人教版英語八年級下unit1講解與練習

1、Unit1 What ' s the matt？er1. What ' t the matter ? 怎么了 ？matter 此處為可數(shù)名詞，意為 “毛?。宦闊?，通常用于句型What' s the matter with sb. 中? 。該問句常用來詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到了何種麻煩 。 What ' s the matter with him ? 他怎么了 ？ He has a headache . 他頭痛 。拓展：(fatter還可作為不與物動詞，意為要緊，有關(guān)系'，主要用于否認句，疑問句或者條件句中。It doesn ' t matt沒有

2、關(guān)系 。Does it matter if I ' m a bit late ? 我晚一會到有關(guān)系嗎 ？(2.no matter 與 who , what , where 等連用，相當于 whoever , whatever wherever 等，可引導讓步狀語從句。Don' t open the door , no matter whocomes . 不管誰來都別開口。2. I have stomachache . 我胃痛 。Stomachache 為可數(shù)名詞，意為 “胃痛；腹痛Eg: Mary didn ' t come to school yesterday be

3、cause she had a stomachache. 拓展：在英語中，一局部表示身體部位的名詞加上名詞ache疼痛后，可以構(gòu)成合成名詞。女口 headache頭痛，toothache 牙痛，stomachache 胃痛，backache 背痛，earache耳朵痛。3. She talked too much yesterday and didn' t drink eno她昨wO說話太多，并且沒有喝足夠的水。 1此處 too much 相當于一個副詞，修飾動詞talked ,放在后面作狀語，意為 “太多。Eg: She worried too much .Eating too mu

4、ch is bad for your health.2此處enough為形容詞，意為足夠的"。修飾名詞時，常放在名詞前，且位置后置。Eg: It is good enough gor me .Is the water warm enough for you?Enough 還可以構(gòu)成句型搭配： be + adj.+enough+to do 足夠做某事Eg: Though he has grown up , he isn' t brave enough to go out alone at night.4. Drink some hot tea with honey . 喝些加有

5、蜂蜜的熱茶 。with 為介詞，在此處意為 “加上；具有；帶有，表示事物的附屬局部或所具有的性質(zhì)，其反義詞為 without 。Eg: Would you like some tea with sugar ?China is a country with a long history .No man could live without water .拓展：ith意為 和.在一起"Mr.Black is talking with a friend .©with意為用工具、手段等"You can cut it with a knife .©3 with 表

6、示方式、情況或者條件 。She likes to sleep with the light on .The teacher came in with a smile on his face .例題解析： Would you like some coffee,please ? Yes , and please get some sugar . I prefer coffeesugar .A . to B. forC withD from5. You need to take breaks away from the computer . 你需要離開電腦休息幾天 。(1) need 在此處為實意動

7、詞，意為 “需要，后面可接名詞，代詞，動名詞與帶有 to 的不 定式作賓語。Eg: We need to think twice about it .She needs your help .拓展：Need作情態(tài)動詞，意為需要，必需。無人稱和數(shù)的變化，否認式為 needn 't后面一般接動詞原形。Need I finish the work today? Yes, you must . / No ,yo needn' t .If she wants anything ， she need only ask .(2) break 此處用作可數(shù)名詞，意為 “課間的休息。Eg: He

8、 sat under the big tree to take a break. There is a 10-minute break between classes . 拓展：(Jbreak作不與物動詞，意為碎；破"。其過去式為broke,過去分詞為broken。Eg： Glasses breaks easily .©2break 作與物動詞，意為 “弄碎，弄破。Eg: He broke his right leg last month .©3break 作與物動詞，意為 “不遵守法律，規(guī)那么等。Eg: The teacher is talking to the

9、 student who broke the rules .6. I think you should lie down and test . 我認為你應(yīng)該躺下休息 。 1 lie (lay , lain , lying) 此處為不與物動詞，意為 “躺；臥Eg: Don ' t lie in bed all morning .He found a dog lying at the door .拓展：e作為不與物動詞，意為撒謊，說謊"，過去式和過去分詞均為lied,現(xiàn)在分詞為lyi ng。Eg: You are lying to me .記作可數(shù)名詞，意為謊話，假話"

