢(shì)。The Department of Chinese language and literature has its profound cultural accumulation was very brilliant, students can have a stable occupation, once had a strong sense of cultural superiority and professional pride, in recent years, with the popularization of higher education, Chi

10、nese language and literature lost its last professional advantage.再加之社會(huì)對(duì)人才的需求發(fā)生了巨大變化，但很多高校依然抱著傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢(shì)專業(yè)意識(shí)，未及時(shí)調(diào)整培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)，找準(zhǔn)定位，更沒(méi)有考慮就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的實(shí)際需要，培養(yǎng)的學(xué)生與社會(huì)實(shí)際需求形成反差。造成學(xué)生知識(shí)面狹窄，并產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的厭學(xué)情緒，優(yōu)勢(shì)專業(yè)成為了劣勢(shì)專業(yè)。Coupled with the social demand for talents has undergone tremendous changes, but many universities still holding the

11、traditional advantages of professional consciousness, not timely adjust training targets, identify the location, but did not consider the actual needs of the job market, students and the actual needs of the community in contrast. Causes the student to narrow scope of knowledge, and have a strong emo

12、tional weariness, professional advantages become disadvantages professional.2.2教學(xué)內(nèi)容重純文學(xué)輕社會(huì)學(xué)2.2 teaching content heavy pure literature light Sociology教學(xué)內(nèi)容是對(duì)教學(xué)計(jì)劃的具體落實(shí)，也是實(shí)現(xiàn)人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的具體步驟。因而教學(xué)內(nèi)容的設(shè)置必須科學(xué)、合理、切實(shí)可行。然而，在漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)教學(xué)內(nèi)容大多是文學(xué)史、文學(xué)概論、文學(xué)作品等，教學(xué)內(nèi)容脫離了社會(huì)，遠(yuǎn)離政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律、哲學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)科，影響學(xué)生綜合素質(zhì)的培養(yǎng)。學(xué)生畢業(yè)后與社會(huì)格格不入，脫離實(shí)際，只會(huì)做文字游

13、戲。The teaching content is the concrete implementation of the teaching plan, but also realize the talents training target specific steps. Therefore the establishment of teaching content must be scientific, reasonable, feasible. However, in most of the Chinese language and literature teaching content

14、is the history of literature, literary theory, literary works, teaching content from the social, political, economic, legal, far away from the philosophy and social science, influence the cultivation of students comprehensive quality. Students after graduation be misfits, divorced from reality and s

15、ociety, will only make the word games.教師所教、學(xué)生所學(xué)，都是閉門(mén)造車，對(duì)于熱點(diǎn)的生活，廣闊的實(shí)踐，基本沒(méi)有接觸。思維方式和寫(xiě)作方式都陳舊落后，極大地約束了學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造力和想象力。The teachers teach, students learn, are behind closed doors, the hot life, wide practice, basically no contact. Mode of thinking and writing are outdated, greatly limits the creativity and ima

16、gination of the students.三、應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)定位Three, the goal of training applied talents順應(yīng)時(shí)代和就業(yè)的需求，把漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)定位到綜合應(yīng)用型現(xiàn)代化人才上。當(dāng)代社會(huì)各部門(mén)和行業(yè)之間的融合滲透越來(lái)越多，單純的漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)工作者已經(jīng)不能滿足各個(gè)部門(mén)和行業(yè)的要求。這就要求我們?cè)谌瞬排囵B(yǎng)目標(biāo)上要進(jìn)行深入研究，重新定位。根據(jù)不同行業(yè)、領(lǐng)域?qū)θ瞬乓?guī)格的需求，重應(yīng)用，對(duì)專業(yè)進(jìn)行分流，形成基礎(chǔ)加特色的培養(yǎng)模式。另外隨著現(xiàn)代化媒體技術(shù)的發(fā)展，熟練運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代媒體，也是不可或缺的。現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的學(xué)生就是要有過(guò)硬的寫(xiě)、說(shuō)能

17、力，還懂得編輯與制作，將語(yǔ)言文字傳播、影像傳播和網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播融會(huì)貫通，才能適應(yīng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展需要。The trend of the times and the employment demand, the talent in Chinese language and literature major training orientation to the comprehensive application of modern talents. Fusion between contemporary social departments and industry more and more, Chine