10、Eg: I know he told a lie just now . I believe that it is a white lie .(3jay動詞，意為 產(chǎn)卵，下蛋"，過去式和過去分詞均為laid .Eg: The hens are not laying well at the moment .(2) rest 常作可數(shù)名詞，意為 “休息"Eg: You must take a tes from your work7. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow , then go to a doctor . 如果明天你的頭和

11、脖子還痛 的話，就去看醫(yī)生。(1) 此處連詞 if 引導條件狀語從句，意為 “如果，假設(shè)"。Eg: If she arrives in New York , I'll telephone you .例題解析：I wonder if the psychologist will come to our school this weekend .If he ， we will be very excited .A eB. comesC. will comeD .came(2) go to a doctor 為固定短語，意為 “看醫(yī)生"，相當于 go to see a do

12、ctor .Eg: Bill went to a doctor yesterday .Don't take any medicine before going to a doctor .8. He got off and asked the woman what happened .他下了車，問那個婦女發(fā)生了什么事 。 1get off 為“動詞+副詞"結(jié)構(gòu)的短語，人稱代詞作賓語時，應(yīng)放在動詞與副詞之間，此處意為 “下車"。辨析：(T)get off意為下汽車、火車、飛機等"The first passenger to get off the bus wa

13、s a woman .)get on意為登上汽車、火車、飛機等"，后面常跟較大的交通工具，反義詞為getoffWhen I got on the bus ,I saw my teacher sitting there .(3) et into意為進入小汽車、出租車、電梯等"，后面常跟較小的交通工具。反義詞為 get out ofHe got into a taxi and left .(4get out of意為從小汽車、出租車、直升飛機等下來"She got out of the car and wen into the hall .例題解析：Don't

14、 the bus until it stops .A. turn offB.put onC.get offD.set up(2) happen 為與物動詞，意為 “發(fā)生d當表示 某人或者某物發(fā)生某事'時，某人或者某物必須放在介詞to后面，用句型sth. Happe ns to sb./sth.來表達What has happened to Judy ?當用作 碰巧"時，常用句型sb. Happens to do sth和It happens + that從句She happened to meet her friend in the bookstore .It happene

15、d that I had no money with me .9. Mr.Wang knew he had to act quickly . 王先生知道他必須快點行動。have to 不得不 ，后面接動詞原形辨析： have to 和 mustd1have to 強調(diào)客觀上的需要 ； must 強調(diào)主觀上的必要性。I have to tidy up the room . 客觀需要I must tidy up the room . 主觀想法d2have to 有人稱，數(shù)和時態(tài)變化，可用于一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時或一般將來時等；must 無人稱，數(shù)，時態(tài)變化，主要用于一般現(xiàn)在時。Does he ha

16、ve to stay here ?Must she finish her homework first ?(3它們的否認形式不同。don ' t have t(表示 不必要，不需要must'表示 禁止，不允許，不應(yīng)該"You don ' t have to help him . You mustn ' t help him10. But to his surprise ,they all agreed to go with him . 但出乎他的意料，他們都同意和他一起 去。(1) to one ' s surpris為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為 使某人驚

17、訝的是 "類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有 to one ' t jo使 人開心的是 ;to one ' s disappointmen令人失望的是 ;to one ' s satisfactio使某人滿意的 是To his surprise , she won the first prize .(2) agree 為與物動詞。后面可跟名詞，代詞，動詞不定式或者賓語從句。辨析：(Qgree to后面接方案或者建議©gree on后面接日期或者條款。(3gree with后面接人或者意見。I agree to your plan .They agreed on these

18、 terms .I agree with you .11. The old man got to the hospital in time . 那位老人與時到達了醫(yī)院。get to意為到達"。此處get為補給物動詞，當后面接地點名詞時，要加上介詞to .辨析：(Tget不與物動詞，后面可接地點名詞作賓語要加介詞to要是接地點副詞 home, here和there 不用 to .I get home at 7:00 P.m. every day .What time shall we get to Beijing ?©2arrive 不與物動詞，可直接跟地點副詞；加上介詞 a

19、t/in 后，才能接地點名詞。 點用 in； 小地點用 at©3reach 與物動詞，其后可接跟地點名詞，也可跟地點副詞。I reached Beijing the day before yesterday .We reached here on foot .Section B1. Put on a clean T-shirt .穿上意見干凈的 T恤衫。put on 為“動詞+副詞短語，意為 “穿上；戴上。代詞作其賓語時，須放在 put on 的中 間。He put on a coat and went out .辨析：©1put on 穿衣表動作©2wear “

20、穿衣與物動詞，表狀態(tài)©3dress 給傳衣服與物動詞，賓語只能為人。表狀態(tài)。 be in 同 be dressed in©4bein 穿著后面接表衣服的名詞或表示顏色的形容詞，例題解析：1. warm clothes, or you ' ll catch a cold .2. The children are nice clothes today .3. The girl red is his daughter.4.I him every morning .2. Told him to rest .Tell 為與物動詞， tell sb. (not) to do s

21、th. 意為 “告訴某人不要做某事。He told me to write a report .The police told the children not to play in the street .例題解析：Tell the children unhealthy food . It ' s bad for their health.A. not to eat B.not eating C.to eat D.eating3. Have problem breathing . 呼吸困難。(1) have problems (in)doing sth. 為固定短語，意為 “做某事有

22、問題或困難，同意短語為 have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.He had problems (in) learning English grammar .He has no problem (in) singing the song .4. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing . 阿倫羅爾斯頓是 個對爬山很感興趣的美國人。1此處 who is 為定語從句，修飾名詞 man ,who 為關(guān)系代詞。當被修飾詞為人時，常用關(guān)系代詞 who 或者 th

23、at 引導定語從句。Do you know the girls who / that are dancing ?The man that / who you are waiting for won ' t come .(2) be interested in 為固定短語，意為 “對 感興趣，相當于 take interest in .Interesting 引起“興趣的，有趣的。作表語或定語，修飾物。Interested “感興趣的只作表語，主語為人。一言辨析：I ' m interested in the interesting things我對那些有趣的事物感興趣。 例題解

24、析：The story is and all of us are in it .A.interest;interestingB.interesting;interestC.interested;interestingD.interesting;interested5. As a mountain climber ,Aron is used to taking risks. 作為一名登山者，阿倫習慣于冒險。 1此處 as 為介詞，意為 “作為。As a party member , I must be strict with myself .He works in the hotel as a

25、cook .(2) 此處 be used to 意為“習慣于 ; 適應(yīng)于 ,后面接名詞、代詞或動名詞。He is used to hard work .She is used to getting up early .(3) take risks 意為 “冒險，相當于 take a risk 。You can ' t get rich without taking risks . They were taking a risk when they did that .6. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life beca

26、use of accidents . 有許屢次阿倫因為意外事故幾乎失去生命。 1此處 time 為可數(shù)名詞，意為 “次數(shù)。How many times have you been to Paris ?He failed his driving test five times .(2) almost 副詞，意為 “幾乎，差不多。Almost all the guests are here .He has almost finished his work .(3) 辨析 because of 和 because(because of因為'，介詞短語，后面接名詞或者代詞。I didn 

27、9;t go because of the rain .(2because因為"，連詞，引導原因狀語從句。He didn ' t comestochool because he was ill .7. He was not ready to die that day . 他不愿那天死去。(1) ready 為形容詞，意為 “準備好的，樂意的，愿意的"，常作表語。Lunch is ready .Have you got everything ready ? 拓展：(1be ready to do sth.準備好了做某事"，主要強調(diào)已經(jīng)準備好了要做某事，表示即

28、將去做。We are ready to answer the questions .She is always ready to help others .)be ready for 為.準備好"He was ready for the death .(2) die (died , died , dying ) 為不與物動詞，意為 “死，死亡"His parents died long ago .Nowadays many people die of cancers .The man is dying . 那個人就要死了。 拓展：die 的形容詞形式為 dead , 名詞形

29、式為 death 。A dead person can 't speak .Her grandmother has been dead for two years .Many people fear death .His death is heavier than Mount Tai .8.So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm . 因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。(1) use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事"I use my pen to write a letter .I use a knife

30、 to cut apples . = I use a knife for cutting apples .(2) cut off 為固定短語，意為 “切除，切斷"。When was the telephone cut off ? 拓展：常見的與 cut 有關(guān)的短語：cut down 砍到，減少 cut up 切碎 cut in 插入 插嘴9. Then , with his left arm , he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood .然后，他用左臂給自己打上繃帶以至于他不會失去太多的血。 (1)此處