18、se language and literature workers simply cant meet the requirements of various departments and the industry. This requires us to in-depth study of the training aim, relocation. According to different industries, areas of personnel requirements, application, for streaming on the professional trainin

19、g mode, form the basis of add features. Also with the development of modern media technology, skilled use of modern media, but also an indispensable. Modern Chinese language and literature major students is to have excellent writing, speaking ability, but also know how to edit and produce, the langu

20、age communication, image communication and network communication together, in order to adapt to the needs of social development.四、漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)應(yīng)用型課程體系設(shè)置Four, the Chinese language and literature application curriculum system根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)，實(shí)行厚基礎(chǔ)、多方向、因材施教、靈活多樣的育人模式，建立適合學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)的教學(xué)新體系，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)課程體系進(jìn)行重新調(diào)整。Accor

21、ding to the target of cultivating applied talents in Chinese language and literature, the thick foundation, multi-direction, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, flexible and diverse education mode, establish new teaching system of students autonomous learning, to adjust to the traditio

22、nal Chinese language and literature curriculum.4.1基礎(chǔ)課程4.1 basic courses培養(yǎng)學(xué)生從事語(yǔ)言教學(xué)和語(yǔ)言教育科研的能力，是一個(gè)應(yīng)用型模塊。主要開(kāi)設(shè)語(yǔ)言教育提高系列課程，設(shè)置了基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革、教育研究方法、教師發(fā)展研究、教師職業(yè)技能訓(xùn)練、語(yǔ)文課件制作、語(yǔ)文教學(xué)藝術(shù)、語(yǔ)文教材篇目研究與教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)、現(xiàn)代職業(yè)禮儀、演講與口才等課程。Cultivating students engaged in language teaching and language education scientific research ability, is

23、an application module. The opening of the main language education courses, the curriculum reform of basic education, education research, teacher development research, teacher occupation skill training, courseware, Chinese language teaching art, language teaching and research and teaching design, mod

24、ern occupation manners, speech and eloquence courses.4.2提升課程4.2 promote course主要提升專業(yè)理論，訓(xùn)練科研能力，著眼于學(xué)生升造?？砷_(kāi)設(shè)現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專題研究、現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)虛詞研究、修辭學(xué)研究、文字學(xué)、音韻學(xué)、文獻(xiàn)學(xué)、邏輯學(xué)、漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)史、中國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)史、國(guó)外漢學(xué)研究、中國(guó)古代文學(xué)專題、唐詩(shī)宋詞、明清小說(shuō)研究、中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)專題、中國(guó)當(dāng)代文學(xué)專題、影視藝術(shù)欣賞、雜文創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)論、外國(guó)文學(xué)專題等類課程。Mainly to improve the professional theory, training the ability of

25、scientific research, focus on the students l made. To set up modern Chinese grammar study, the functional words of modern Chinese rhetoric study, research, philology, phonology, philology, logic, history of Chinese grammar, the history of Chinese linguistics, Overseas Sinology, Chinese ancient liter

26、ature, poetry, novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, thematic research, modern Chinese Literature Chinese Contemporary Literature, film and TV art appreciate, essays on art, foreign literature and other courses.4.3應(yīng)用行文課程4.3 application of the course開(kāi)設(shè)應(yīng)用行文相關(guān)的理論、實(shí)務(wù)、實(shí)踐系列課程，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生從事機(jī)關(guān)文員工作能力。主要設(shè)置了應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作、秘書(shū)學(xué)

27、、行政法學(xué)、編輯與采訪、公共關(guān)系學(xué)、新聞采訪與寫(xiě)作、公務(wù)員基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)管理學(xué)、廣告學(xué)、人力資源管理、檔案管理學(xué)、辦公室禮儀等課程。Application of the open related theory, practice, practice courses, cultivating students engaged in office clerical work ability. The main set of applied writing, secretarial, administrative law, editing and interview, public relations,

28、news gathering and writing, civil servants based knowledge management science, advertising, human resource management, file management, office etiquette course.五、漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)建議Five, suggestions for cultivating talents in Chinese language and Literature5.1全程輔助職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃5.1 the secondary occupation care