31、 with 意為“用工具或器具等。You can cut it with a knife . 辨析： with 與 in with : 介詞，“ 用工具They eat with forks .I 'll have to see it with my own eyes . In : 介詞， “用語言，聲音，材料等。She can give a talk in English .He talked to her in a low voice .(2)此處 so that 引導結(jié)果狀語從句 ，意為“以至于。She got up late so that she missed the ear

32、ly bus .He has his head in bandages . 例題解析：Mr.Green speaks very loudly all the people can hear him .A. when B.so that C.because10. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even at=fter this experience .他對登山如此快以至于即使這次經(jīng)歷之后他還繼續(xù)爬山。1keep on doing sth.意為 繼續(xù)做某事"。Th

33、e students are keeping on reading .She kept on working although she was tired . 拓展：eep doing sth.繼續(xù)不停地做某事"Keep going until you reach the end of road .(2keep sb. Doi ng sth.使某人一直做某事"Do't keep your mother waiting.(3keep sb, from doi ng sth.阻止某人做某事"You shouldn 't keep him from wa

34、tching cartoons .(2) experience 此處用作可數(shù)名詞 “經(jīng)歷。11. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn't mind taking risks .阿倫喜愛爬山，不介意冒險。此處 mind 為動詞，意為“介意；在乎。后面可接動名詞作賓語，但不能跟動詞不定式。I don 't mind at all .Do you mind if I open the window ? Would you mind parking your car there ?例題解析： Would you mind _ the windo

35、w ? It' s very hot . No, not at all . A.open B.to open C.opening單元練習一、單項選擇每題 1 分 ，共 15 分1. Kelly, who's the girlglasses in the photo?- 一 It ' s me. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.A. by B. of C. on D. withs bad for their health.2. Students shouldn' t go to schoolbreakfast.

36、ItA. with B. without C. for D. by3. Victor can play piano. He can join the music club.A. a B. an C. the4. How do you like Li Yundi?- A cool guy! His music really beautiful.A. tastes B. sounds C. smells D. looks5. 一 M um，I 'm not feeling well. Oh, dear! A. What ' s wrong? B. Not at all. C. Al

37、l right.onto the6. Young people today posting wonderful articles and beautiful photosmicromes- sage微信to share with friends.A. are afraid ofB. are used toC. are worried about7. Andrea Bocelli neverA. takes away B. gives away8. He hurried back home， which makes him a successful singer.C. gets up D. gi

38、ves up his schoolbag.A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches9. Why did you get up late this morning? I stayed up late last night, A. BecauseB. So C. Because of D. But10. What's the matter with you? 一 Ia headache.A. have B. take C. make D, like11. To our, the little girl is the first to go

39、to bed.A. surprises B. surprise C. surprised D. surprising12. - -What did your sister do?-Shethe bus at the bus stop and went home.A. got to B. got up C. got down D. got off13. What did you see? I saw many boysgames near the river.A. played B. playing C. plays D. to play14.lt' sown busin事ssPleas

40、e do it yourself.A. you B. your C. yours D. his15. My father often cooks some delicious foodfor us at home.A. herself B. ourselves C. himself D. yourselves 二 、完形填空 共 10 分Mr. and Mrs. Gree n were very worried about their son, Leo. He seemed to be dumb( 啞的 15 he was normal in every other way. Mr. and

41、Mrs. Greentriedeveryth ing to get him to 17 ,but with no success.Whe n Leo was six years old, the bestdoctors in the tow n18 him carefully, but could find nothing wrong. And he seemed to be smart.It was just that he _19spoke.“ There might be something wrong with his 20 , and he doesn' t know he&

42、#39;s able to speOkone doctor said. “ But he can read and,writjaid Mr. Green. “ Wd ve written him notes, telling him that he can speak. ""It ' s certainly ve21 , " another doctor said. Perhaps he ' ll beable to speak some day. " 22_ passed. Leo went to university. But he

43、did not say a 23 word. Then one day,Leo was havi ng a meal with his pare nts. Without any warning, he looked up from his 24 and said,“ Pass me the slgplease."Mr. and Mrs. Green were excited.spokekYou spoke!" they cried. “ Why have you25 so long to speak?"" I did n ' t have an