29、er planning在大學(xué)一年級(jí)利用新生入學(xué)教育契機(jī)向?qū)W生灌輸職業(yè)規(guī)劃的理念，介紹就業(yè)工作的相關(guān)概念和基本常識(shí)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生樹(shù)立正確的就業(yè)觀和成才觀，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生制訂大學(xué)四年規(guī)劃。對(duì)二年級(jí)則進(jìn)一步深化就業(yè)觀教育，幫助他們分析就業(yè)形勢(shì)，調(diào)整完善職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極鍛煉就業(yè)必備的素質(zhì)和技能，夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。大三這個(gè)年級(jí)階段我們應(yīng)注重分類指導(dǎo)，幫助學(xué)生分析幾種職業(yè)去向，是深造讀研，當(dāng)公務(wù)員還是企事業(yè)單位工作者，或是自己創(chuàng)業(yè)？根據(jù)學(xué)生的不同選擇通過(guò)專題講座、報(bào)告會(huì)、個(gè)別輔導(dǎo)等形式集中資源優(yōu)勢(shì)進(jìn)行分類指導(dǎo)。到了大四進(jìn)行考研與就業(yè)分流，對(duì)考研學(xué)生重點(diǎn)進(jìn)行學(xué)科縱深教育，對(duì)準(zhǔn)備就業(yè)學(xué)生重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)就業(yè)相關(guān)課程和參加專業(yè)

30、技能實(shí)踐。In the first grade of university freshmen education opportunity to instill the occupation planning concepts, the introduction of the related concept of employment and basic common sense, to guide students to establish a correct concept of employment and acquisition, guiding students to develop

31、four years planning university. On the second grade is the further deepening of the employment education, help them to analyze the employment situation, adjust and improve the occupation career planning, guide the students to actively exercise employment essential qualities and skills, tamp foundati

32、on. We should pay attention to the big three of the grade classification guidance, help students to analyze several occupation, is the graduate school, when civil servants or business unit workers, or start their own business? According to the different choices of students through lectures, seminars

33、, individual counseling and other forms of resources classification guidance. The four section and employment of graduate students shunt, key discipline in education, in preparing for and participating in the professional skill practice focuses on learning courses related to employment of students e

34、mployment.5.2增加實(shí)踐環(huán)節(jié)The 5.2 increase in practice在漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)過(guò)程中，要特別注意學(xué)生應(yīng)用實(shí)踐能力的培養(yǎng)和訓(xùn)練。除了課程設(shè)置科學(xué)合理，各門(mén)課程都要圍繞這一主旨有重點(diǎn)地訓(xùn)練學(xué)生某方面的能力外，最重要的就是強(qiáng)化實(shí)踐環(huán)節(jié)，使學(xué)生在實(shí)際的工作中得到充分鍛煉，增強(qiáng)能力，以適應(yīng)、勝任未來(lái)的工作。In the process of talent in Chinese Language & Literature professional training, special attention should be paid to the cultivatio

35、n and training of students practical ability. In addition to the scientific and reasonable curriculum, ability of each course should focus on this theme to focus on training students in certain aspects, the most important thing is to strengthen the link of practice, so that students in the actual wo

36、rk to be fully exercise, enhance the ability to adapt, competent, future work.從大三開(kāi)始分專業(yè)方向，根據(jù)學(xué)生的興趣愛(ài)好和將來(lái)的就業(yè)意向，在所開(kāi)設(shè)的課程中添加實(shí)踐內(nèi)容。將“聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)”能力訓(xùn)練落實(shí)在課程教學(xué)過(guò)程中，如公務(wù)員、教師方向的，其秘書(shū)學(xué)、行政管理學(xué)、中學(xué)語(yǔ)文教學(xué)法等課程的教學(xué)，設(shè)置三分之一的實(shí)訓(xùn)課程，主講教師一邊講理論，一邊帶學(xué)生到實(shí)習(xí)基地觀摩、見(jiàn)習(xí)、實(shí)習(xí)，從而真正做到理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際，通過(guò)見(jiàn)習(xí)、實(shí)習(xí)讓學(xué)生查找理論學(xué)生中的不足，在后續(xù)的課程學(xué)習(xí)中加以彌補(bǔ)。Start from three professional direction, according to the students interest and future employment intention, add the practice content in the course of. Listen, say, read, write ability training in the implem