44、ythin gstoy, , he said.“ Un til now everyth ing was perfect. But you forgot to put salt in potatoes."17. A. speak18. A. taughtB. walkB. found19. A. neverB. often20.A. backB. hair21. A. un fairB. stra nge22. A. HoursB. Weeks23. A. goodB. right24. A. chairB. meal25. A. sleptB. walked三、閱讀理解每題2分，16

45、. A. because B. whe n共40分C. thoughD. beforeC. playD. laughC. usuallyD. alwaysC. faceD. mi ndC. no isyietC. Mon thsD. YearsC. si ngleD. newG. handsD. booksC. servedD. waitedC. exam ined D. askedAs goodIt ' s important for us to be healthy. But how can we keep healthy? First,you should eat fruit a

46、nd vegetables three or four times a week. Then eat some tofu every day because itforpeople, both the young and the old. Milk is also necessary(必要的,especially for women. So you should have milk twice & day. It can help you to be strong. Next, doing more exercise is better. You can do morning exer

47、cises or evening exercises. After supper you should take a walk.26. You should eatthree or four times a week.A. fruit and fish B. vegetables and mutt onC. tofu D. fruit and vegetables27. Tofu is good for .A. young people B. old people C. young and old people D. stude nts28. Why do people have milk?A

48、. It, s delicious.B. It' s a kind of drink.C. It ' s bad for you. D. It can help you keep strong.29. You should have milk .A. four times a day B. five times a week C. twice a day D. twice a week30. The passage mainly tells us.A. how to keep healthy B. what health isC. why health is importa n

49、tD. how ofte n you can eat tofuDo you know the story about Vince? It was a true story. Vince was an English boy and he was eight years old. He didn't like soap or water. Three or four times a day his mother said to him, “ Vince, your hands are very dirty again. Go and wash them. But Vince never

50、washed them well. He only put his hands in the water for a few seconds and then took them out again.Vince ' s uncle and aunt lived in another city. One day they came to stay with Vince ' and they brought their small son, Toby, with them. Toby was seven years old and he didn ' soap or wat

51、er, either.The boys sat with their parents for a few minutes and then they went outside. When theywere playing, Vince looked at Toby's hands and then went back to Toby 's parents and said proudly (驕傲地， “Toby's hands are dirtier than mine,“ Of course they ar，e Toby said angrily.“ You are

52、one yeahraonldI earmt, 31. Vince ' s mother asked him tothree or four times a day.A. wash his hands B. do his homework C. clean his bedroom D. wash his teeth32. When Vince saw Toby ' s hands, he_fe_l_t.A, sorry B. proud C. sad D. terrible33. Vince ' s hands were a littlethan Toby ' s

53、.A. dirtier B. cleaner C. bigger D. smaller34. From the story we know that .A. Vince liked soap and water, but Toby didn' tB. Toby liked soap and water ， but Vince didn 'tC. Vince and Toby liked soap and waterD. Vinc e and Toby didn ' t like soap or water35. How many people are there in

54、the story?A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven, CWhen I was about 12 ，a girl in my class liked to point out ( 指出 my problems. I was too thin ； I wasn 't a good stud；enIt talked too much ；I was too proud (驕傲， and so on. At last， I became very angry and ran to my father.He listened to me quietly. Th

55、en he asked, “ Are these things true or not? Do you know what you are really like? Go and make a list of what she said and find the things that are true. I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered ( 發(fā)現(xiàn) that about half of the things were true. Some of them I could n'改變hange being ver

56、y thi n). But there were things Icould and wanted to change. For the first time, I got a clear picture of myself.I brought the list back to Dad. He didn't take it,，“Theats 'aids jus“t foYroyuouknow the truth (真相 about yourself better than anyone else. When people say something that is true a

57、bout you，you should find it helpful. ，'Our world is fu ll of people who think they know your matter. Don't be angry and feel hurt.Listen to them. ?根據(jù)短文容，判斷正(T)誤(F)。36. was angry because a girl in my class pointed out my problems.( )37. My father wasn ' t interested in what I sai)d.(38. found that about half of the things the girl said were true.( )39. was very proud so I didn' t want to change at) all.(40 No matter what people say? you should think it helpful. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換5分41.1 have a stomachache.就畫線局部提問 isyou?42.She should drink some